E-raamat: Categories of Grammar: French lui and le

1. Acknowledgements;
2. Introduction;
3. 1. The Problem of lui and le;
4.
1. Traditional Grammatical Categories;
5. 2. The Problem to Be Solved;
6.
3. Language-specific Grammatical Categories;
7. 4. The Goal of this Study;
8.
5. The Framework of the New Analysis;
9. 5.1. The Theoretical Background;
10.
5.2. Linguistic Meaning;
11. 5.3. Syntax? Semantics? Pragmatics?;
12. 5.4.
Signals;
13. 5.5. Substance and Value;
14. 6. Columbia School Contrasted with
Other Meaning-based Schools of Analysis;
15. 7. Grammatical Categories as
Hypotheses;
16. 8. Lui versus the a Phrase;
17. 9. Precursors to this
Analysis;
18. 2. The System of Degree of Control;
19. 1. Participants and
Events;
20. 2. Degree of Control;
21. 3. The Status of the Highest
Controller;
22. 4. The Satellite Relationship and Degree of Control;
23. 5.
The Assigning of Roles via Degree of Control;
24. 6. Where the Roles Come
From;
25. 7. Meaning Not in the Sentence;
26. 8. Precision as a Factor in
Choice of Meaning;
27. 9. Strategies of Exploitation;
28. 10. A Look Ahead;
29.
11. Participants in the Event vs. Non-participants;
30. 11.1.
Participants in Events vs. Circumstances of Events;
31. 11.2. Participants
vs. Prepositional Phrases;
32. 11.3. Participants vs. Possessive Adjectives;
33.
3. Semantic Substance: Exploitations of Degree of Control;
34. 1. Types
of Involvement Associated with the Mid Controller;
35. 1.1. Interactor;
36.
1.2. Expediter/Enabler;
37. 1.3. Causer;
38. 1.4. Motivator;
39. 2. Lui- with
"Predicate" Nouns and Adjectives;
40. 3. Illusory Categories of Fractional
Meaning: "Dative of Possession" and "Dative of the Disadvantaged";
41. 3.1.
The "Dative of Possession";
42. 3.2. "Beneficiary" and "Maleficiary";
43. 4.
Linguistic Value: Lui versus Le;
44. 1. Substance and Value in Linguistic
Analysis;
45. 2. Validating the Opposition between lui- and le-;
46. 3. The
Superagent: A Striking Manifestation of Value;
47. 3.1. Harmer's Examples
with faire;
48. 3.2. Other Instances of the Superagent;
49. 4. Three- versus
Two-participant Messages;
50. 5. Animacy Skewing in Two-participant Messages;
51.
6. Low Level of Activity with le-;
52. 7. Wider Exploitation of the
Control Opposition in Two-Participant Messages;
53. 8. Occurrences of lui-
and le- with Semantically-Defined Verb Classes;
54. 9. The Network of
Oppositions: Verbs of "Commanding";
55. 5. Networks of Oppositions;
56. 1.
The System of Participants;
57. 1.1. The Grammatical Interlock;
58. 1.2.
Focus;
59. 1.3. The Focus-Control Interlock;
60. 1.4. The First and Second
Persons;
61. 1.5. Deixis;
62. 1.6. Communicative Motivation for Paradigmatic
Structure;
63. 2. The High Controller in Two-Participant Messages;
64. 3.
Interaction of the High- and Non-High Controller Strategies;
65. 4. Case
Study: Verbs of "Asking";
66. 5. The Pseudo-Phenomenon of "Government";
67.
Appendix A: Verbs Included in Counts of Tables 5.3 and 5.4;
68. Appendix B:
Additional Charts Showing Control Level in Relation to "Government";
69. 6.
The Theory of the Sentence and the Traditional Canon;
70. 1. Lui- and le- as
a Linguistic Problem;
71. 2. The Theory of the Sentence;
72. 2.1. Deductively
Motivated Categories;
73. 2.2. The Tripartite Relationship;
74. 2.3. Testing
the Theory of the Sentence: The Appendix;
75. 3. Traditional Grammar and
Generative Grammar;
76. 4. Direct and Indirect Object in the Grammar of
French;
77. 5. Notional or Formal Categories?;
78. 6. A Morpho-syntactic
Approach: Blinkenberg;
79. 7. The Notion of "Transitivity";
80. 8.
Transitivity as an Explanatory Construct;
81. 9. The Traditional Canon of
Categories;
82. 10. A Functionalist View: Hopper & Thompson;
83. 11.
Linguistic Resources vs. Linguistic Products;
84. 7. A New Perspective on the
Notions "Pronominalization" and "Cliticity";
85. 1. The "Pronoun" as a
Grammatical Category;
86. 1.1. The Problem of Pronominalization;
87. 1.2.
Taking the Morphemes Seriously;
88. 1.3. The Term "Dative" and the Problem of
the Dative;
89. 2. A Columbia-school approach to a phrases;
90. 2.1. Degree
of Control with Nouns;
91. 2.2. Choice of Preposition;
92. 2.3. The
Contribution of a;
93. 2.4. From Circumstance to Control;
94. 2.5. The
Precision Factor;
95. 2.6. A vs. par: An Exploitation of Relative Precision;
96. 2.7. Summary;
97. 3. The Function of Cliticity;
98. 3.1. Ordering among
the Clitics;
99. 3.2. Combinatory Skewings among Clitics;
100. 3.3. Word
Order in Imperative Messages;
101. 8. The Categories of Grammar;
102. 1.
Grammar as Explanation;
103. 2. Language, Thought, and Communication;
104. 3.
Functionalist Schools of Grammar;
105. 4. The Nature and Role of Linguistic
Theory;
106. 5. The Acquisition and Use of Language;
107. 6. Observations and
Hypotheses in Linguistics;
108. 7. The Human Factor in Language;
109. Notes;
110. Bibliography;
111. Abbreviations;
112. Abbreviations of Texts Cited;
113. Index