| Preface |
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xiii | |
| About the Author |
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xvii | |
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Chapter 1 Biological Wastewater Treatment Processes |
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1 | (32) |
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1.1 Polluting Parameters In Wastewaters |
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1 | (2) |
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3 | (9) |
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4 | (1) |
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5 | (2) |
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7 | (5) |
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1.3 The Role Of Biological Processes In Wastewater Treatment |
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12 | (1) |
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1.4 Microorganisms' Growth On Substrates |
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13 | (2) |
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1.5 Other Phenomena Occurring In Biological Wastewater Treatment Processes |
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15 | (2) |
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1.5.1 Hydrolysis of Slowly Biodegradable Substrates |
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15 | (1) |
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1.5.2 Endogenous Metabolism and Maintenance |
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16 | (1) |
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1.6 Anaerobic Digestion Model |
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17 | (1) |
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1.7 Process Schemes For Biological Wastewater Treatment |
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18 | (10) |
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1.7.1 Activated Sludge Processes |
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18 | (4) |
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1.7.2 Sequencing Batch Reactor |
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22 | (1) |
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1.7.3 Attached Growth Processes |
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23 | (2) |
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1.7.4 Anaerobic Digestion |
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25 | (2) |
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1.7.5 The Sharon® and Anammox Processes |
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27 | (1) |
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1.8 General Assumptions Made In This Book |
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28 | (1) |
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29 | (4) |
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Chapter 2 Modelling Processes in Biological Wastewater Treatment |
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33 | (92) |
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33 | (42) |
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35 | (1) |
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2.1.1.1 Stoichiometry of Anabolism |
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36 | (6) |
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2.1.1.2 Stoichiometry of Catabolism |
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42 | (2) |
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2.1.1.3 Overall Growth Stoichiometry |
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44 | (11) |
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55 | (1) |
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55 | (5) |
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2.1.2.2 Hydrolysis of Slowly Biodegradable Substrates |
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60 | (2) |
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2.1.2.3 Endogenous Metabolism |
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62 | (1) |
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2.1.2.4 Values of the Kinetic Parameters |
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63 | (1) |
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2.1.3 Overall Rate Equations for Generation and Removal of Substrates and Products |
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64 | (7) |
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2.1.3.1 Use of the COD Balance for the Calculation of the Rate Equations |
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71 | (4) |
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75 | (7) |
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2.2.1 Correlations for the Mass Transfer Coefficients |
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79 | (2) |
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2.2.2 Power and Efficiency for Aerators |
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81 | (1) |
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82 | (18) |
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85 | (2) |
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2.3.2 Equilibrium of Carbonic Acid |
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87 | (2) |
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89 | (8) |
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97 | (3) |
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100 | (7) |
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2.4.1 Filamentous Bulking |
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105 | (2) |
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2.5 Heat Generation And Heat Transfer |
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107 | (11) |
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107 | (6) |
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113 | (5) |
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2.6 Removal Of Xenobiotics In Biological Processes |
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118 | (3) |
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118 | (1) |
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119 | (1) |
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120 | (1) |
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121 | (4) |
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Chapter 3 Mass Balances, Energy Balances and Parameter Estimation |
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125 | (56) |
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125 | (16) |
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3.1.1 Mass Balances in Batch Reactors |
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125 | (14) |
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3.1.2 Mass Balances in Continuous Reactors |
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139 | (2) |
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141 | (16) |
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3.2.1 Enthalpy Balances for Batch Systems |
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141 | (11) |
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3.2.2 Enthalpy Balances for Continuous Systems |
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152 | (5) |
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157 | (20) |
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3.3.1 Estimation of the Endogenous Metabolism Coefficient b by Batch Tests |
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158 | (1) |
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3.3.2 Estimation of Kinetic Parameters on a Readily Biodegradable Substrate by Batch Tests |
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159 | (2) |
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3.3.2.1 Intermittent Aeration Procedure |
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161 | (4) |
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3.3.2.2 Continuous Aeration Procedure |
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165 | (2) |
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3.3.3 Estimation of Kinetic Parameters with a Real Wastewater by Batch Tests |
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167 | (2) |
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3.3.4 Estimation of Kinetic Parameters on Readily Biodegradable Substrates by Continuous Reactors |
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169 | (2) |
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3.3.5 Estimation of Kinetic Parameters under Anoxic Conditions |
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171 | (3) |
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3.3.6 Estimation of Kinetic Parameters for Anaerobic Microorganisms |
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174 | (3) |
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177 | (4) |
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Chapter 4 The Activated Sludge Process |
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181 | (132) |
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4.1 The Activated Sludge Process For Carbon Removal |
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181 | (73) |
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4.1.1 Effect of the Choice of the Design Parameters on the Design Results |
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186 | (9) |
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4.1.2 Effect of the Values of the Kinetic Parameters on the Design Results |
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195 | (8) |
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4.1.3 Aeration Requirements in the Activated Sludge Process |
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203 | (9) |
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4.1.3.1 Effect of the Operating Parameters of the Plant on the Aeration Requirements |
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212 | (11) |
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4.1.4 Calculation of the Required Area of the Settling Tank |
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223 | (4) |
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227 | (14) |
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4.1.6 Extension to Slowly Biodegradable Substrates |
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241 | (7) |
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4.1.7 The Activated Sludge Process as a Series of CSTRs |
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248 | (6) |
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4.2 The Activated Sludge Process For Carbon And Nitrogen Removal |
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254 | (16) |
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4.2.1 pH Calculation in the Activated Sludge Process for Carbon and Nitrogen Removal |
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265 | (5) |
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4.3 The Activated Sludge Process For Filamentous Bulking Control |
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270 | (12) |
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4.3.1 Activated Sludge with Selector for Bulking Control |
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276 | (6) |
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4.4 Removal Of Xenobiotics In The Activated Sludge Process |
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282 | (7) |
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4.4.1 Effect of the Process Operating Parameters on the Xenobiotics Removal |
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284 | (5) |
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4.5 Further Examples On The Activated Sludge Process |
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289 | (17) |
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306 | (7) |
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Chapter 5 The Anaerobic Digestion Process |
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313 | (50) |
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5.1 The Anaerobic Digester As A CSTR Without Recycle |
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313 | (21) |
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5.1.1 Effect of the HRT on the Anaerobic Digestion Process |
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320 | (8) |
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5.1.2 Calculation of pH in Anaerobic Digesters |
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328 | (6) |
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5.2 Extension To Complex Substrates |
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334 | (9) |
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5.3 Anaerobic Digestion With Biomass Recycle |
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343 | (8) |
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5.3.1 Effect of the Choice of the Design Parameters on the Design Results |
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347 | (4) |
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5.4 Temperature Calculation In Anaerobic Digestion |
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351 | (8) |
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359 | (4) |
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Chapter 6 The Sequencing Batch Reactor |
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363 | (36) |
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6.1 The Sequencing Batch Reactor For Carbon Removal |
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363 | (20) |
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6.1.1 Effect of the Choice of the Design Parameters on the Performance of the SBR |
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370 | (7) |
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6.1.2 Calculation of the Oxygen Profile during the SBR Cycle |
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377 | (2) |
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6.1.3 Extension to Slowly Biodegradable Substrates |
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379 | (4) |
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6.2 SBR For Carbon And Nitrogen Removal |
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383 | (5) |
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6.2.1 Effect of the Choice of the Operating Parameters on the Design of the SBR for Carbon and Nitrogen Removal |
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387 | (1) |
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388 | (5) |
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6.4 Further Examples On The Sbr Process |
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393 | (4) |
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397 | (2) |
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Chapter 7 Attached Growth Processes |
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399 | (20) |
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400 | (11) |
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7.1.1 Aerobic Packed Bed Processes |
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400 | (3) |
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7.1.1.1 Effect of the Choice of the Design Parameters |
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403 | (3) |
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7.1.2 Anaerobic Packed Bed Reactors |
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406 | (3) |
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7.1.2.1 Effect of the Choice of Design Parameters |
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409 | (2) |
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7.2 Rotating Biological Reactors |
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411 | (4) |
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7.2.1 Choice of the Design Parameters |
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414 | (1) |
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7.3 Further Examples On Attached Growth Processes |
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415 | (2) |
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417 | (2) |
| Appendix A |
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419 | (4) |
| Appendix B |
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423 | (8) |
| Appendix C |
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431 | (4) |
| Appendix D |
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435 | (2) |
| Appendix E |
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437 | (20) |
| Bibliography |
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457 | (2) |
| Index |
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459 | |