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E-raamat: Analysis of Electrical Circuits with Variable Load Regime Parameters: Projective Geometry Method

  • Formaat: PDF+DRM
  • Sari: Power Systems
  • Ilmumisaeg: 07-Apr-2015
  • Kirjastus: Springer International Publishing AG
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9783319163512
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Analysis of Electrical Circuits with Variable Load Regime Parameters: Projective Geometry MethodSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: PDF+DRM
  • Sari: Power Systems
  • Ilmumisaeg: 07-Apr-2015
  • Kirjastus: Springer International Publishing AG
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9783319163512
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This book introduces electric circuits with variable loads and voltage regulators. It allows to define invariant relationships for various parameters of regime and circuit sections and to prove the concepts characterizing these circuits. Generalized equivalent circuits are introduced. Projective geometry is used for the interpretation of changes of operating regime parameters. Expressions of normalized regime parameters and their changes are presented. Convenient formulas for the calculation of currents are given. Parallel voltage sources and the cascade connection of multi-port networks are described. The two-value voltage regulation characteristics of loads with limited power of voltage source is considered. The book presents the fundamentals of electric circuits and develops circuit theorems. It is useful to engineers, researchers and graduate students who are interested in the basic electric circuit theory and the regulation and monitoring of power supply systems.
1 Introduction
1(28)
1.1 Typical Structure and Equivalent Circuits of Power Supply Systems. Features of Circuits with Variable Operating Regime Parameters
1(2)
1.2 Disadvantages of the Well-Known Calculation Methods of Regime Parameters in the Relative Form for Active Two-Poles
3(8)
1.2.1 Volt-Ampere Characteristics of an Active Two-Pole
3(1)
1.2.2 Regime Parameters in the Relative Form
4(3)
1.2.3 Regime Change in the Relative Form
7(2)
1.2.4 Active Two-Port with Changeable Resistance
9(1)
1.2.5 Scales of Regime Parameters for Cascaded Two-Ports
9(2)
1.3 Analysis of the Traditional Approach to Normalizing of Regime Parameters for the Voltage Linear Stabilization
11(3)
1.4 Active Two-Port
14(3)
1.4.1 Volt Characteristics of an Active Two-Port
14(1)
1.4.2 Traditional Recalculation of the Load Currents
14(3)
1.5 Nonlinear Energy Characteristics
17(3)
1.5.1 Efficiency of Two-Ports with Different Losses
17(2)
1.5.2 Characteristic Regimes of Solar Cells
19(1)
1.6 Regulated Voltage Converters
20(9)
1.6.1 Voltage Regulator with a Limited Capacity Voltage Source
20(1)
1.6.2 Buck Converter
21(2)
1.6.3 Boost Converter
23(1)
References
24(5)
Part I Electrical Circuits with One Load. Projective Coordinates of a Straight Line Point
2 Operating Regimes of an Active Two-Pole. Display of Projective Geometry
29(26)
2.1 Volt-Ampere Characteristics of an Active Two-Pole. Affine and Projective Transformations of Regime Parameters
29(13)
2.1.1 Affine Transformations
29(8)
2.1.2 Projective Transformations
37(5)
2.2 Volt-Ampere Characteristics of an Active Two-Pole with a Variable Element
42(5)
2.2.1 Thevenin Equivalent Circuit with the Variable Internal Resistance
42(2)
2.2.2 Norton Equivalent Circuit with the Variable Internal Conductivity
44(3)
2.3 Regime Symmetry for a Load Power
47(8)
2.3.1 Symmetry of Consumption and Return of Power
47(3)
2.3.2 Symmetry Relatively to the Maximum Power Point
50(2)
2.3.3 Two Systems of Characteristic Points
52(2)
References
54(1)
3 Generalized Equivalent Circuit of an Active Two-Pole with a Variable Element
55(42)
3.1 Introduction
55(1)
3.2 Circuit with a Series Variable Resistance
56(14)
3.2.1 Disadvantage of the Known Equivalent Circuit
56(1)
3.2.2 Generalized Equivalent Circuit
57(3)
3.2.3 Relative Operative Regimes. Recalculation of the Load Current
60(5)
3.2.4 Example
65(5)
3.3 Circuit with a Shunt Variable Conductivity
70(13)
3.3.1 Disadvantage of the Known Equivalent Circuit
70(1)
3.3.2 Generalized Equivalent Circuit
71(3)
3.3.3 Relative Operative Regimes. Recalculation of the Load Current
74(5)
3.3.4 Example
79(4)
3.4 General Case of an Active Two-Pole with a Variable Conductivity
83(9)
3.4.1 Known Equivalent Generator
83(2)
3.4.2 Generalized Equivalent Circuit
85(3)
3.4.3 Example of a Circuit. Recalculation of the Load Current
88(4)
3.5 Stabilization of the Load Current
92(5)
References
95(2)
4 Two-Port Circuits
97(32)
4.1 Input-Output Conformity of Two-Ports as Affine Transformations
97(5)
4.1.1 Conformity of a Two-Port
97(2)
4.1.2 Conformity of Cascaded Two-Ports
99(3)
4.2 Input-Output Conformity of Two-Ports as Projective Transformations
102(15)
4.2.1 Conformity of a Two-Port
102(4)
4.2.2 Versions of Conformities, Invariants, and Cross Ratios
106(4)
4.2.3 Conformity of Cascaded Two-Ports
110(7)
4.3 Use of Invariant Properties for the Transfer of Measuring Signals
117(4)
4.3.1 Transfer of Signals Over an Unstable Two-Port
117(3)
4.3.2 Conductivity Measurement by an Unstable Two-Port
120(1)
4.4 Deviation from the Maximum Efficiency of a Two-Port
121(8)
4.4.1 Regime Symmetry for the Input Terminals
123(1)
4.4.2 Regime Symmetry for the Output or Load
124(3)
References
127(2)
5 Paralleling of Limited Capacity Voltage Sources
129(26)
5.1 Introduction
129(1)
5.2 Initial Relationships
129(2)
5.3 Influence of the Load Value on the Current Distribution
131(10)
5.3.1 Analysis of Paralleling Voltage Sources
131(2)
5.3.2 Introduction of Two Concepts
133(3)
5.3.3 Comparison of a Loading Regime of Different Circuits
136(5)
5.4 Influence of the Equalizing Resistance on the Current Distribution
141(14)
5.4.1 Analysis of Paralleling Voltage Sources
141(2)
5.4.2 Introduction of Two Concepts
143(3)
5.4.3 Comparison of a Loading Regime of Different Circuits
146(5)
References
151(4)
Part II Multi-port Circuits. Projective Coordinates of a Point on the Plane and Space
6 Operating Regimes of an Active Multi-port
155(30)
6.1 Active Two-Port. Affine and Projective Coordinates on the Plane
155(16)
6.1.1 Affine Coordinates
155(6)
6.1.2 Particular Case of a Two-Port. Introduction of the Projective Plane
161(2)
6.1.3 General Case of a Two-Port. Projective Coordinates
163(8)
6.2 Particular Case of a Multi-port. The Projective Coordinates in Space
171(7)
6.3 Projective Coordinates of an Active Two-Port with Stabilization of Load Voltages
178(7)
References
184(1)
7 Recalculation of Load Currents of Multi-ports
185(30)
7.1 Recalculation of Currents for the Case of Load Changes
185(6)
7.1.1 Active Two-Port
185(4)
7.1.2 Active Three-Port
189(2)
7.2 Recalculation of Currents for the Case of Changes of Circuit Parameters
191(12)
7.2.1 Change of Lateral Conductivity
191(6)
7.2.2 Change of Longitudinal Conductivity
197(6)
7.3 Comparison of Regimes and Parameters of Active Two-Ports
203(4)
7.4 Comparison of Regime of Active Two Ports with Linear Stabilizations of Load Voltages
207(8)
References
214(1)
8 Cascaded Four-Port Circuits
215(30)
8.1 Input-Output Conformity of Four-Ports as an Affine Transformation
215(7)
8.2 Input-Output Conformity of Four-Ports as a Projective Transformation
222(17)
8.2.1 Output of a Four-Port
222(2)
8.2.2 Input of a Four-Port
224(5)
8.2.3 Recalculation of Currents at Load Changes
229(2)
8.2.4 Two Cascaded Four-Port Networks
231(1)
8.2.5 Examples of Calculation
232(7)
8.3 Transmission of Two Signals Over Three-Wire Line
239(6)
8.3.1 Transmission by Using of Cross Ratio
239(2)
8.3.2 Transmission by Using of Affine Ratio
241(2)
References
243(2)
9 Generalized Equivalent Circuit of a Multi-port
245(16)
9.1 Generalized Equivalent of an Active Two-Port
245(7)
9.1.1 Disadvantages of Known Equivalent
245(1)
9.1.2 Introduction of the Formal Variant of a Generalized Equivalent
246(3)
9.1.3 Introduction of the Principal Variant of a Generalized Equivalent Circuit
249(3)
9.2 Generalized Equivalent of an Active Three-Port
252(9)
References
257(4)
Part III Circuits with Regulation and Stabilization of Load Voltages with Limited Capacity Power Supply
10 Regulation of Load Voltages
261(24)
10.1 Base Model. Display of Con formal Geometry
261(6)
10.2 Using of Hyperbolic Geometry Model
267(10)
10.2.1 Case of One Load
268(3)
10.2.2 Case of Two Loads
271(6)
10.3 Example
277(8)
10.3.1 Case of One Load
278(2)
10.3.2 Case of Two Loads
280(3)
References
283(2)
11 Stabilization of Load Voltages
285(32)
11.1 Analysis of Load Voltage Stabilization Regimes
285(11)
11.1.1 Case of One Load
285(2)
11.1.2 Use of Hyperbolic Geometry
287(7)
11.1.3 Case of Two Loads
294(2)
11.2 Given Voltage for the First Variable Load and Voltage Regulation of the Second Given Load
296(10)
11.2.1 Use of Hyperbolic Geometry
300(2)
11.2.2 Regime Change for the First Given Load Resistance
302(3)
11.2.3 Example
305(1)
11.3 Power-Load and Power-Source Elements
306(11)
References
315(2)
12 Pulse-Width Modulation Regulators
317(22)
12.1 Introduction
317(1)
12.2 Regulation Characteristic of Boost Converter
318(10)
12.3 Regulation Characteristic of Buck-Boost Converter
328(11)
12.3.1 Buck-Boost Converter with an Idealized Choke
328(7)
12.3.2 Buck-Boost Regulator with Losses of Choke
335(2)
References
337(2)
Conclusions 339(2)
Index 341
A. Penin was born in 1952. He graduated from Radio Department Polytechnic Institute in 1974, Odessa, Ukraine. His engineering interest relates to power electronics. Between 1980 and 2006 he worked in the design office of solid-state electronics of Academy of Sciences of Moldova; the elaboration of power supply systems. Ever since 2006 he has been working in the Institute of Electronic Engineering and Nanotechnologies of Academy of Sciences of Moldova; he continues the early begun, 70-th years, the independent theoretical researches in the electric circuit theory with variable regimes. He is a senior research assistant, PhD (2011).
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