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E-raamat: Arithmetic of Hyperbolic 3-Manifolds

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  • Sari: Graduate Texts in Mathematics 219
  • Ilmumisaeg: 17-Apr-2013
  • Kirjastus: Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781475767209
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  • Formaat: PDF+DRM
  • Sari: Graduate Texts in Mathematics 219
  • Ilmumisaeg: 17-Apr-2013
  • Kirjastus: Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781475767209
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For the past 25 years, the Geometrization Program of Thurston has been a driving force for research in 3-manifold topology. This has inspired a surge of activity investigating hyperbolic 3-manifolds (and Kleinian groups), as these manifolds form the largest and least well-understood class of compact 3-manifolds. Familiar and new tools from diverse areas of mathematics have been utilized in these investigations, from topology, geometry, analysis, group theory, and from the point of view of this book, algebra and number theory. Thisbook is aimed at readers already familiar with the basics of hyperbolic 3-manifolds or Kleinian groups, and it is intended to introduce them to the interesting connections with number theory and the tools that will be required to pursue them. While there are a number of texts which cover the topological, geometric and analytical aspects of hyperbolic 3-manifolds, this book is unique in that it deals exclusively with the arithmetic aspects, which are not covered in other texts. Colin Maclachlan is a Reader in the Department of Mathematical Sciences at the University of Aberdeen in Scotland where he has served since 1968. He is a former President of the Edinburgh Mathematical Society. Alan Reid is a Professor in the Department of Mathematics at The University of Texas at Austin. He is a former Royal Society University Research Fellow, Alfred P. Sloan Fellow and winner of the Sir Edmund Whittaker Prize from The Edinburgh Mathematical Society. Both authors have published extensively in the general area of discrete groups, hyperbolic manifolds and low-dimensional topology.

This text is based on graduate courses given by the authors on one of the most active areas of current research. It brings together much of the existing literature on arithmetic Kleinan groups in a clear and concise way, containing many examples and lots of problems.

Arvustused

From the reviews:









"In this book Machlachlan and Reid give a comprehensive treatment of hyperbolic 3-manifolds and Kleinian groups from the viewpoint of algebraic number theory. Throughout the book, Machlachlan and Reid use examples to motivate and illustrate the ideas they develop. This book is a welcome addition to the literature on Kleinian groups and hyperbolic geometry. It is both an accessible introduction to the number theoretic side of the field and a convenient source of reference material for the expert." (J. R. Parker, Proceedings of the Edinburgh Mathematical Society, Issue 48, 2005)



"This book is aimed at exposing readers to the specific techniques from algebra and number theory needed to effectively study arithmetic manifolds and orbifolds. The list of references is quite extensive, but even more useful are the Further Reading sections which comprise a carefully annotated bibliography of the field. This book fills a real void in the literature, providing working topologists and graduate students with an accessible introduction to the useful and beautiful world of arithmetic hyperbolic 3-manifolds and orbifolds." (Kerry N. Jones, Mathematical Reviews, 2004 i)



"The book gives a comprehensive introduction into the theory of quaternion algebras and its orders, deals with trace fields for Kleinian groups, a notion which allows us to determine the associated number field and quaternion algebra. The book is well written and is a substantial addition to the literature. It provides a suitable introduction into a deep area of research still under development." (J. Schwermer, Monatshefte für Mathematik, Vol. 145 (4), 2005)



"This is a book of great importance on the theory of hyperbolic manifolds (and Kleinian groups) since it is the first to provide a complete, precise, clearly-written and self-contained exposition of the arithmetic aspects of the theory. For this, the book fills a void inthe mathematics literature concerning hyperbolic geometry. The authors are two of the most fine mathematicians in the subject, and have made fundamental and beautiful contributions to the material included. the reviewer highly recommends this beautiful book ." (Alberto Cavicchioli, Zentralblatt MATH, Vol. 1025, 2003)



"This book is aimed at readers already familiar with the basics of hyperbolic 3-manifolds or Kleinian groups, and it is intended to introduce them to the interesting connections with number theory and the tools that will be required to pursue them. While there are a number of texts that cover the topological, geometric, and analytical aspects of hyperbolic 3-manifolds, this book is unique in that it deals exclusively with the arithmetic aspects, which are not covered in other texts." (LENSEIGNEMENT MATHEMATIQUE, Vol. 49, (1-2), 2003)

Muu info

Alan W. Reid is a winner of the Sir Edmund Whittaker Prize from The Edinburgh Mathematical Society.
Preface v
Noumber-Theoretic Menagerie
1(46)
Number Fields and Field Extensions
2(4)
Algebraic Integers
6(5)
Ideals in Rings of Integers
11(9)
Units
20(2)
Class Groups
22(2)
Valuations
24(5)
Completions
29(6)
Adeles and Ideles
35(4)
Quadratic Forms
39(8)
Kleinian Groups and Hyperbolic Manifolds
47(30)
PSL(2, C) and Hyperbolic 3-Space
47(3)
Subgroups of PSL(2, C)
50(5)
Hyperbolic Manifolds and Orbifolds
55(2)
Examples
57(5)
Bianchi Groups
58(1)
Coxeter Groups
59(1)
Figure 8 Knot Complement
59(1)
Hyperbolic Manifolds by Gluing
60(2)
3-Manifold Topology and Dehn Surgery
62(5)
3-Manifolds
63(1)
Hyperbolic Manifolds
64(1)
Dehn Surgery
65(2)
Rigidity
67(2)
Volumes and Ideal Tetrahedra
69(2)
Further Reading
71(6)
Quaternion Algebras I
77(34)
Quaternion Algebras
77(5)
Orders in Quaternion Algebras
82(5)
Quaternion Algebras and Quadratic Forms
87(4)
Orthogonal Groups
91(1)
Quaternion Algebras over the Reals
92(2)
Quaternion Algebras over P-adic Fields
94(4)
Quaternion Algebras over Number Fields
98(3)
Central Simple Algebras
101(4)
The Skolem Noether Theorem
105(3)
Further Reading
108(3)
Invariant Trace Fields
111(22)
Trace Fields for Kleinian Groups of Finite Covolume
111(3)
Quaternion Algebras for Subgroups of SL(2, C)
114(2)
Invariant Trace Fields and Quaternion Algebras
116(4)
Trace Relations
120(3)
Generators for Trace Fields
123(5)
Generators for Invariant Quaternion Algebras
128(2)
Further Reading
130(3)
Examples
133(32)
Bianchi Groups
133(1)
Knot and Link Complements
134(1)
Hyperbolic Fibre Bundles
135(2)
Figure 8 Knot Complement
137(3)
Group Presentation
137(1)
Ideal Tetrahedra
137(1)
Once-Punctured Torus Bundle
138(2)
Two-Bridge Knots and Links
140(2)
Once-Punctured Torus Bundles
142(1)
Polyhedral Groups
143(9)
Non-compact Tetrahedra
144(2)
Compact Tetrahedra
146(3)
Prisms and Non-integral Traces
149(3)
Dehn Surgery Examples
152(7)
Jørgensen's Compact Fibre Bundles
152(1)
Fibonacci Manifolds
153(3)
The Weeks-Matveev-Fomenko Manifold
156(3)
Fuchsian Groups
159(3)
Further Reading
162(3)
Applications
165(32)
Discreteness Criteria
165(3)
Bass's Theorem
168(5)
Tree of SL(2, Kp)
169(1)
Non-integral Traces
170(1)
Free Product with Amalgamation
171(2)
Geodesices and Totally Geodesic Surfaces
173(7)
Manifolds with No Geodesic Surfaces
173(1)
Embedding Geodesic Surfaces
174(2)
The Non-cocompact Case
176(2)
Simple Geodesics
178(2)
Further Hilbert Symbol Obstructions
180(3)
Geometric Interpretation of the Invariant Trace Field
183(6)
Constructing Invariant Trace Fields
189(5)
Further Reading
194(3)
Orders in Quaternion Algebras
197(28)
Integers, Ideals and Orders
197(3)
Localisation
200(5)
Discriminants
205(2)
The Local Case-I
207(2)
The Local Case - II
209(5)
Orders in the Global Case
214(3)
The Type Number of a Quaternion Algebra
217(6)
Further Reading
223(2)
Quaternion Algebras II
225(28)
Adeles and Ideles
226(3)
Duality
229(4)
Classification of Quaternion Algebras
233(4)
Theorem on Norms
237(1)
Local Tamagawa Measures
238(6)
Tamagawa Numbers
244(2)
The Strong Approximation Theorem
246(4)
Further Reading
250(3)
Arithmetic Kleinian Groups
253(22)
Discrete Groups from Orders in Quaternion Algebras
254(3)
Arithmetic Kleinian Groups
257(4)
The Identification Theorem
261(6)
Complete Commensurability Invariants
267(5)
Algebraic Integers and Orders
272(2)
Further Reading
274(1)
Arithmetic Hyperbolic 3-Manifolds and Orbifolds
275(30)
Bianchi Groups
275(2)
Arithmetic Link Complements
277(4)
Zimmert Sets and Cuspidal Cohomology
281(4)
The Arithmetic Knot
285(2)
Fuchsian Subgroups of Arithmetic Kleinian Groups
287(5)
Fuchsian Subgroups of Bianchi Groups and Applications
292(5)
Simple Geodesics
297(2)
Hoovering Up
299(3)
The Finite Subgroups A4, S4 and A5
299(1)
Week's Manifold Again
300(2)
Further Reading
302(3)
Discrete Arithmetic Groups
305(26)
Orthogonal Groups
306(4)
SO(3, 1) and SO(2, 1)
310(5)
General Discrete Arithmetic Groups and Margulis Theorem
315(7)
Reflection Groups
322(7)
Arithmetic Polyhedral Groups
325(1)
Tetrahedral Groups
326(1)
Prismatic Examples
327(2)
Further Reading
329(2)
Commensurable Arithmetic Groups and Volumes
331(40)
Covolumes for Maximal Orders
332(6)
Consequences of the Volume Formula
338(7)
Arithmetic Kleinian Groups with Bounded Covolume
338(2)
Volumes for Eichler Orders
340(1)
Arithmetic Manifolds of Equal Volume
341(1)
Estimating Volumes
342(1)
A Tetrahedral Group
343(2)
Fuchsian Groups
345(7)
Arithmetic Kleinian Groups with Bounded Covolume
345(1)
Totally Real Fields
346(1)
Fuchsian Triangle Groups
346(4)
Signatures of Arithmetic Fuchsian Groups
350(2)
Maximal Discrete Groups
352(4)
Distribution of Volumes
356(2)
Minimal Covolume
358(5)
Minimum Covolume Groups
363(5)
Further Reading
368(3)
Length and Torsion in Arithmetic Hyperbolic Orbifolds
371(44)
Loxodromic Elements and Geodesics
371(2)
Geodesics and Embeddings in Quaternion Algebras
373(4)
Short Geodesies, Lehmer's and Salem's Conjectures
377(6)
Isospectrality
383(11)
Torsion in Arithmetic Kleinian Groups
394(11)
Volume Calculations Again
405(5)
Volumes of Non-arithmetic Manifolds
410(3)
Further Reading
413(2)
Appendices
415(28)
Compact Hyperbolic Tetrahedra
415(1)
Non-compact Hyperbolic Tetrahedra
416(2)
Arithmetic Groups
416(1)
Non-arithmetic Groups
417(1)
Arithmetic Fuchsian Triangle Groups
418(1)
Hyperbolic Knot Complements
419(4)
Small Closed Manifolds
423(8)
Small Cusped Manifolds
431(5)
Arithmetic Zoo
436(7)
Non-compact Examples
436(3)
Compact Examples, Degree 2 Fields
439(1)
Compact Examples, Degree 3 Fields
440(1)
Compact Examples, Degree 4 Fields
441(2)
Bibliography 443(16)
Index 459