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E-raamat: Bilingualism and Cognitive Control

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This thought-provoking monograph makes a multidisciplinary case for bilingualism as a possible enhancer of executive function, particularly cognitive control. Its central focus is the cognitive operations of the bilingual brain in processing two languages and whether they afford the brain a greater edge on neuroplasticity—in short, a cognitive advantage. Major issues and controversies in the debate are analyzed from cognitive neuroscience, psycholinguistic, and integrative perspectives, with attention paid to commonly and rarely studied domains at work in bilingual processing. The author also pinpoints future areas for improved research such as recognizing the diversity of bilingualism, not simply in languages spoken but also in social context, as seen among immigrants and refugees.

Included in the coverage:

  • The evolution of bilingualism.
  • What goes on in a bilingual mind? The core cognitive mechanisms.
  • Cognitive advantage of bilingualism and its criticisms.
  • Neuroscience of bilingualism.
  • Bilingualism, context, and control.
  • Attention, vision, and control in bilinguals.

With its cogent takes on ongoing questions and emerging issues, Bilingualism and Cognitive Control is of immediate interest to bilingual researchers and practitioners interested in understanding the behavioral aspects and neurobiology of bilingualism and the dynamic character of the bilingual/multilingual/second language learner’s mind, as well as the growing number of advanced undergraduate and graduate students interested in the psychology/psycholinguistics of bilingualism, bilingual cognitive psychology, cognitive science, and cognitive neuroscience.                                                                                                    


1 Introduction
1(18)
1.1 The Bilingual Advantage Question
4(5)
1.2 The Components of Control
9(2)
1.3 Structure of the Book
11(3)
1.4 Summary
14(5)
References
15(4)
2 The Evolution of Bilingualism
19(26)
2.1 Introduction
19(3)
2.2 Emergence of Language: Mutation Versus Gradual?
22(2)
2.3 Archaeological Proxies and the Evolution of Complex Cognition
24(7)
2.4 Contextualising the Brain
31(1)
2.5 Development of Attention and Brain Networks
32(6)
2.6 Summary
38(7)
References
39(6)
3 What Goes on in a Bilingual Mind? The Core Cognitive Mechanisms
45(22)
3.1 The Cognitive Basis of Bilingualism
45(1)
3.2 What Goes on in a Bilingual Mind?
45(16)
3.2.1 Translation
45(4)
3.2.2 Inhibition
49(3)
3.2.3 Task Switching
52(3)
3.2.4 Monitoring
55(3)
3.2.5 Attentional Disengagement
58(3)
3.3 Summary
61(6)
References
62(5)
4 Cognitive Advantage of Bilingualism and Its Criticisms
67(24)
4.1 Is There Any Cognitive Advantage of Bilingualism?
67(2)
4.2 Replication
69(1)
4.3 Publication Bias in Bilingualism Cognitive Advantage Research
70(4)
4.4 Core Challenges Against the Advantage Theory
74(4)
4.5 Cognitive Reserve, Bilingualism and Replication Failures
78(7)
4.6 Summary
85(6)
References
86(5)
5 Neuroscience of Bilingualism
91(22)
5.1 Cortical Representation of L1 and L2
91(3)
5.2 The Switching Bilingual Brain
94(3)
5.3 Executive Control and the Bilingual Brain
97(4)
5.4 Cultural Neuroscience and Bilingualism
101(4)
5.5 Studying the Cultural Brain and Bilingualism
105(3)
5.6 Summary
108(5)
References
108(5)
6 Bilingualism, Context and Control
113(20)
6.1 Context, Environment and Bilingualism
113(1)
6.2 Adaptive Bilinguals
114(1)
6.3 Faces, Scenes and Interference
115(3)
6.4 Presence of Interlocutors
118(8)
6.5 Interlocutors and Control
126(3)
6.6 The Advantage Debate and the Interactive Model
129(1)
6.7 Summary
130(3)
References
131(2)
7 Attention, Vision and Control in Bilinguals
133(24)
7.1 The Shades of Attention
133(2)
7.2 Visuospatial Attention, Eye Movements and Action
135(2)
7.3 Attention, Bilingualism and Advantage
137(2)
7.4 Attentional Disengagement
139(2)
7.5 Eye Movements, Attention and Control
141(4)
7.6 Language, Vision, Attention and Control
145(3)
7.7 Attention, Culture and Bilingualism
148(3)
7.8 Summary
151(6)
References
151(6)
8 Conclusion
157(22)
8.1 Summarising the Facts
157(6)
8.2 Areas for Future Research
163(11)
8.2.1 Individual Difference, Executive Functions and Bilingualism
163(4)
8.2.2 Performing Bilingualism and Advantage Research in the real world
167(2)
8.2.3 The Challenges of Globalisation, Migration and Conflict
169(3)
8.2.4 Finding a Coherent Framework
172(1)
8.2.5 New Frontiers: Beyond Executive Control
173(1)
8.3 Summary
174(5)
References
175(4)
Index 179
Ramesh Kumar Mishra is a cognitive scientist and chair of the Center for Neural and Cognitive Sciences, University of Hyderabad, a major research university of India. He has published widely in the areas of attention, visual processing, bilingualism and language processing. He has also published on literacy and its influence on cognition. He has edited or authored three books (Mishra, 2015; Mishra, Huettig, & Srinivasan, 2015; Mishra & Srinivasan, 2011) so far in the area of language-vision interaction.  He is also an editorial board member of Bilingualism: Language and Cognition. His dual expertise in cognitive psychology (attention, vision and executive control) and psycholinguistics of bilingualism (language non-selective activation, visual world eye tracking) helps him to explore in-depth the cognitive science angle to the bilingual advantage effect.  He is the Editor-in-Chief of the International Journal of Cultural Cognitive Science (Springer) and is a fellow of the Psychonomic Society.