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E-raamat: Beyond Crises: Overcoming Linguistic and Cultural Inequities in Communities, Schools, and Classrooms

  • Formaat: PDF+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 28-Jan-2021
  • Kirjastus: Corwin Press Inc
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781071844670
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  • Formaat: PDF+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 28-Jan-2021
  • Kirjastus: Corwin Press Inc
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781071844670

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What are some lessons learned from the pandemic?

We learned that, in times of crises, the humanitarian needs of students, families, and ourselves must be a top priority. 

We learned that forming effective partnerships with families and communities is essential to the health and well-being of our children.

We were offered a blunt reminder that a system designed to serve the interests of a privileged few was destined to fail our historically underserved students, especially our millions of multilingual learners.

Above all, we learned that the “normal” many of us have yearned for was never good enough—that we must envision a “better world,” where we build on our multilingual students’ unique assets and cultivate their inner brilliance. Only then will we deliver on their promise.

It’s this “better world,” a world in which communities, schools, and classrooms work together as a “whole-child ecosystem,” Beyond Crises: Overcoming Linguistic and Cultural Inequities in Communities, Schools, and Classrooms sets out to create. Taking a look from the outside in, Debbie Zacarian, Margarita Calderón, and Margo Gottlieb address three critical arenas:

1.       Imagining Communities describes how to design and enact strengths-based family and community partnerships, including the critical importance of identifying, valuing, and acknowledging each member’s assets and competencies, and the ways recent crises have amplified their struggles.

2.       Imagining Schools takes an up-close look at policies, structures, and now irrelevant ways of schooling that call for change and how we might reconfigure professional development to ensure every teacher and administrator is dedicated to the well-being and success of our multilingual learners.

3.       Imagining Classrooms demonstrates how to optimize learning opportunities—both virtual and face-to-face—so our diverse students grow cognitively, linguistically, and social-emotionally, and accentuate their talents in knowing and using multiple languages in linguistically and culturally sustainable environments.

“Student and family, classroom, school, and local community are not silos unto themselves,” Debbie, Margarita, and Margo insist. “They are part of a larger whole that is interrelated and interconnected and, even, interdependent on each other. By forming stronger alliances, we can realize the power of truly working, socializing, and flourishing together.” Beyond Crises is the first critical step forward.

Arvustused

"This timely and unique volume from Zacarian, Calderón, and Gottlieb, three of the most renowned masters in the field of teaching culturally and linguistically diverse students, spotlights the critical need for collaborative relationships between communities, schools, and classrooms to engage in advocacy for equitable educational opportunities for all learners. It guides the reader through a journey of reflection by making connections to ones own experiences with relationship building as well as identifying action steps to strengthen partnerships. It also invites the reader to imagine ways to be open to change and make things happen! This book is a must read for anyone who works with this special student population." -- Maria Dove "Through witnessing the pandemics detrimental effects on English learners, Im left grasping for a silver lining. I need to know how to make sense of what has happened, to learn from the challenges and heartbreak, and to thoughtfully move forward. Beyond Crises comes at just the right time. Through compelling student stories, anecdotes from fierce advocates, and spot-on reflection questions and tools, the authors guide us to reimagine education for ELs." -- Diane Fenner "Beyond Crises: Overcoming Linguistic and Cultural Inequities in Communities, Schools, and Classrooms is just the resource administrators, instructional leaders, and educators in all walks of life need! This timely book by the powerful trio--Debbie Zacarian, Margarita Calderón, and Margo Gottlieb--is destined to pave the way for imagining and re-imagining our communities, schools, and classrooms in a post-crisis world. Their unapologetic call-for-action is to overturn racial, cultural and linguistic inequitiesthis book will show you how!" -- Andrea Honigsfeld "What a superb and relevant discussion of how we as educators and servants can take our colleagues, our students and their families to the next level. Debbie, Margarita, and Margo have done a great job combining practical, critical practices, and partnerships with perfect examples of why we as educators do what we do. Youll want to buy two, one for yourself and one to share." -- Shawn Slakk "By using voices from communities, schools, and classrooms, Beyond Crisis re-envisions how systems can move away from deficit-based paradigms. The practical and new ways of re-imagining presented in this book highlight and inspire a call to action that encourages strengths-based partnerships to acknowledge assets and competencies within systems. Beyond Crisis is a relevant and responsive book that motivates hope and empathy to address polarizing and chaotic times in our nation." -- Ivannia Soto "Beyond Crisis is the humanizing, empowering book we need right now!  Read it for a compelling vision and action steps to move beyond crisis and create the interconnected schools and communities our multilingual learners deserve." -- Tonya Ward Singer

List of Figures and Resources
xii
Foreword xv
Dan Alpert
Acknowledgments xviii
About the Authors xix
Introduction 1(6)
PART I IMAGINING COMMUNITIES
Chapter 1 Designing and Enacting Strengths-Based Communities
7(18)
Designing and Enacting Strengths-Based Communities
12(2)
Moving From Deficits to Assets
12(2)
A Whole Community, District, School, Classroom Approach!
14(6)
Shining a Light on Inequities
16(1)
Listening, Really Listening!
17(1)
Moving Away From Using Too Much Information
18(1)
Cultivating a Collaborative Culture
18(1)
Learning Lessons From Crises
19(1)
Identifying Strengths, Interests, and Needs
20(1)
Envisioning Strengths-Based Roles
20(5)
The Role of the State
21(1)
The Role of District Personnel
22(1)
The Role of the School Principal
23(1)
The Role of a Site Coordinator
23(1)
The Role of Classroom and Specialist Teachers
23(1)
The Role of Bilingual-Bicultural Translators
23(2)
Chapter 2 Sustaining a Whole-Child Ecosystem
25(26)
Being In It Together
25(4)
Strategically Building External Partners
29(6)
Bringing Partners Together
31(3)
Celebrating Successes of Community Partnerships
34(1)
Coordinating Partnership Efforts
35(9)
Designating a Point Person/Coordinator
35(3)
Five Characteristics of a Coordinator
38(2)
Identifying Needs, Desires, and Opportunities
40(4)
Understanding Developmental Influences of Interactions
44(7)
Ever-Expanding Circles of Interactions
44(2)
Barriers, Challenges, and Constraints of Isolation
46(3)
Moving From Isolation to Integration
49(2)
Chapter 3 Striving for Interdependent Interconnected Communities
51(24)
Creating Structures for Community Partnerships
51(2)
Forging Partnerships at Enrollment
53(2)
Mapping a Systemic Approach
55(2)
Building Community Resources
57(3)
Identifying Interests, Desires, and Needs
60(3)
Using Asset-Based Interactions
63(4)
Engaging in Collaborative Assessment
67(8)
PART II IMAGINING SCHOOLS
Chapter 4 Designing and Enacting Strengths-Based Schools
75(24)
Designing and Enacting Schools
78(12)
Commitment to ELs' Academic Achievement
78(1)
Commitment to Their Teachers' Expedient Support
79(1)
Commitment to the School Administrative Leaders' Efforts
79(2)
The Role of the School District
81(1)
The Role of a Principal
82(1)
The Role of the Dean/EL Resource
82(2)
The Role of the ESL/Dual Language/English Language Development Teacher
84(1)
The Role of the Core Content Teacher
85(1)
The Linked Role of Co-teachers
85(2)
The Role of the Instructional Coach
87(1)
The Role of All Students
88(1)
The Role of the Community Liaison and Families
88(1)
The Partnership With Families and Caretakers
88(2)
Projecting Barriers and Challenges
90(9)
The State and Federal Policies
90(2)
An Example: The Virginia State Department of Education
92(1)
Beyond Crises: The School District Can Begin to Move Beyond the Status Quo
92(1)
Beyond Crises: The Need to Retool Everyone at the School
92(2)
Beyond Crises: Co-teaching Reconfigured
94(2)
Beyond Crises: Curriculum and Materials
96(1)
Beyond Crises: Erase the Pandemic Divide
96(3)
Chapter 5 Sustaining Growth and Momentum in Schools
99(30)
Envisioning a Perfect Opportunity for a New Beginning
99(1)
We Have to Change Anyway!
99(1)
More Collegiality: Better Co-teaching
99(1)
Here's to a Better Normal: Co-teachers Keeping the Flow
99(1)
Co-teaching Vocabulary
100(1)
Co-teaching Reading
101(1)
Co-teaching Writing
102(3)
Beyond Crises: More Peer and Expert Coaching
105(1)
The Role of Instructional Coaches
105(1)
Teachers Invite the Coaches and Specify Their Need
106(1)
Whole-School Teachers Learning Communities
106(2)
A Space for Courageous Conversations
107(1)
Sustaining Productive TLCs
107(1)
Administrators Learning Communities (ALCs)
108(4)
More Student Interaction
112(4)
Enhancing Oracy and Discourse
112(1)
Virtually Speaking
113(1)
Developing Vocabulary and Verbal Summarization With Peers
114(2)
More Family Interaction
116(1)
Social-Emotional Learning for Everyone
117(2)
SEL for Students
117(2)
Cooperative/Collaborative Learning, SEL, and Interaction
119(1)
Cooperative and Collaborative Learning
119(1)
SEL for Teachers' Resilience and Well-Being
119(1)
Principals' Resilience and Well-Being
120(1)
A District's and Principal's Dilemma: Teacher Evaluation
120(2)
Sustaining Quality Implementation: Professional Development and Follow-Up Support
122(1)
Research-Based Professional Development and Follow-Up Support Systems
122(1)
Designing an Effective Professional Development Program
123(6)
The Features of Effective Professional Development
123(1)
Follow-Up Support System
123(1)
Why Professional Development Does NOT Work
124(5)
Chapter 6 Striving for Interdependence and Interconnections in Schools
129(16)
Interdependence and Interconnections
129(4)
A New Beginning: Overcoming Inequities in Our Schools
133(7)
Forecasting Positive Change
140(5)
PART III IMAGINING CLASSROOMS
Chapter 7 Designing and Enacting Strengths-Based Classrooms
145(30)
Designing and Enacting Classroom Change
149(26)
Characterizing Ideal Classrooms
149(13)
Envisioning Teachers as Caretakers
162(13)
Chapter 8 Sustaining Momentum and Growth in Classrooms
175(24)
Challenging Issues
175(17)
The Challenge of Federal and State Laws That Impact Schools and Classrooms
177(3)
The Challenge of District Policies That Are Not Inclusive of Students and Families
180(6)
The Challenge of Curriculum That Doesn't Reflect Our Students and Families
186(3)
The Challenge of High-Stakes Assessment
189(2)
The Challenge of Systemic Racism and Linguicism That Pervade Society
191(1)
Extending Opportunities for Engagement
192(7)
The Opportunity for More Collegiality, Respect, and Trust Among Educators
192(1)
The Opportunity for More Collaboration Among Teachers, Students, and Family Members
193(2)
The Opportunity for Using More Modes of Communication
195(1)
The Opportunity for More Empathy and Compassion to Contextualize Learning
196(1)
The Opportunity for More Student Ownership of Data
196(3)
Chapter 9 Striving for Interconnections Among Communities, Schools, and Classrooms
199(19)
Advancing Teaching and Learning
200(7)
Advancing Teaching and Learning by Promoting Agency
200(2)
Advancing Teaching and Learning by Building Students' Metacognitive, Metalinguistic, and Metacultural Awareness
202(1)
Advancing Teaching and Learning by Emphasizing Collaboration
203(4)
Advancing Teaching and Learning by Envisioning Efficacy in Education
207(1)
Overcoming Educational Inequities
207(11)
Coordinating Education of Promise, Not Compromise
208(2)
The Coming Together of Communities, Schools, and Classrooms
210(3)
Co-constructing a Future for Schooling Through the Lens of Equity
213(2)
Optimizing Conditions for Fostering Teaching and Learning
215(1)
Overcoming Linguistic and Cultural Disparities
216(2)
References 218(4)
Index 222
Dr. Debbie Zacarian, founder of Zacarian & Associates, provides professional development, strategic planning, and technical assistance for K-16 educators of culturally and linguistically diverse populations. She has served as an expert consultant for school districts, universities, associations, and organizations including the Massachusetts Parent Information Resource Center and Federation for Children with Special Needs.

Debbie has worked with numerous state and local education agencies and written the language assistance programming policies for many rural, suburban, and urban districts.  Debbie served on the faculty of University of Massachusetts-Amherst where she co-wrote and was the co-principal investigator of a National Professional Development grant initiative supporting the professional preparation of educators of multilingual learners.  Debbie also designed and taught courses for pre- and in-service administrators and teachers on culturally responsive teaching and supervision practices, multilingual development, and ethnographic research.  In addition, she served as a program director at the Collaborative for Educational Services where she provided professional development for thousands of educators of multilingual students and partnered with Fitchburg State University in co-writing and enacting a National Professional Development initiative that supported STEM education. Debbie also directed the Amherst Public Schools bilingual and English learner programming where she and the district received state and national honors. 

The author of more than 100 publications, her most recent professional books include: Beyond Crises: Overcoming Linguistic and Cultural Inequities in Communities. Schools and Classrooms; Responsive Schooling for Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Students; Teaching to Empower: taking action to foster student agency, self-confidence, and collaboration; and Teaching to Strengths: Supporting Students living with Trauma, Violence and Chronic Stress.  

Dr. Margarita Espino Calderón, born and raised in Juárez, is a Professor Emerita/Senior Research Scientist at Johns Hopkins University. Her research and development projects have been funded by the US Department of Education, National Institutes of Health, the US Department of Labor, The Carnegie Corporation of New York, and various State Offices of Education.

One of her empirical studies The Bilingual Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition (BCIRC) is featured in the What Works Clearinghouse. The Carnegie Corporation of New York funded her five-year study to develop Expediting Comprehension for English Language Learners (ExC-ELL) to train math, science, social studies, language arts, and ESL teachers on integrating language, reading, and content in core content middle and high school classrooms. With a Title III National Professional Development grant, she implemented A Whole-School Approach to Professional Development with ExC-ELL in Loudoun County, VA. She replicated this approach in 29 schools in TX and NC. She served on the National Literacy Panel for Language Minority Children and Youth, the Carnegie Corporation of New York Panel on English Language Adolescent Literacy Panel, among other panels and national committees. She has over 100 publications on language, literacy, and professional development. In 2025, Margarita was inducted into the Multilingual Education Hall of Fame.  Margo Gottlieb, Ph.D., has been a bilingual teacher, coordinator, facilitator, consultant, and mentor across K-20 settings. Having worked with universities, organizations, governments, states, school districts, networks, and schools, Margo has co-constructed linguistic and culturally sustainable curriculum and reconceptualized classroom assessment, policy, and practice. As co-founder and lead developer of WIDA at the University of Wisconsin-Madison in 2003, Margo has helped design and contributed to all the editions of WIDAs English and Spanish language development standards frameworks and their derivative products. She has been appointed to national and state advisory boards, served as a Fulbright Senior Scholar, and was honored by the TESOL International Association in 2016 for her significant contribution to the field. An avid traveler, Margo has enjoyed keynoting and presenting across the United States, territories, and 25 countries. Having authored, co-authored, or co-edited over 100 publications, including 22 books, Margos 3rd edition of Assessing Multilingual Learners: Bridges to Empowerment (2024) and Collaborative Assessment for Multilingual Learners and Teachers: Pathways to Partnerships (with A. Honigsfeld, 2025) are the latest additions to her Corwin compendium.

In 2025, Margo was inducted into the Multilingual Education Hall of Fame.