Preface |
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xvii | |
1 Insights of the Removal of Antibiotics From Water and Wastewater: A Review on Physical, Chemical, and Biological Techniques |
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1 | (48) |
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2 | (2) |
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1.2 Antibiotic Removal Methods |
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4 | (28) |
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1.2.1 Aerobic Biological Treatment |
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4 | (4) |
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1.2.2 Anaerobic Biological Treatment |
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8 | (4) |
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1.2.3 Adsorption Processes |
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12 | (6) |
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1.2.3.1 Activated Carbon and its Composites |
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12 | (3) |
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1.2.3.2 Magnetic Nanomaterials/Adsorbents |
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15 | (3) |
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1.2.4 Advanced Oxidation Processes |
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18 | (12) |
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1.2.4.1 Fenton Type Processes |
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19 | (5) |
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24 | (3) |
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1.2.4.3 Photocatalytic Degradation |
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27 | (3) |
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30 | (2) |
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32 | (1) |
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33 | (16) |
2 Adsorption on Alternative Low-Cost Materials-Derived Adsorbents in Water Treatment |
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49 | (58) |
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50 | (1) |
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50 | (1) |
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51 | (1) |
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2.4 Application of Low-Cost Waste-Based Adsorbents in Water Treatment |
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51 | (33) |
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52 | (3) |
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52 | (1) |
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52 | (3) |
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55 | (1) |
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55 | (3) |
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58 | (2) |
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60 | (3) |
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62 | (1) |
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62 | (1) |
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63 | (1) |
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63 | (2) |
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65 | (6) |
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65 | (2) |
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67 | (2) |
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69 | (1) |
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70 | (1) |
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71 | (1) |
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71 | (4) |
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75 | (3) |
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78 | (4) |
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78 | (3) |
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81 | (1) |
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81 | (1) |
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82 | (2) |
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84 | (2) |
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86 | (1) |
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86 | (21) |
3 Mathematical Modeling of Reactor for Water Remediation |
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107 | (64) |
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108 | (1) |
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109 | (3) |
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3.2.1 Water Remediation Techniques |
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110 | (2) |
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112 | (42) |
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3.3.1 Modeling of Multi-Phase Flows |
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118 | (6) |
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3.3.2 Governing Equations for Multiphase Models |
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124 | (50) |
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3.3.2.1 Photocatalytic Reactors |
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128 | (4) |
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132 | (5) |
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3.3.2.3 Fluidized Bed Reactors |
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137 | (5) |
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3.3.2.4 Adsorption Column |
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142 | (1) |
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3.3.2.5 Air Sparging Technology |
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143 | (3) |
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3.3.2.6 Electrochemical Reactors |
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146 | (8) |
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154 | (2) |
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156 | (15) |
4 Environmental Remediation Using Integrated Microbial Electrochemical Wetlands: iMETLands |
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171 | (20) |
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172 | (2) |
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4.2 Constructed Wetland-Microbial Fuel Cell (CW-MFC) System |
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174 | (3) |
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4.2.1 Role of Redox Gradient |
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175 | (1) |
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4.2.2 Role of Microorganisms |
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176 | (1) |
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4.2.3 Role of WW Strength |
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176 | (1) |
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4.2.4 Role of Wetland Vegetation |
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176 | (1) |
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4.3 iMETLand State of the Art |
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177 | (7) |
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4.3.1 iMETLand as a Potential Treatment Unit for Industrial Wastewater |
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184 | (1) |
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4.4 Conclusion, Challenges and Future Directions |
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184 | (1) |
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185 | (6) |
5 Forward Osmosis Membrane Technology for the Petroleum Industry Wastewater Treatment |
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191 | (24) |
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191 | (1) |
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5.2 Forward Osmosis Membrane Process |
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192 | (2) |
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5.2.1 Main Factors in FO Technology |
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193 | (1) |
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5.3 FO Technology for the Petroleum Industry Wastewater Treatment |
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194 | (12) |
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5.3.1 Literature Review of FO Technology for the Petroleum Industry Wastewater Treatment |
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194 | (11) |
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5.3.2 Recent Advances in FO Membranes |
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205 | (1) |
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5.4 Challenges Ahead and Future Perspectives |
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206 | (1) |
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207 | (1) |
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208 | (7) |
6 UV/Periodate Advanced Oxidation Process: Fundamentals and Applications |
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215 | (34) |
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216 | (1) |
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6.2 Periodate Speciation in Aqueous Solution |
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217 | (1) |
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6.3 Generation of Reactive Species Upon UV-Photolysis of Periodate |
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218 | (5) |
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6.4 Application of UV/IO-4 for Organics Degradation |
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223 | (11) |
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6.5 Scavenging of the Reactive Species Under Laboratory Conditions |
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234 | (2) |
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6.6 Factors Influencing the Degradation Process |
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236 | (4) |
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6.6.1 Initial Periodate Concentration |
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236 | (1) |
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6.6.2 Irradiation Intensity |
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237 | (1) |
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6.6.3 Initial Pollutant Concentration |
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237 | (1) |
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238 | (2) |
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240 | (1) |
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6.7 Advantages of UV/Periodate Process |
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240 | (1) |
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241 | (1) |
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242 | (1) |
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242 | (7) |
7 Trends in Landfill Leachate Treatment Through Biological Biotechnology |
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249 | (40) |
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250 | (2) |
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7.2 Landfill Leachate Characteristics |
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252 | (3) |
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7.3 Wastewater Treatment Techniques |
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255 | (3) |
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7.4 Comparison of Aerobic and Anaerobic Processes |
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258 | (2) |
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7.5 Different Biological Systems for Landfill Leachate Treatment |
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260 | (16) |
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7.5.1 Aerobic Membrane Bioreactor |
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260 | (3) |
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7.5.2 Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactors |
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263 | (3) |
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7.5.3 Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor |
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266 | (1) |
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7.5.4 Sequencing Batch Reactor |
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267 | (4) |
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7.5.5 Aerobic/Anaerobic/Facultative Lagoons |
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271 | (2) |
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273 | (1) |
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7.5.7 Rotating Biological Contactor |
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274 | (2) |
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276 | (1) |
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277 | (12) |
8 Metal-Organic Framework Nanoparticle Technology for Water Remediation: Road to a Sustainable Ecosystem |
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289 | (32) |
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8.1 Introduction to MOF Nanoparticles |
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290 | (1) |
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8.2 MOFs for Decontamination of Water |
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291 | (4) |
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8.2.1 Inorganic Contaminant |
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292 | (1) |
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8.2.2 Nuclear Contaminants |
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293 | (1) |
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8.2.3 Organic Contaminants |
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293 | (1) |
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8.2.4 Sources of Heavy Metals in Water |
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294 | (1) |
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8.3 Impact of MOFs for Remediation of Water |
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295 | (8) |
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8.3.1 Applications of MOF Nanoparticles for Water Remediation |
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296 | (2) |
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8.3.2 Adsorption By MOF Nanoparticles |
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298 | (1) |
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8.3.3 Conventional Nanoparticles Used in Water Remediation |
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299 | (4) |
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8.4 Removal of Organic Contaminant |
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303 | (4) |
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8.4.1 Removal of Heavy Metal Ions |
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303 | (3) |
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8.4.2 MOF Powder-Based Membrane for Organic Contaminants Removal |
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306 | (1) |
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8.4.3 Photocatalytic Remediation of Water Using MOF Nanoparticles |
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307 | (1) |
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8.5 MOF Nanoparticle Magnetic Iron-Based Technology for Water Remediation |
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307 | (4) |
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8.5.1 Iron as a Remediation Tool |
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308 | (2) |
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8.5.2 Research Needs and Limitations |
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310 | (1) |
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311 | (1) |
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311 | (10) |
9 Metal-Organic Frameworks for Heavy Metal Removal |
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321 | (36) |
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322 | (1) |
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9.2 Heavy Metals in Environment |
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323 | (2) |
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9.3 Heavy Metals Removal Technologies |
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325 | (5) |
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9.3.1 Adsorption of Heavy Metals |
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326 | (1) |
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9.3.2 Metal-Organic Frameworks as Adsorbent for Heavy Metals Removal |
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327 | (3) |
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9.4 Applications of Metal-Organic Framework in Heavy Metals Removal |
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330 | (14) |
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330 | (6) |
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336 | (2) |
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338 | (2) |
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340 | (1) |
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341 | (3) |
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344 | (1) |
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344 | (1) |
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345 | (12) |
10 Microalgae-Based Bioremediation |
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357 | (24) |
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10.1 Introduction to Microalgae-Based Bioremediation |
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357 | (1) |
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10.2 Microalgae Bioremediation Mechanisms |
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358 | (2) |
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10.3 Inorganic Pollutants Bioremediation |
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360 | (3) |
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360 | (2) |
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362 | (1) |
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10.4 Organic Pollutants Bioremediation |
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363 | (5) |
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363 | (1) |
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10.4.2 Phthalate Esters (PAEs) |
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364 | (1) |
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365 | (1) |
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10.4.4 Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) |
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366 | (1) |
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367 | (1) |
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10.5 Emerging Pollutants Removal |
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368 | (2) |
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368 | (2) |
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10.5.2 Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Compounds (PFAS) |
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370 | (1) |
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10.6 Bioremediation Associated with the Bioproducts Production |
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370 | (2) |
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10.7 Integrated Technology for Microalgae-Based Bioremediation |
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372 | (1) |
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372 | (1) |
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373 | (8) |
11 Photocatalytic Water Disinfection |
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381 | (24) |
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381 | (2) |
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11.2 Techniques for Water Disinfection |
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383 | (15) |
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11.2.1 Ozone and Ozone-Based Water Disinfection |
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384 | (2) |
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11.2.2 H2O2/UV-Based Water Disinfection |
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386 | (1) |
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11.2.3 Fenton-Based Water Disinfection |
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387 | (1) |
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11.2.4 Sonolysis-Based Water Disinfection |
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388 | (2) |
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11.2.5 Photocatalysis-Based Water Disinfection |
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390 | (4) |
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11.2.6 Ultrasound/Ozone-Based Water Disinfection |
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394 | (1) |
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11.2.7 Ultrasound/H2O2/UV-Based Water Disinfection |
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395 | (1) |
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11.2.8 Ultrasound/Fenton/H2O2-Based Water Disinfection |
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395 | (1) |
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11.2.9 Ultrasound/Photocatalysis-Based Water Disinfection |
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396 | (2) |
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398 | (1) |
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398 | (7) |
12 Phytoremediation and the Way Forward: Challenges and Opportunities |
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405 | (32) |
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405 | (5) |
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12.1.1 Bioremediation and Biosorption |
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406 | (2) |
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12.1.2 Recent Developments in Bioremediation |
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408 | (2) |
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12.2 Biosorbant for Phytoremediation |
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410 | (13) |
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12.2.1 Algae and Weeds as Biosorbants |
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410 | (4) |
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12.2.1.1 Removal of Chromium |
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411 | (1) |
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12.2.1.2 Removal of Cadmium |
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412 | (1) |
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412 | (1) |
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12.2.1.4 Removal of Copper |
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413 | (1) |
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12.2.1.5 Removal of Strontium, Uranium and Lead |
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413 | (1) |
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12.2.2 Agricultural Biomass as Biosorbents |
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414 | (8) |
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12.2.2.1 Removal of Nickel and Chromium |
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415 | (1) |
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12.2.2.2 Removal of Cadmium and Lead |
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416 | (2) |
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12.2.2.3 Removal of Copper and Zinc |
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418 | (1) |
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12.2.2.4 Removal of Other Metals: Fe (II), Mn(II), Va and Mo |
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419 | (1) |
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12.2.2.5 Removal of Nickel and Cobalt |
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419 | (1) |
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12.2.2.6 Removal of Uranium |
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420 | (1) |
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12.2.2.7 Other Biomaterials |
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421 | (1) |
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12.2.3 Biochar as Biosorbent |
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422 | (1) |
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12.3 Soil Amendments for Enhancement of Bioremediation |
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423 | (1) |
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12.4 Challenges & Future Prespectives |
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424 | (1) |
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12.4.1 Future Perspectives |
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424 | (1) |
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425 | (1) |
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426 | (11) |
13 Sonochemistry for Water Remediation: Toward an Up-Scaled Continuous Technology |
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437 | (32) |
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438 | (1) |
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13.2 Water Remediation Technologies: The Place of Ultrasound and Sonochemistry |
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439 | (17) |
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13.3 Continuous-Flow Sonochemistry: State-of-the-Art |
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456 | (4) |
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13.4 Perspectives for an Up-Scaled Continuous Sonochemical Technology for Water Remediation |
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460 | (1) |
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461 | (8) |
14 Advanced Oxidation Technologies for the Treatment of Wastewater |
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469 | (16) |
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469 | (2) |
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471 | (1) |
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14.3 Advanced Oxidation Process |
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472 | (6) |
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472 | (2) |
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474 | (1) |
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475 | (1) |
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476 | (1) |
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14.3.5 Ultraviolet Radiation-Based AOP |
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476 | (1) |
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14.3.6 Photo-Fenton Process |
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477 | (1) |
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14.3.7 Heterogeneous Photocatalysts |
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478 | (1) |
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14.4 Perspectives and Recommendations |
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478 | (1) |
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479 | (1) |
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480 | (1) |
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480 | (5) |
15 Application of Copper Oxide-Based Catalysts in Advanced Oxidation Processes |
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485 | (42) |
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485 | (2) |
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15.2 An Overview of Catalytic AOPs |
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487 | (5) |
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15.2.1 Fenton-Based Processes |
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487 | (1) |
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15.2.2 Catalytic Ozonation |
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487 | (2) |
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15.2.3 Heterogeneous Photocatalysis |
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489 | (1) |
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15.2.4 Catalytic Wet Air Oxidation (CWAO) |
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490 | (1) |
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15.2.5 Catalytic Supercritical Water Oxidation (CSCWO) |
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491 | (1) |
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15.2.6 Persulfate Advanced Oxidation Processes (PS-AOPs) |
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491 | (1) |
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15.3 Recent Advances in Copper Oxide-Based Catalysts |
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492 | (7) |
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15.3.1 Morphologically Transformed Copper Oxide |
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493 | (1) |
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15.3.2 Supported Copper Oxide (CuOx/Support) |
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494 | (2) |
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15.3.3 Coupled Copper Oxide |
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496 | (1) |
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15.3.4 Doped Copper Oxide (X-Doped CuOx) |
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497 | (2) |
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15.4 Literature Review of Application of Copper Oxide-Based Catalysts for AOPs |
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499 | (15) |
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15.4.1 Degradation of Dyes in Wastewater |
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499 | (8) |
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15.4.2 Degradation of Pharmaceuticals in Wastewater |
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507 | (3) |
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15.4.3 Degradation of Phenols in Wastewater |
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510 | (4) |
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15.4.4 Degradation of Other Toxic Organic Compounds in Wastewater |
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514 | (1) |
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15.5 Conclusion and Future Perspectives |
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514 | (2) |
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516 | (1) |
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516 | (11) |
16 Biochar-Based Sorbents for Sequestration of Pharmaceutical Compounds: Considering the Main Parameters in the Adsorption Process |
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527 | (38) |
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527 | (2) |
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16.2 Adsorption Fundamentals |
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529 | (1) |
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16.3 Effect of Various Parameters on Adsorption of Pharmaceuticals |
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530 | (12) |
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530 | (3) |
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16.3.2 Effect of Initial pH |
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533 | (4) |
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16.3.3 Effect of Adsorbent Dosage |
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537 | (1) |
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16.3.4 Effect of Temperature and Thermodynamic Parameters |
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537 | (5) |
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542 | (6) |
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548 | (5) |
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553 | (1) |
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554 | (11) |
17 Bioremediation of Agricultural Wastewater |
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565 | (16) |
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565 | (1) |
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566 | (1) |
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17.2 Sources of Agricultural Wastewater |
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566 | (1) |
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17.3 Bioremediation Processes for Agricultural Wastewater Treatment |
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567 | (8) |
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17.3.1 Biological Treatment Processes |
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568 | (5) |
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17.3.1.1 Anaerobic Digestion Treatment |
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568 | (2) |
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17.3.1.2 Aerobic Wastewater Treatment |
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570 | (3) |
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17.3.2 Bioremediation of Pesticides |
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573 | (1) |
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17.3.3 Constructed Wetlands |
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574 | (1) |
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575 | (1) |
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17.4 Conclusion and Future Outlook |
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575 | (1) |
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576 | (1) |
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576 | (5) |
18 Remediation of Toxic Contaminants in Water Using Agricultural Waste |
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581 | (42) |
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582 | (1) |
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18.2 Components in Wastewater and Their Negative Impact |
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583 | (1) |
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18.3 Techniques for Remediation of Wastewater |
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583 | (1) |
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18.4 Agricultural Waste Materials |
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584 | (24) |
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585 | (20) |
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605 | (1) |
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18.4.3 Grapefruit Peel (GFP) |
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605 | (1) |
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605 | (1) |
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606 | (1) |
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606 | (1) |
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606 | (1) |
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607 | (1) |
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607 | (1) |
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18.4.10 Palm Kernel Shell |
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607 | (1) |
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607 | (1) |
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608 | (1) |
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608 | (1) |
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608 | (1) |
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18.5 Agricultural Waste-Assisted Synthesis of Nanoparticles and Wastewater Remediation Through Nanoparticles |
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608 | (1) |
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18.6 Adsorption Models for Adsorbents |
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609 | (2) |
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609 | (1) |
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18.6.2 Freundlich Isotherm |
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610 | (1) |
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611 | (1) |
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611 | (12) |
19 Remediation of Emerging Pollutants by Using Advanced Biological Wastewater Treatments |
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623 | (22) |
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624 | (2) |
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19.2 Pharmaceutical Wastewater |
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626 | (2) |
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19.2.1 Occurrence and Potential Threats |
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626 | (1) |
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19.2.2 Advanced Biological Remediation |
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626 | (2) |
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19.3 Pesticide Contaminated Wastewater |
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628 | (4) |
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19.3.1 Source of Pollution With Environmental and Health Impacts |
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628 | (1) |
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19.3.2 Advanced Biological Treatments |
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628 | (4) |
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19.4 Surfactant Pollution |
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632 | (2) |
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19.4.1 Source and Impacts of Pollution |
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632 | (1) |
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19.4.2 Biological Remediation |
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632 | (2) |
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19.5 Microplastic Pollution |
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634 | (2) |
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19.5.1 Occurrence and Environmental Threats |
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634 | (1) |
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19.5.2 Proposed Remediation Strategies |
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635 | (1) |
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19.5.2.1 Microplastic Generation Source Control |
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635 | (1) |
|
19.5.2.2 Mitigation Policies |
|
|
636 | (1) |
|
19.6 Endocrine Disrupters in Environment |
|
|
636 | (1) |
|
19.7 Remedies for Endocrine Disrupters |
|
|
637 | (1) |
|
|
637 | (1) |
|
|
638 | (1) |
|
|
638 | (7) |
Index |
|
645 | |