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E-raamat: Case Study on Trilingual Siblings' Code Switching: Focus on Minority Language Development

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This book explores simultaneous trilingual siblings’ code switching behavior focusing on their minority language development combined with a thorough examination of their parent’s input. The book argues code switching is an organic building block in a child’s multilingual system and provides a picture of its developmental process.



This book explores simultaneous trilingual siblings’ code switching behavior focusing on their minority language development combined with a thorough examination of their minority language speaking parent’s input. It explores their complex discourse in relationship to the key input, the minority language speaking parent’s responses to the children’s mixed utterances. This social-interactional and context-based perspective approach sheds new light on the fascinating facet of children’s language manipulating ability. The book describes how the siblings build up a systematic method of inserting non-Korean words into the Korean language structure and argues code switching is an organic building block in a child’s multilingual system and provides a picture of its developmental process.

Tables, Figures and Appendices
15(6)
List of Abbreviations
19(2)
Acknowledgements 21(2)
Chapter 1 Introduction
23(6)
1.0 Statement of the problem
23(1)
1.1 Theoretical foundation
24(1)
1.2 The aim of the study
24(1)
1.3 Research questions and limitations
25(1)
1.4 Definition of terms
26(2)
1.5 Organization of the study
28(1)
Chapter 2 Literature Review
29(34)
2.0 Introduction
29(1)
2.1 The plight of transferring minority language in a trilingual environment
29(7)
2.2 Language dominance and minority language maintenance in trilingual acquisition
36(3)
2.3 Structure of the Korean Language
39(5)
2.3.1 Genetic affiliation
39(1)
2.3.2 Hangul: The Korean alphabet
40(1)
2.3.3 Agglutinative morphology
40(1)
2.3.4 SOV syntax
41(1)
2.3.5 Postpositional case markers
41(2)
2.3.6 Situation-oriented language
43(1)
2.3.7 Honorific system
43(1)
2.4 Code switching
44(7)
2.5 Language choice
51(12)
Chapter 3 Research Design
63(14)
3.0 Introduction
63(1)
3.1 The children
63(8)
3.1.1 Family background
63(1)
3.1.2 Children's linguistic environment
64(6)
3.1.3 Personality, relationship, and other issues affecting the siblings' language development
70(1)
3.2 Data Collection
71(3)
3.2.1 Mother researcher
71(1)
3.2.2 The data
72(1)
3.2.3 Evaluation of the data collection
73(1)
3.3 Transcription and analysis
74(3)
Chapter 4 Syntactic Analysis of the Siblings' Code Switching (CS)
77(24)
4.1 Procedures of the syntactic analysis
77(1)
4.2 Results and discussion
77(24)
4.2.1 Siblings' speech mode
77(2)
4.2.2 Siblings' intersentential and intrasentential CS
79(1)
4.2.2.1 Sara -- Intersentential CS
79(1)
4.2.2.2 Sara -- Intrasentential CS
80(1)
4.2.2.3 Michael -- Intersentential CS
81(1)
4.2.2.4 Michael -- Intrasentential CS
82(1)
4.2.3 Syntactic analysis of CS
83(1)
4.2.3.1 Sara's intersentential CS -- English
83(1)
4.2.3.2 Sara's intrasentential CS -- English
84(2)
4.2.3.3 Michael's intersentential CS -- English
86(1)
4.2.3.4 Michael's intrasentential CS -- English
87(1)
4.2.3.5 Sara's intersentential CS -- German
88(4)
4.2.3.6 Sara's intrasentential CS -- German
92(2)
4.2.3.7 Michael's intersentential CS -- German
94(2)
4.2.3.8 Michael's intrasentential CS -- German
96(2)
4.2.3.9 Both children's trilingual code switches
98(3)
Chapter 5 Adaptation of Non-Korean Words to Korean Morphology
101(20)
5.1 Procedures of the analysis
101(1)
5.2 Results and discussion
101(20)
5.2.1 English nouns and Korean morphology -- Sara
101(2)
5.2.2 English verbs and Korean morphology -- Sara
103(1)
5.2.3 English nouns and Korean morphology -- Michael
104(2)
5.2.4 English verbs and Korean morphology -- Michael
106(1)
5.2.5 German nouns and Korean morphology -- Sara
106(3)
5.2.6 German verbs and Korean morphology -- Sara
109(1)
5.2.7 German adjectives and Korean morphology -- Sara
110(1)
5.2.8 German nouns and Korean morphology -- Michael
111(2)
5.2.9 German verbs and Korean morphology -- Michael
113(4)
5.2.10 German adjectives and Korean morphology -- Michael
117(4)
Chapter 6 Discourse Strategies and the Development of Children's Code Switching Behavior
121(114)
6.0 Introduction
121(1)
6.1 Analysis procedure
121(2)
6.2 Parental discourse strategies
123(6)
6.2.1 Minimal Grasp (MG)
123(1)
6.2.2 Expressed Guess (EG)
124(1)
6.2.3 Adult Repetition (AR)
125(1)
6.2.4 Move On (MO)
125(1)
6.2.5 Code Switching (CS)
126(3)
6.3 Results and discussion
129(106)
6.3.1 Quantitative overview of the use of parental discourse strategies in response to Michael's code switching behavior
129(2)
6.3.2 Quantitative overview of the use of parental discourse strategies in response to Sara's code switching behavior
131(2)
6.3.3 Characteristics of the negotiation of language choice
133(1)
6.3.3.1 Period I -- Michael
134(1)
6.3.3.1.1 Controlling strategies and their influence on Michael's code switching behavior
134(1)
Control -- MG (Michael/Period I)
134(16)
Control -- EG (Michael/Period I)
150(5)
Control -- AR (Michael/Period I)
155(5)
6.3.3.1.2 Non-controlling strategies and their influence on Michael's code switching behavior
160(1)
Non-control -- MO and CS (Michael/Period I)
160(6)
6.3.3.2 Period I -- Sara
166(1)
6.3.3.2.1 Controlling strategies and their influence on Sara's code switching behavior
166(1)
Control -- MG (Sara/Period I)
166(5)
Control -- EG and AR (Sara/Period I)
171(5)
6.3.3.2.2 Non-Controlling strategies and their influence on Sara's code switching behavior
176(1)
Non-control -- MO and CS (Sara/Period I)
176(3)
6.3.3.3 Summary of Period I
179(1)
6.3.3.4 Two major features of Period II in triadic interaction
180(3)
6.3.3.5 Period II -- Michael
183(7)
6.3.3.6 Period II -- Sara
190(6)
6.3.3.7 Summary of Period II
196(1)
6.3.4 Development of adaptation of non-Korean words into Korean morphology
197(1)
6.3.4.1 Inter/intrasentential pattern change in Sara's German code switching
197(1)
6.3.4.2 Inter/intrasentential pattern change in Michael's German code switching
198(2)
6.3.4.3 The evolution of the forms of German origin nouns into the Korean language structure
200(1)
6.3.4.3.1 Sara's German noun code switching into the Korean language structure
201(3)
6.3.4.3.2 Michael's German noun code switching into the Korean language structure
204(6)
6.3.4.4 The evolution of the Korean verbs attached to German verbs
210(1)
6.3.4.4.1 Sara's Korean verbs attached to German verbs
210(4)
6.3.4.4.2 Michael's Korean verb attached to German verbs
214(10)
6.3.4.5 The developmental pattern of German adjectives when inserted into the Korean language structure
224(1)
6.3.4.5.1 Sara's use of German adjectives in the Korean language structure
224(3)
6.3.4.5.2 Michael's use of German adjectives in the Korean language structure
227(8)
Chapter 7 Conclusion
235(6)
References 241(14)
Appendices 255
Jaewon Nielbock-Yoon studied in Korea, the USA and gained her PhD at the University of Cologne, Germany. Her principal areas of interest are childhood multilingualism, intercultural communication, and language teaching methodology. She is currently an intercultural consultant and lecturer.