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E-raamat: Australian Uniform Evidence Law

(University of New England, Australia), (University of New England, Australia), (University of New England, Australia), (Australian National University, Canberra), (Monash University, Victoria)
  • Formaat: PDF+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 22-Feb-2019
  • Kirjastus: Cambridge University Press
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781108576000
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Australian Uniform Evidence LawSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: PDF+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 22-Feb-2019
  • Kirjastus: Cambridge University Press
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781108576000
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Australian Uniform Evidence Law offers a practical, clear and student-friendly introduction to the law of evidence and its operation across Uniform Evidence Act jurisdictions. Using a logical structure, with the Evidence Act 1995 (Cth) as its point of reference, this text introduces basic concepts before leading into more detailed coverage of the Act. Curated cases and excerpts from the legislation, with clear summaries and explanations of the rules, help students understand the application of the Act. Practice problems at the end of each chapter provide students with the opportunity to test their knowledge of each topic. Additionally, a 'Putting it all together' chapter at the end of the text challenges students with complex problems. Guided solutions, a summary of the key points discussed, key terms and definitions, and guides to further reading are included for each chapter. Providing clear explanation and engaging examples, this highly readable text is an essential resource for students.

Australian Uniform Evidence Law offers a student-friendly introduction to the law of evidence and its operation across Uniform Evidence Act jurisdictions. Using the Evidence Act 1995 (Cth) as its point of reference, this text introduces basic concepts first and then leads students into more detailed coverage of the Act.

Arvustused

'I completed an LLB [ Hons] last year and have just finished my PLT coursework through the College of Law with an HD average, but have always struggled with evidence Law - much to my embarrassment, it was my worst subject at university! I came across a positive reference to your book and bought it for future reference. Now that I have finished my PLT coursework, that time has come. Right from the start, I was able to follow the book - it is well written and makes perfect sense, right from the definition of evidence given at the start. As I want to eventually become a barrister, I know that evidence is most important: thanks to your text, I now feel confident that I can tackle this important legal topic.' Seraphina Goldsmith, The College of Law

Muu info

Australian Uniform Evidence Law offers an introduction to the law of evidence and its operation across Uniform Evidence Act jurisdictions.
Preface xv
Table of cases xvii
Table of statutes xxxiii
Acknowledgements xliv
1 Introduction 1(22)
1.1 Introduction
1(1)
1.2 What is evidence?
2(2)
1.2.1 Evidence law
3(1)
1.2.2 Principles versus rules
3(1)
1.3 Background to the Act
4(2)
1.3.1 Structure of the Act
5(1)
1.3.2 Practical effect of the Act
5(1)
1.4 Preliminary concepts
6(14)
1.4.1 Criminal versus civil proceedings
6(2)
1.4.2 Order of court proceedings
8(1)
1.4.3 Functions of judge and jury
9(1)
1.4.4 Burden and standard of proof: sections 140-2
10(4)
Burden of proof
10(1)
Standard of proof
10(2)
A Victorian variation
12(2)
1.4.5 Judicial notice: sections 143-5
14(1)
1.4.6 Formal admissions: section 184
15(1)
1.4.7 Preliminary questions - the voir dire: section 189
16(1)
1.4.8 Waiver: section 190
17(1)
1.4.9 Judicial directions and leave: section 192
18(1)
1.4.10 Advance rulings and findings: section 192A
19(1)
1.4.11 Appeals
19(1)
1.5 Types and forms of evidence
20(1)
Key points
21(1)
Key terms and definitions
21(1)
Further reading
22(1)
2 Adducing evidence 23(67)
2.1 Introduction
24(1)
2.2 Calling a witness
24(1)
2.3 Presumption of competence and compellability: section 12
25(1)
2.4 Competence: section 13
26(10)
2.4.1 Children and witnesses who are cognitively impaired
29(3)
2.4.2 Alternative arrangements for giving evidence
32(4)
Adult complainants
32(1)
Children and complainants who are cognitively impaired
33(3)
2.5 Compellability
36(6)
2.5.1 Defendant: section 17
36(1)
2.5.2 Defendant's family: section 18
37(8)
Exclusion of s 18
42(1)
2.6 Oaths and affirmations: sections 21 and 23-4
42(3)
2.7 Questioning of witnesses
45(1)
2.7.1 Parties and the judge: sections 26-9
45(1)
2.7.2 Counsel
46(1)
2.8 Examination-in-chief
46(20)
2.8.1 Prohibition of leading questions
46(2)
2.8.2 Reviving memory: sections 32-5
48(6)
In court
48(3)
Police officers
51(2)
Out of court
53(1)
2.8.3 Unfavourable witnesses: section 38
54(12)
2.9 Cross-examination
66(15)
2.9.1 Leading questions: section 42
67(1)
2.9.2 Improper or disallowable questions: section 41
68(7)
Northern Territory and Victoria: improper questioning and vulnerable witnesses
69(6)
2.9.3 The rule against prior consistent statements
75(1)
2.9.4 Exceptions to the rule against prior consistent statements: section 108(3)
76(1)
2.9.5 Prior inconsistent statements: sections 43-5
77(2)
2.9.6 The rule in Browne v Dunn
79(2)
2.10 Re-examination: section 39
81(2)
2.10.1 Rebuttal and reopening
81(10)
Civil cases
82(1)
Criminal cases
82(1)
2.11 Documents and adducing documents: section 48
83(2)
Key points
85(2)
Key terms and definitions
87(1)
Further reading
88(1)
Practice problem
89(1)
3 Relevance 90(26)
3.1 Introduction
90(1)
3.2 Different types of relevance
91(9)
3.2.1 Directly relevant evidence
91(1)
3.2.2 Indirectly relevant evidence
91(9)
3.3 Defining relevance
100(12)
3.3.1 The common law
100(2)
Legal relevance
100(2)
3.3.2 The Act: sections 55-6
102(1)
Logical relevance
102(1)
3.3.3 Judicial discretions: sections 135-7
103(9)
3.4 Provisional evidence: sections 57-8
112(1)
Key points
113(1)
Key terms and definitions
114(1)
Further reading
114(1)
Practice problems
114(2)
4 Hearsay 116(65)
4.1 Introduction
117(1)
4.2 The common law
118(3)
4.2.1 Express and implied assertions
118(2)
4.2.2 Non-hearsay purpose at common law
120(1)
4.3 The Act: section 59
121(5)
4.3.1 Representation
122(1)
4.3.2 Previous representation
122(1)
4.3.3 Asserted fact
123(1)
4.3.4 Made by a person
123(1)
4.3.5 Intended to assert
123(3)
4.4 Hearsay purpose
126(10)
4.4.1 Non-hearsay purpose: section 60
131(5)
4.5 Exceptions to the hearsay rule
136(31)
4.5.1 Competency: section 61
136(1)
4.5.2 First-hand hearsay: section 62
137(1)
4.5.3 Civil proceedings - maker of the statement is not available: section 63
138(1)
4.5.4 Civil proceedings - maker of the statement is available: section 64
139(1)
4.5.5 Criminal proceedings - maker of the statement is not available: section 65
140(17)
Made under a duty: section 65(2)(a)
140(1)
Made when or shortly after ... unlikely that the representation is a fabrication: section 65(2)(b)
140(3)
Highly probable that the representation is reliable: section 65(2)(c)
143(3)
Against the interests of the person: section 65(2)(d)
146(8)
Previous representation adduced by a defendant: section 65(8)
154(3)
Evidence of a previous representation about a matter ... adduced by a defendant: section 65(9)
157(1)
4.5.6 Criminal proceedings - maker of the statement is available: section 66
157(10)
4.6 Contemporaneous mental and physical states
167(3)
4.6.1 The common law
167(2)
Statements of intention
168(1)
State of mind
168(1)
Emotional state of mind
168(1)
Knowledge
169(1)
4.6.2 The Act: section 66A
169(1)
4.7 Business records: section 69
170(8)
4.7.1 Tags, labels and writing: section 70
176(1)
4.7.2 Electronic communications: section 71
177(1)
Key points
178(1)
Key terms and definitions
178(1)
Further reading
179(1)
Practice problems
179(2)
5 Opinion 181(23)
5.1 Introduction
181(1)
5.2 Defining opinion evidence
182(2)
5.3 The opinion rule: section 76
184(2)
5.4 Exception - dual relevance: section 77
186(1)
5.5 Exception - lay opinions: section 78
187(4)
5.6 Exception - expert opinions: section 79
191(8)
5.6.1 Basis rule
194(3)
5.6.2 Expert opinion basis and hearsay
197(1)
5.6.3 Procedural issues
198(1)
5.7 Other admissible opinions
199(1)
5.8 Scope of application - ultimate issue and common knowledge: section 80
200(1)
Key points
201(1)
Key terms and definitions
202(1)
Further reading
202(1)
Practice problems
202(2)
6 Admissions 204(55)
6.1 Introduction
205(1)
6.2 What is an admission?
205(4)
6.2.1 Exception to the hearsay and opinion rules: section 81
206(1)
6.2.2 Personal knowledge: section 82
207(1)
6.2.3 No application against third parties without consent: section 83
208(1)
6.3 Admissions and confessions made in police custody
209(9)
6.3.1 Electronic recording
209(8)
6.3.2 In the course of official questioning
217(1)
6.4 Voluntariness and reliability of admissions
218(18)
6.4.1 The common law
218(1)
6.4.2 The Act
219(17)
Violent, oppressive, inhuman or degrading conduct: section 84
219(1)
Reliability of admissions: section 85
220(14)
Exclusion of records of oral questioning: section 86
234(1)
Authority to make statements: section 87
234(2)
Proving admissions: section 88
236(1)
6.5 Statements and conduct that amount to admissions
236(8)
6.5.1 Implied admissions made in civil proceedings
237(1)
6.5.2 Implied admissions made in criminal proceedings
238(6)
Pre-trial silence: section 89
238(3)
Silence at trial: section 20
241(1)
Jury directions in Victoria
242(2)
6.6 Discretions to exclude admissions
244(12)
6.6.1 The unfairness discretion: section 90
245(9)
6.6.2 The case of Haddara
254(2)
Key points
256(1)
Key terms and definitions
256(1)
Further reading
257(1)
Practice problems
258(1)
7 Tendency and coincidence 259(73)
7.1 Introduction
260(1)
7.2 When the rules do not apply
260(3)
7.2.1 Non-application: section 94
260(2)
Evidence of credibility of witness
261(1)
Bail or sentencing
261(1)
Fact in issue
261(1)
7.2.2 Use of evidence for other purposes: section 95
262(1)
7.2.3 Use of evidence to prove good character
263(1)
7.3 Formal requirements: sections 97-100
263(44)
7.3.1 Purpose
263(4)
Tendency and/or coincidence purpose
263(2)
Tendency reasoning in civil cases
265(1)
Tendency reasoning in criminal cases
265(1)
Coincidence reasoning in civil cases
266(1)
Coincidence reasoning in criminal cases
267(1)
7.3.2 Notice
267(3)
7.3.3 Significant probative value
270(37)
A How is 'significant probative value' assessed?
270(36)
B Should the court assume the truthfulness and reliability of the evidence?
306(1)
7.4 Further restrictions in criminal cases: section 101
307(18)
7.4.1 Probative value versus prejudicial effect
307(11)
7.4.2 Collusion, concoction or contamination
318(2)
7.4.3 Prejudicial effect
320(5)
7.5 Competing with other inferences
325(1)
7.6 Judicial directions
325(3)
7.6.1 Jury directions in Victoria
326(2)
Key points
328(1)
Key terms and definitions
329(1)
Further reading
329(1)
Practice problems
330(2)
8 Credibility 332(29)
8.1 Introduction
332(1)
8.2 The collateral nature of credibility evidence
333(2)
8.3 What is credibility evidence?
335(6)
8.3.1 Current definition: section 101A
335(2)
8.3.2 Redefining credibility evidence under the Act
337(4)
8.4 The credibility rule: section 102
341(1)
8.5 Exceptions to the credibility rule
342(13)
8.5.1 Evidence adduced in cross-examination: section 103
342(3)
8.5.2 Evidence adduced in cross-examination of an accused: section 104
345(2)
8.5.3 Evidence in rebuttal of denials: section 106
347(3)
8.5.4 Evidence to re-establish credibility: section 108
350(3)
8.5.5 Expert opinion on a witness's credibility: section 108C
353(2)
8.6 Credibility of non-witnesses
355(3)
8.6.1 Evidence about a person who has made a previous representation: section 108A
355(1)
8.6.2 Previous representations of an accused: section 108B
356(2)
Key points
358(1)
Key terms and definitions
358(1)
Further reading
359(1)
Practice problems
359(2)
9 Character 361(26)
9.1 Introduction
361(1)
9.2 The common law and character
362(2)
9.3 Credibility and character in the Act
364(1)
9.4 Character evidence: section 110
364(14)
9.4.1 Evidence of good character and judicial directions
366(7)
9.4.2 Character in a particular respect
373(5)
9.5 Rebuttal of evidence of good character
378(6)
9.5.1 Evidence about character of co-accused: section 111
378(1)
9.5.2 Leave to cross-examine about character of accused or co-accused: section 112
379(5)
Key points
384(1)
Key terms and definitions
384(1)
Further reading
385(1)
Practice problems
385(2)
10 Identification evidence 387(24)
10.1 Introduction
387(1)
10.2 Defining identification evidence
388(3)
10.2.1 Types of identification evidence
389(5)
Visual identification and picture identification
389(1)
In-court identification
389(1)
Out-of-court identification
389(1)
Formal identification procedures
390(1)
10.3 The common law and identification parades
391(3)
10.4 Visual identification evidence: section 114
394(5)
10.4.1 Exclusion
396(1)
10.4.2 The 'reasonableness' condition
396(3)
10.5 Picture identification evidence: section 115
399(2)
10.5.1 Pictures of people in police custody
400(1)
10.5.2 Exclusion
401(1)
10.5.3 Warnings
401(1)
Unreliability
401(1)
10.6 Special caution: section 116
401(3)
10.6.1 Jury directions in Victoria
403(1)
10.7 The displacement effect
404(5)
10.7.1 The role of section 137
406(3)
Key points
409(1)
Key terms and definitions
409(1)
Further reading
409(1)
Practice problem
410(1)
11 Privileges 411(69)
11.1 Introduction
412(1)
11.2 Client legal privilege
413(25)
11.2.1 The common law
414(2)
11.2.2 Definitions: section 117
416(8)
'Lawyer'
417(5)
'Client'
422(1)
'Employee or agent'
422(1)
Confidentiality
423(1)
11.2.3 Dominant purpose test
424(4)
11.2.4 Legal advice privilege: section 118
428(2)
'Communication' and 'document'
428(1)
Copy documents
429(1)
11.2.5 Litigation privilege: sections 119-20
430(1)
11.2.6 Invoking client legal privilege
431(1)
11.2.7 General loss of privilege: section 121
432(1)
11.2.8 Waiver: section 122
433(4)
11.2.9 Other causes of loss of privilege: sections 123-6
437(1)
11.3 Professional confidential privilege: section 126B
438(3)
11.3.1 Medical communications
439(2)
11.4 Sexual assault communications privilege: sections 126H and 127B
441(3)
11.5 Journalist privilege: section 126K
444(2)
11.6 Religious confessions: section 127
446(1)
11.7 Privilege against self-incrimination
446(7)
11.7.1 The common law
446(3)
11.7.2 The Act: sections 128-128A
449(4)
11.8 Judicial reasons: section 129
453(1)
11.9 Public interest immunity
454(12)
11.9.1 The common law 454
Class claims and contents claims
454(9)
11.9.2 The Act: section 130
463(1)
11.9.3 Matters of state
464(2)
Security, defence or international relations of Australia
465(1)
Investigation and prosecution
465(1)
Proper functioning of government
465(1)
Interest in disclosure
466(1)
Factors to take into account
466(1)
11.10 Settlement negotiations
466(8)
11.10.1 The common law
466(6)
11.10.2 The Act: section 131
472(2)
11.11 Pre-trial, trial and non-judicial proceedings: section 131A
474(3)
11.12 General procedural issues
477(1)
Key points
477(1)
Key terms and definitions
478(1)
Further reading
479(1)
Practice problem
479(1)
12 Discretionary and mandatory exclusions 480(49)
12.1 Introduction
481(1)
12.2 General discretion to exclude evidence: section 135
482(3)
12.2.1 'Unfairly prejudicial'
483(1)
12.2.2 'Misleading or confusing'
483(1)
12.2.3 'Undue waste of time'
484(1)
12.3 General discretion to limit the use of evidence: section 136
485(1)
12.4 Mandatory exclusion of evidence in criminal proceedings: section 137
486(15)
12.4.1 'Probative value'
487(10)
12.4.2 'Unfair prejudice'
497(4)
Procedural unfairness
501(1)
12.5 Discretion to exclude improperly or illegally obtained evidence
501(15)
12.5.1 The common law
501(8)
12.5.2 The Act
509(7)
Discretion to exclude improperly or illegally obtained evidence: section 138
509(6)
Cautioning of persons: section 139
515(1)
12.6 Corroboration
516(2)
12.6.1 The common law
516(2)
12.6.2 The Act: section 164
518(1)
12.7 Unreliable evidence
518(8)
12.7.1 Warning in relation to unreliable evidence: section 165
518(3)
Warnings in relation to unreliable evidence in Victoria
519(2)
12.7.2 Warnings in relation to children's evidence: section 165A
521(2)
Warnings in relation to children's evidence in Victoria
521(2)
12.7.3 Delay in prosecution: section 165B 522 Delay in prosecution in Victoria
523(3)
Key points
526(1)
Key terms and definitions
527(1)
Further reading
527(1)
Practice problem
528(1)
13 Facilitation of proof and ancillary matters 529(12)
13.1 Introduction
529(1)
13.2 Facilitation of proof
529(5)
13.2.1 The common law
530(1)
13.2.2 General: sections 146-52
530(2)
13.2.3 Matters of official record: sections 153-9
532(1)
13.2.4 Post and communications: sections 160-3
532(2)
13.3 Ancillary provisions
534(4)
13.3.1 Requests: sections 166-9
534(1)
13.3.2 Affidavits: sections 170-3
535(1)
13.3.3 Foreign law: sections 174-6
535(2)
13.3.4 Procedures for proving other matters: sections 177-81
537(1)
13.4 Miscellaneous matters
538(1)
Key points
539(1)
Key terms and definitions
539(1)
Further reading
539(1)
Practice problem
539(2)
14 Putting it all together 541(5)
Suggested answers to practice problems 546(14)
Index 560
Fiona Hum is a Lecturer in the Faculty of Law, Monash University, Victoria. Bronwen Jackman is a Lecturer in the Law School, University of New England, Australia. Ottavio Quirico is a Senior Lecturer in the Law School, University of New England, Australia. Gregor Urbas is a barrister at Blackburn Chambers in the Australian Capital Territory, and a Visitor at the Australian National University, Canberra. Kip Werren is a Lecturer in the Law School, University of New England, Australia.
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