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E-raamat: Building Science Graphics: An Illustrated Guide to Communicating Science through Diagrams and Visualizations

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Building Science Graphics: An illustrated guide to communicating science through diagrams and visualizations is a practical guide for anyone—regardless of previous design experience and preferred drawing tools—interested in creating science-centric illustrated explanatory diagrams. Starting with a clear introduction to the concept of information graphics and their role in contemporary science communication, it then outlines a process for creating graphics using evidence-based design strategies. The heart of the book is composed of two step-by-step graphical worksheets, designed to help jump-start any new project. This is both a textbook and a practical reference for anyone that needs to convey scientific information in an illustrated form for articles, poster presentations, slide shows, press releases, blog posts, social media posts and beyond.



Building Science Graphics: An illustrated guide to communicating science through diagrams and visualizations is both a textbook and a practical guide for anyone—regardless of previous design experience and preferred drawing tools—interested in creating science-centric illustrated explanatory diagrams.

Arvustused

"This book is a masterclass in the field of scientific visualization. Ms. Christiansens approach is insightful, approachable, thorough, and inclusive. There is something here for everyone, from the true novice to those who have been practicing scientific visualization for years. Each page is bursting with useful and interesting content. As an unsurprising bonus, the books design is a delight; it is a pleasure to read and peruse the images and layout. I strongly recommend this book for anyone interested in what it takes to create visuals that effectively and beautifully communicate science." -- Jill K Gregory, MFA, CMI; President, Association of Medical Illustrators; Associate Director of Instructional Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai.

"Much like a successful science graphic, Building Science Graphics delivers compelling information on many different levels. From quick tips to deep dives, Christiansen shares well researched, clear examples, as well as actionable workflows and memorable anecdotes from her career. A great read and valuable resource for designers and researchers alike." -- Beth Rakouskas, Creative Director, Science

"Whenever Jen Christiansen was the art director for an article I was editing, I knew that no matter how imposing the illustrative challenge, she would find a visually stunning way to bring it to glorious, lucid life. In her hands, explanatory illustrations sing out a tale of discovery, one that inspires with the grace and elegance of its comprehension. With this marvellous book, Jen generously shares her approach to beautiful, informative design, and it does something I once wouldnt have imagined was possible: It makes me appreciate and love her work even more." -- John Rennie, Deputy editor, Quanta Magazine; Former editor-in-chief, Scientific American; Adjunct instructor, Arthur L. Carter Journalism Institute, New York University.

"This beautifully illustrated book is like a Swiss Army Knife all the necessary tools of the trade are there, and they fit together seamlessly. Communicating science visually has unique challenges and considerations, which makes this book a must-read for creators of science visuals. The step-by-step approach is accessible to all levels, from students to researchers to professional artists and designers." -- Kelly Krause, Creative Director, Nature.

"This book will help readers and practitioners understand how to apply design principles during the process of developing and producing information graphics for diverse audiences, and offers perspectives about the design processes employed by graphics editors." -- Spencer Barnes, Associate Professor, Hussman School of Journalism and Media, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

"I love this approachits as methodical as good science. Breaking it down into manageable chunks is one thing, turning those chunks into an actual workflow is much more important and that is in here. Trying to find resources that go through a methodical approach to designing information graphics is difficult. Trying to find ones that go beyond basic charts and into in-depth illustrations is even harder." -- Mark E. Johnson, Senior lecturer, Grady College of Journalism and Mass Communication, University of Georgia.

"Working with scientists and researchers myself, one of the many questions I get asked is where and how to startthis book will help to answer some of those questions and concerns. The fact that it is written by Jen Christiansen adds real value. The book is explained in a cohesive and logical way. This will allow the reader to follow the process, as you would for real, building an infographic from scratchstep-by-step." -- Nigel Hawtin, information design consultant; former Graphics Editor, New Scientist.

"Jen Christiansens book is a compelling resource with helpful visual strategies and suggestions to create effective scientific illustrated explanatory diagrams. The extended step-by-step visual worksheets are must-haves for both expert and non-specialist audiences interested in visually communicating science. Her clarity and level of detail to articulate each step combined with her specialized guidance on how to work with design principles make this book one of its kind." --Sheila Pontis, Sense Information Design, and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA.

"The book provides a practical guide targeted at individuals without an explicit art/design background and tailored towards the need of science communication. I consider this a very worthwhile endeavor and believe that many scientists (including my graduate students and myself) will draw considerable utility from this book." --Stefan Bruckner, Professor of visualization, Department of Informatics of the University of Bergen.

"Meticulously written and intricately designed... Building Science Graphics will be most valuable in education establishments. It should be on the reading list of every science communication MSc and every communication design BA course. -- Book Review, Eye Magazine, 14 December, 2023

"An excellent resource for scientific illustration students, scientists who want to improve their visual-creation skills, and science communication enthusiasts. It would make an excellent introductory textbook for any visual science communication or illustration course/program, and it certainly belongs in the library of any sci-artist." -- Book Review, Journal of Natural Science Illustration, Vol. 55, No. 2

"Building Science Graphics is a very clear and accessible guide to visual science communication that still honours the complexity of this field." -- Book Review, Journal of Science Communication, 22 (05)

"Many of the ideas and frameworks are applicable to data visualization. I especially recommend this book as a resource to anyone in the field of science communicationits a very comprehensive guide with beautiful examples and clear guidance from an author whose expertise clearly comes through along with her deep reflections on design, process, and the field as a whole." -- Book Review, Nightingale Magazine, February 16, 2023

Series Foreword xv
Alberto Cairo
Tamara Munzner
Preface xvii
My Point of View xvii
Motivation xix
Audience xx
What's in This Book xxi
What's Not in This Book xxii
PART 1 Underpinning
1 Introduction
3(10)
2 What Are Science Graphics?
13(10)
A Closer Look: The Information Graphics Continuum
20(1)
More to Explore
20(3)
3 Science Communication Fundamentals
23(22)
The Science of Science Communication
26(9)
Mode-Centric Framework
30(2)
Community-Centric Framework
32(1)
Goal-Centric Framework
33(1)
Inclusion-Centric Framework
33(2)
Storytelling
35(1)
SciArt
36(1)
How do Graphics Fit in?
37(6)
More to Explore
43(2)
4 Graphic Design Fundamentals
45(6)
More to Explore
49(2)
5 Perception Science
51(10)
Vision versus Perception
52(3)
Attention
55(3)
More to Explore
58(3)
6 Making Sense Of Visual Complexity
61(8)
Relationships
62(1)
A Closer Look: Visual Gestalt Principles
62(2)
Symbols
64(1)
A Closer Look: Bertin's Visual Variables
65(1)
Arrows
66(3)
7 Organization And Emphasis
69(28)
Composition
70(5)
Grids and Alignments
75(5)
Negative Space
80(2)
Visual Hierarchy
82(5)
Flow of Information
87(1)
Demonstration: Composition Makeover
88(2)
Demonstration: Academic Poster Design
90(7)
8 Color
97(16)
Approaching Color Critically
99(1)
A Closer Look: Color Jargon, Translated
100(4)
Strategies for Using Color
104(5)
More to Explore
109(1)
Demonstration: Color Makeover
110(3)
9 Typography
113(14)
Legibility and Readability
114(1)
A Closer Look: Typography Jargon, Translated
115(5)
Hierarchy
120(3)
More to Explore
123(1)
Demonstration: Typography Makeover
124(3)
10 Visual Style
127(10)
Immediately Visible Context
130(1)
Familiar Visual Vocabulary
131(1)
Welcoming Gesture
132(3)
A Closer Look: From Figurative to Abstract
135(2)
11 Storytelling Strategies
137(14)
Graphics as the Primary Medium
138(5)
Strategy 1 Use an Immediately Recognizable Narrative Form
138(1)
Strategy 2 Introduce Characters
138(4)
Strategy 3 Include a Narrator
142(1)
Graphics as the Secondary Medium
143(4)
Strategy 1 Show, Don't Tell
143(2)
Strategy 2 Use Graphics to Present a more Complete Story
145(1)
Strategy 3 Use Graphics to Pull a Reader through the Story
146(1)
Graphics as the Principal Character
147(2)
More to Explore
149(2)
12 Practicalities
151(22)
Tools
152(5)
Analog
153(1)
Digital
154(2)
Guides and Worksheets
156(1)
File Settings
157(2)
Color
157(1)
FileType
158(1)
A Closer Look: FileType Overview
159(3)
Image Resolution and Size
160(2)
Audience
162(4)
Accessibility
166(3)
Print
166(1)
Online
167(2)
More to Explore (Accessibility)
169(1)
Timeline
169(4)
PART 2 Illustrating Science
13 Special Considerations For Science Graphics
173(24)
Honoring Complexity
174(4)
Providing Context
178(4)
Strategy 1 Annotate the Primary Source Material
179(2)
Strategy 2 Fold Background Information into the Main Graphic
181(1)
Strategy 3 Include a Primer Box
181(1)
Combating Misinformation
182(1)
Communicating Uncertainty and Unknowns
183(12)
Measurement and Scale
185(1)
Location
185(3)
Relationships and Connections
188(2)
Process
190(1)
Past and Future
190(1)
Decision Making
190(5)
More to Explore
195(2)
14 Types Of Science Graphics
197(14)
Descriptive Imagery
198(1)
Process Diagrams
199(2)
Instructional Guides
201(1)
Organizational Charts
202(1)
Thought Experiment Vignettes
202(1)
Comparisons
203(2)
Summary--or Multi-Part--Graphics
205(1)
More to Explore
206(5)
PART 3 D.I.Y. (Do It Yourself)
15 The Process Of Building Graphics
211(42)
Stage 1 Establish the goal of the graphic
213(1)
Stage 2 Content research
213(1)
Stage 3 Concept sketch development
214(1)
Stage 4 Concept sketch review
215(1)
Stage 5 Tight sketch development
215(1)
Stage 6 Tight sketch review
216(1)
Stage 7 Final graphic
216(1)
Stage 8 Final graphic review
216(1)
Case Study: Ebola
216(6)
Case Study: Greening Disease
222(2)
Case Study: Dark Matter
224(6)
More to Explore
230(1)
Q & A: Audience Feedback and Field Research: A Conversation with Sheila Pontis
231(3)
Spotlight: Eleanor Lutz's "Flowchart of Viral Families"
234(3)
Spotlight: How Will Stahl-Timmins Makes Graphics for The BMJ
237(5)
Spotlight: Octopus Graphic for Rotunda Magazine, by 5W Infographic
242(3)
Spotlight: How Lucy Reading-Ikkanda Breaks Down Cutting-Edge Research
245(8)
16 Step-By-Step Guide For Building Your Own Science Graphic
253(20)
Flowchart
254(19)
17 Step-By-Step Guide For Adapting Your Graphic For A Different Purpose
273(20)
Reformatting a Graphic
274(4)
Rethinking a Graphic for a Different Setting
278(4)
Rethinking a Graphic for a Different Audience
282(2)
Flowchart
284(9)
PART 4 Joint Efforts
18 Collaborations
293(26)
Co-Authorship
294(1)
When and How to Work with Design Professionals
295(3)
How to Find a Designer or Artist
295(1)
How to Commission a Graphic
296(2)
Constructive Critiques
298(4)
Types of Feedback
299(1)
High Quality Feedback
300(2)
More to Explore
302(2)
Q & A: Collaborating with Scientists: Thoughts from Designer Angela Morelli
304(15)
Q&A: Collaborating with Artists: Thoughts from Scientist Stephen Brusatte
307(2)
Q&A: Collaborating with Scientists within an Institution: Thoughts from Medical Illustrator Ni-ka Ford
309(3)
Q & A: Collaborating within a Studio Setting: A Conversation with Sonya Amin
312(3)
Q&A: Critiquing Science Graphics: Thoughts from Designer Vassilissa Semouchkina
315(4)
Epilogue 319(2)
Acknowledgments 321(4)
Index 325
Jen Christiansen is a senior graphics editor at Scientific American, where she art directs and produces illustrated information graphics and data visualizations. She completed undergraduate studies in geology and art at Smith College, then happily merged the two disciplines in the scientific illustration graduate program at the University of California, Santa Cruz. She began her publishing career in New York at Scientific American in 1996, moved to Washington DC to join the art department of National Geographic, spent four years as a freelance science communicator, then returned to Scientific American in 2007. She writes and presents on topics ranging from reconciling her love for art and science, to her quest to learn more about the pulsar chart on Joy Division's Unknown Pleasures album cover.