| 1 The Problem, the Questions It Raises, and the Path to Much-Needed Answers |
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1 | (54) |
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1 | (2) |
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1 | (2) |
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3 | (4) |
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The Concept of Stress and Its Drivers |
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7 | (2) |
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Leadership Attitudes to Stress |
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9 | (2) |
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Pilot Study Overview and Key Findings |
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11 | (3) |
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14 | (1) |
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Determining the Extent of the Problem of Stress Among CPMs |
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15 | (1) |
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Questions That Demanded Answers |
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15 | (1) |
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Finding the Answers to These Important Questions |
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16 | (2) |
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18 | (4) |
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22 | (1) |
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Semi-Structured Interviews-Collecting Data for Qualitative Analysis |
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22 | (1) |
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Expert Agreement with Qualitative Research Approach and Findings |
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23 | (1) |
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24 | (2) |
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26 | (1) |
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Participant Sourcing Confirms the Industry Problem Being Investigated |
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27 | (1) |
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The Paramount Importance of the Mixed Method Approach to this Work |
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28 | (1) |
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Qualitative Approach Contributions-Determining Reasons for the Problems |
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29 | (1) |
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Summarising the Mixed Method Approach |
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30 | (2) |
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Particularly Important Aspects of the Research Methodology |
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32 | (1) |
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Saturation Point in Qualitative Research |
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33 | (1) |
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34 | (1) |
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Research Rigour and Triangulation |
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35 | (1) |
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36 | (1) |
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37 | (1) |
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37 | (1) |
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38 | (4) |
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Revisiting the Phase Parallels |
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42 | (1) |
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43 | (12) |
| 2 Coming to Grips with, and Getting to Understand the Problem |
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55 | (70) |
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55 | (1) |
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The Nature of Psychological Stress |
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56 | (2) |
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Stress and the General Adaption Syndrome |
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58 | (2) |
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Sources of Stress in the Construction Environment, and Effects on Relationships |
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60 | (1) |
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60 | (2) |
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Psychological and Physiological Aspects of Stress |
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62 | (2) |
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Particularising Stress to the Construction Professions Environment |
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64 | (2) |
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Basic Science Behind Psychological Stress |
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66 | (3) |
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69 | (2) |
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Stress and Metabolic Syndrome |
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71 | (1) |
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Workplace Stress Specifically |
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72 | (6) |
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Profile of the Australian Construction Industry |
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78 | (1) |
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Actions, Taken and Required, by the Australian Construction Industry |
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78 | (2) |
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The Impact of Workplace Stress |
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80 | (2) |
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Impact of Stress on International Economies |
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82 | (4) |
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The Cost of Workplace Stress in Australia |
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86 | (1) |
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Stress Effects from Long Working Hours |
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87 | (4) |
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The Extent of Problem Recognition, and Action Being Taken Within Construction at Large |
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91 | (3) |
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94 | (3) |
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Support and Locus of Control Impacts on Stress |
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97 | (2) |
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99 | (1) |
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100 | (1) |
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101 | (24) |
| 3 Understanding What the Data Told About the Problem |
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125 | (56) |
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125 | (2) |
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127 | (1) |
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Description of the Participants Sample |
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128 | (4) |
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Detailed Constitution of Final Participant Sample |
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128 | (1) |
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129 | (1) |
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Participants' Gender Within Role Types |
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130 | (1) |
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Participants' Level of Education |
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130 | (1) |
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Participants' Income Levels |
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131 | (1) |
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Participants' Personal Attitudes to Stress |
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132 | (1) |
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Statistics Regarding Personal Attitudes to Stress (to Test Hypothesis 1) |
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133 | (1) |
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Descriptive Statistics Relating to the First Hypothesis |
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134 | (1) |
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Stress Management Training Within the Workplace |
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135 | (1) |
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Statistics Regarding Stress Management Training (to Test Hypothesis 2) |
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136 | (1) |
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Descriptive Statistics Regarding Second Hypothesis |
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137 | (3) |
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Descriptive Statistics Regarding APIS (All Personnel Being Trained to Identify Stress Effects/Symptoms) |
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140 | (2) |
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Descriptive Statistics Regarding Whether Participants Believed an Employee Assistance Programme Was Sufficient for Their Organisation-(EAPS) |
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142 | (1) |
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Participants' Personal Attitudes Towards Stress Management |
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143 | (1) |
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Effect of Organisation Size and Participants' Role Type on Attitude to Training Staff in Stress Avoidance and Management (to Test Hypothesis 3) |
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144 | (5) |
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Stress Management/Intervention Strategies in the Work Environment |
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149 | (1) |
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So What Stress Avoidance and Stress Management Systems Do Organisations Have in Place? (To Test of Hypothesis 4) |
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150 | (1) |
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Descriptive Statistics for ESAP |
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150 | (5) |
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Descriptive Statistics Regarding Participants' Organisations Having an Employee Stress Management Programme in Place |
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155 | (1) |
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Descriptive Statistics Regarding Existence of a Confidential Employee Assistance Programme |
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156 | (2) |
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Absenteeism Due to Stress Related Issues or Illness |
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158 | (1) |
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Descriptive Statistics Regarding Absenteeism Due to Stress |
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159 | (2) |
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Inferential Statistics Regarding Absenteeism |
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161 | (1) |
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Personal Experience of Stress-Related Issues |
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162 | (1) |
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Inferential Statistics Relating to PSPM |
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162 | (1) |
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Descriptive Statistics Relating to PSPM |
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162 | (2) |
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Additional Statistics Regarding Stress Levels Experienced Over the Month Prior to Completing the Survey |
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164 | (1) |
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Participants' Management of Stress (to Test Hypothesis 5) |
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165 | (1) |
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Participants' Approach to Dealing with Stress-Medication |
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166 | (1) |
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Participants' Rating of Effectiveness of Medication |
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167 | (1) |
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Inferential Statistics-Participants' Approach to Dealing with Stress-Lifestyle Approaches |
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168 | (2) |
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Participants' Rating of Stress Management Techniques Employed |
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170 | (1) |
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Sources of Stress for Participants |
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171 | (1) |
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Inferential Statistics Relating to Causes of Stress |
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171 | (1) |
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Work-Related Causes of Stress |
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172 | (1) |
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Descriptive Statistics-Non-Work-Related Causes of Stress |
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173 | (1) |
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Impact of Stress on Ability to Perform at Work |
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174 | (1) |
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Inferential Statistics Regarding Impact of Stress on Ability to Perform at Work |
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175 | (1) |
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Descriptive Statistics Relating to Stress Impact on Ability to Perform at Work |
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175 | (5) |
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180 | (1) |
| 4 What Is Causing Stress Among Construction Project Managers? |
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181 | (64) |
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181 | (1) |
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Qualitative Data Analysis |
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182 | (4) |
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Qualitative Analysis-Categories and Themes |
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186 | (3) |
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Analysis of Categories and Themes |
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189 | (48) |
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Category
1. Intense or Major Life Experience |
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189 | (14) |
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Category
2. Specifically Work/Employer Contributions to Stress |
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203 | (11) |
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Category
3. Work-life Balance Issues |
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214 | (6) |
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Category
4. Locus of Control Aspects of Stress |
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220 | (6) |
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Category
5. Industry Contributors to Stress |
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226 | (11) |
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237 | (6) |
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243 | (1) |
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243 | (2) |
| 5 Where to from Here for Construction Project Managers? |
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245 | (44) |
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245 | (1) |
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Contextualising the Importance of the Study |
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246 | (2) |
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Discussion of Data Analysis Findings in Relation to Whether CPMs Held Different Attitudes to the Main Causes of Stress Than Other Professionals |
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248 | (1) |
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Discussion Regarding CPMs' Attitudes to Causes of Stress |
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248 | (12) |
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Salient Findings Regarding this Hypothesis |
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248 | (2) |
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Conclusions Regarding the Findings |
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250 | (1) |
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Discussion Regarding Staff Training and Attitudes to Assistance Programmes |
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250 | (3) |
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Discussion About What Should Be Done in Relation to Stress Avoidance and Management |
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253 | (2) |
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Discussion About Participants' Knowledge Regarding the Stress Avoidance/Management Programmes Their Organisations Had in Place |
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255 | (3) |
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Discussion Regarding Participants Private Use of Stress Management Techniques |
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258 | (2) |
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Summary of Discussion of Findings |
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260 | (1) |
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260 | (8) |
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Introduction to General Discussion |
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268 | (1) |
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Addressing the Main Issues |
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268 | (4) |
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Problems at the Management-CPM Interface |
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268 | (3) |
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Lack of Control and Stress Effects |
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271 | (1) |
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Discussion of General Observations |
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272 | (1) |
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273 | (2) |
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Conclusions-Important and Requiring Industry Attention |
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275 | (1) |
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Recommendations for Future Research |
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276 | (1) |
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Study Weaknesses and Limitations |
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277 | (1) |
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Implications of this Research |
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277 | (1) |
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278 | (5) |
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A Final Review of Will and Clare's Situation |
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283 | (2) |
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285 | (4) |
| Index |
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289 | |
Lisainfo e-raamatute kohta