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E-raamat: Cantonese GIVE and Double-Object Construction: Grammaticalization and word order change

(The Education University of Hong Kong)
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Cantonese GIVE and Double-Object Construction: Grammaticalization and word order changeSuurem pilt
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"GIVE is a versatile morpheme in many languages. While there have been extensive studies on the interplay between the syntax and semantics of GIVE in many languages, not much has been done in a similar manner on Cantonese, a member of the Yue dialect group of the Chinese language family. This monograph reports on the study of GIVE and its associated functions and syntactic constructions in Cantonese from diachronic, synchronic, and typological perspectives. Drawing on cross-linguistic data, and 19th century Cantonese dialect materials, this study first traces the chronological development of the various functions played by GIVE in Cantonese. It then examines the double-object construction. Besides the typological features of this construction in Cantonese, this study investigates the use of the northern pattern in Cantonese as a result of the increasing influence of Putonghua and Modern Standard Chinese by means of a sociolinguistic survey with 40 native speakers of Cantonese"--

GIVE is a versatile morpheme in many languages. While there have been extensive studies on the interplay between the syntax and semantics of GIVE in many languages, not much has been done in a similar manner on Cantonese, a member of the Yue dialect group of the Chinese language family. This monograph reports on the study of GIVE and its associated functions and syntactic constructions in Cantonese from diachronic, synchronic, and typological perspectives. Drawing on cross-linguistic data, and 19th century Cantonese dialect materials, this study first traces the chronological development of the various functions played by GIVE in Cantonese. It then examines the double-object construction. Besides the typological features of this construction in Cantonese, this study investigates the use of the northern pattern in Cantonese as a result of the increasing influence of Putonghua and Modern Standard Chinese by means of a sociolinguistic survey with 40 native speakers of Cantonese.

Arvustused

This book is one of the most valuable references on Cantonese linguistics. Simply looking at the table of contents, the eight (!) appendices, and the bibliography, one could already sense the tremendous amount of work that the author has conducted for this study. The amount of historical Cantonese texts consulted and analyzed is second to none, the range of Chinese dialects consulted is impressive, and the experiment stimuli were cleverly thought out. -- Hilário de Sousa, École des hautes études en sciences sociales, in Asian Languages and Linguistics 4:1 (2023)

Abstract ix
Glossary and transcriptions xi
Acknowledgements xiii
Part I Grammaticalization of GIVE in Cantonese
Chapter 1 Introduction
3(14)
1.1 The double-object verb GIVE and its linguistic features
3(2)
1.2 GIVING in the linguistic sense
5(2)
1.3 Terminology: Double-object, ditransitive, three- place predicate and dative
7(3)
1.4 Syntactic realization of double-object construction
10(4)
1.4.1 Word order of IO and DO
10(1)
1.4.2 Marked and unmarked double-object constructions
11(3)
1.5 Other syntactic functions performed by GIVE
14(2)
1.6 Organization of this book
16(1)
Chapter 2 Multi-functionality of GIVE in Chinese dialects and neighboring non-Sinitic languages: An areal-typological perspective
17(22)
2.1 Linguistic situation of Southeast Asia
17(4)
2.1.1 Relationship between Chinese and Southeast Asian languages
17(3)
2.1.2 The Southeast Asian linguistic area
20(1)
2.2 A survey of GIVE in Chinese dialects
21(7)
2.2.1 The Yue dialects
21(1)
2.2.2 The Hakka dialects
22(1)
2.2.3 The Min dialects
23(2)
2.2.4 The Gan dialects
25(1)
2.2.5 The Xiang dialects
25(1)
2.2.6 The Wu dialects
26(1)
2.2.7 The Mandarin dialects
27(1)
2.3 Multiple forms of GIVE as a result of language contact
28(5)
2.3.1 Inter-dialectal influence
28(1)
2.3.2 Inter-lingual influence
29(4)
2.4 Multi-functionality of GIVE in Chinese dialects and neighboring non-Sinitic languages
33(3)
2.4.1 Linguistic contact between Northern dialects and Altaic languages
33(1)
2.4.2 Linguistic contact between Southern dialects and Southeast Asian languages
34(2)
2.5 Multi-functions of GIVE in world's languages
36(1)
2.5.1 As an IO marker or a beneficiary marker
36(1)
2.5.2 As a causative verb
36(1)
2.5.3 As a passive marker (and a causative marker)
37(1)
2.6 Summary
37(2)
Chapter 3 Grammaticalizalion of GIVE in Cantonese
39(16)
3.1 What is grammaticalization?
39(2)
3.2 Grammaticalization of GIVE
41(10)
3.2.1 As an indirect object marker
41(1)
3.2.2 As a beneficiary marker
41(2)
3.2.3 As a causative verb
43(2)
3.2.4 As a passive marker
45(4)
3.2.5 As a verb introducing instruments
49(2)
3.3 Summary
51(4)
Chapter 4 Diachronic development of GIVE and its functions in Cantonese
55(50)
4.1 Studying the language of the past with authentic textual materials
55(3)
4.2 Pre-modern Cantonese dialect materials
58(2)
4.3 Functions of GIVE in pre-modern Cantonese
60(39)
4.3.1 As a double-object verb
61(12)
4.3.2 As a causative verb
73(1)
4.3.3 As an IO marker
74(16)
4.3.4 As a passive marker
90(5)
4.3.5 As a verb introducing instruments
95(4)
4.4 Summary
99(6)
Part II Word order change in Cantonese double-object construction
Chapter 5 Word order typology of the double-object construction in Chinese dialects
105(20)
5.1 Typological features in Northern and Southern Chinese grammar
105(2)
5.2 Typology of double-object construction in Chinese dialects
107(2)
5.2.1 The IO DO pattern
107(1)
5.2.2 The DO IO pattern
108(1)
5.3 Syntactic stratification in double-object construction
109(1)
5.4 Double-object construction in Beijing Mandarin
110(9)
5.4.1 The V DO IO pattern in Beijing Mandarin
112(2)
5.4.2 The IO V DO pattern: A beneficiary or a double-object construction?
114(4)
5.4.3 Summary
118(1)
5.5 Double-object construction in the Yue dialects
119(3)
5.6 Summary
122(3)
Chapter 6 Relationship between IO DO and DO IO patterns
125(12)
6.1 Transformational approach
126(3)
6.1.1 Does Cantonese have dative shift?
126(3)
6.2 Discourse approach
129(5)
6.2.1 Discourse approach on Chinese double-object construction
130(1)
6.2.2 Discourse approach on Cantonese double-object construction
131(3)
6.3 Cognitive linguistics approach
134(1)
6.4 An alternative explanation: A loan feature resulting from language contact
135(2)
Chapter 7 On-going word order change in Cantonese double-object construction
137(36)
7.1 Sociolinguistic situation of Hong Kong
137(7)
7.1.1 Status of Putonghua and Modern Standard Chinese in Hong Kong
140(1)
7.1.2 What does "Chinese" mean in Hong Kong?
141(1)
7.1.3 Contact with mainland China after the 1970s
141(2)
7.1.4 Language attitude toward Putonghua
143(1)
7.2 Fieldwork study on Cantonese double-object construction
144(3)
7.3 Fieldwork data on Cantonese double-object construction
147(25)
7.3.1 Background information of the forty informants
147(2)
7.3.2 The production task
149(11)
7.3.3 The perception task
160(12)
7.4 Development of Cantonese double-object construction
172(1)
Chapter 8 Concluding remarks and future work
173(28)
Reference
177(24)
Appendices
201(58)
Appendix 1 Survey of the syntactic functions of GIVE in Chinese dialects and neighboring non-Sinitic languages
201(30)
Appendix 2 List of pre-modern Cantonese dialect materials
231(2)
Appendix 3 Frequency distribution of double-object patterns in Wang Shuo's corpus
233(2)
Appendix 4 Double-object sentences with the IO DO pattern found in pre-modern Cantonese dialect materials
235(8)
Appendix 5 Sentences used in the production task
243(8)
Appendix 6 Sentences used in the perception task
251(2)
Appendix 7 Information sheet for the fieldwork of the double-object construction in Hong Kong Cantonese
253(4)
Appendix 8 Non-native double-object sentence patterns used by the informants in the production task
257(2)
Index 259
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