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E-raamat: CCTV for Wildlife Monitoring: An Introduction

  • Formaat: 220 pages
  • Sari: Data in the Wild
  • Ilmumisaeg: 18-Jun-2016
  • Kirjastus: Pelagic Publishing
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781784271008
  • Formaat - PDF+DRM
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  • Formaat: 220 pages
  • Sari: Data in the Wild
  • Ilmumisaeg: 18-Jun-2016
  • Kirjastus: Pelagic Publishing
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781784271008

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CCTV for Wildlife Monitoring is a handbook on the use of CCTV in nature watching, conservation and ecological research. CCTV offers a unique ability to monitor wildlife in real time, stream video to the web, capture imagery of fast-moving species or cold animals such as wet otters or fish and maintain monitoring over long periods of time in a diverse array of habitats. Wildlife watchers can take advantage of a huge range of CCTV cameras, recording devices and accessories developed for use in non-wildlife applications. CCTV allows intimate study of animal behaviour not possible with other technologies. With expert experience in engineering, photography and wildlife, Susan Young describes CCTV equipment and techniques, giving readers the confidence to tackle what initially may seem technically challenging. The book enables the reader to navigate the technical aspects of recording: basic analogue, high definition HD-TVI and IP cameras, portable CCTV, digital video recorders (DVR) and video processing by focusing on practical applications. No prior knowledge of CCTV is required - step-by-step information is provided to get anyone started recording wildlife.
In-depth methods for recording foxes, badger, deer, otters, small mammals and fish are also included, and the book makes comparisons with trail cameras where appropriate. Examples of recorded footage illustrate the book along with detailed diagrams on camera set-ups and links to accompanying videos on YouTube. Case-studies show real projects, both the equipment used and the results. This book will be of interest to amateur naturalists wishing to have a window into the private world of wildlife, ecological consultants monitoring protected species and research scientists studying animal behaviour.

This is a handbook on the use of CCTV in nature watching, conservation and ecological research. CCTV offers a unique ability to monitor wildlife in real time, stream video to the web, capture imagery of fast-moving species and maintain monitoring over long periods of time.

Arvustused

This book is a rare combination of two things: it is useful and it is interesting. It helps to open the door to CCTV monitoring for the amateur, an endeavour that will seem intimidating to anyone but an expert. The instructive sections are laid out logically with informative diagrams and photographs to assist you along the way (very useful). Instructions are straightforward and avoid jargon, making this an exceptionally accessible guide.  -- Steph Maher * Mammal News *

Muu info

This book tackles an area of interest for wildlife watchers which up until now seemed to be the province of TV professionals. Using high definition CCTV for wildlife monitoring now appears to be definitely within reach for both the interested wildlife amateur and professional scientist. The author is knowledgeable and unpretentious allowing us to share in her hard won expertise in a straightforward down to earth way avoiding unnecessary costs and effort. The illustrations and diagrams are very clear and emphasise that much can be done with simple DIY as well as over the counter kits. The Quick Start guides are especially good from that point of view. Pitfalls and trade-offs are highlighted and alternative technical set ups are discussed depending on the particular aims of the monitoring. Technical aspects of different types of camera are covered as well as dealing with the videos produced. The advantages and differences between HD-TVI and traditional alternatives such as trail cameras are also explored. The wildlife and scientific case studies are fascinating and fully engage the reader making it almost impossible to resist delving deeper. Whether interested in monitoring a garden bird box or monitoring wildlife in wilder areas or even under water, this book will provide you with the necessary practical information to achieve your aims and inspire you to go further. -- Dr Katherine Begg, environmental chemist and academic
Preface x
Acknowledgements xi
List of video references
xii
Abbreviations xiii
CCTV for wildlife monitoring -- an overview xv
1 Analogue CCTV
1(14)
1.1 Analogue CCTV Quick Start
1(3)
1.1.1 Bird box -- a simple introduction to CCTV
1(3)
1.2 Basics of analogue CCTV
4(10)
1.2.1 Introduction
4(3)
1.2.2 Basic analogue CCTV setup
7(7)
1.3 Videos
14(1)
2 Advanced CCTV details
15(30)
2.1 Introduction
15(1)
2.2 Digital and analogue
15(1)
2.3 Wireless CCTV cameras
15(1)
2.4 Power sources
16(2)
2.4.1 Wired systems
16(1)
2.4.2 Wireless systems
17(1)
2.5 Image quality
18(2)
2.5.1 Camera quality
18(2)
2.6 Connections and wiring
20(7)
2.6.1 Cable
21(3)
2.6.2 Connectors
24(1)
2.6.3 Adapters
25(2)
2.7 Camera parameters
27(4)
2.7.1 Range
27(1)
2.7.2 Field of view
28(3)
2.7.3 Other parameters
31(1)
2.8 Recorder parameters
31(2)
2.8.1 Motion detection
31(1)
2.8.2 Pre-record
31(1)
2.8.3 Sensitivity of motion detection
32(1)
2.8.4 Masking
32(1)
2.8.5 Scheduling
32(1)
2.8.6 Recording after the event timing
32(1)
2.8.7 Clip lengths
32(1)
2.9 Setting up
33(3)
2.9.1 Positioning the camera
33(3)
2.10 Fixing details
36(1)
2.10.1 Large cameras
36(1)
2.10.2 Small cameras
36(1)
2.11 Other considerations
36(3)
2.11.1 Using a monitor for testing
36(1)
2.11.2 Internet viewing
37(1)
2.11.3 Maintenance
38(1)
2.12 Bird and mammal boxes
39(3)
2.12.1 Nest box plan
39(2)
2.12.2 Mammal boxes/feeding stations
41(1)
2.13 Advanced systems
42(1)
2.13.1 Wireless
42(1)
2.13.2 Event monitors
43(1)
2.14 Videos
43(2)
3 HD-TVI CCTV
45(7)
3.1 HD-TVI Quick Start
45(2)
3.2 HD-TVI CCTV
47(4)
3.2.1 Introduction
47(1)
3.2.2 HD-TVI setup
48(3)
3.3 Videos
51(1)
4 IP cameras
52(12)
4.1 IP camera Quick Start
52(1)
4.2 IP cameras (advanced CCTV)
52(3)
4.2.1 Introduction
52(3)
4.3 IP cameras in depth
55(7)
4.3.1 Technical details
55(5)
4.3.2 Setting up
60(1)
4.3.3 Working with images
61(1)
4.4 Videos
62(2)
5 Portable CCTV
64(11)
5.1 Portable CCTV Quick Start
64(1)
5.2 Portable CCTV
64(11)
5.2.1 Introduction
64(1)
5.2.2 Technical details
64(9)
5.2.3 Portable CCTV setup
73(2)
6 Videos
75(11)
6.1 Digital video recorders
75(2)
6.1.1 Construction
75(1)
6.1.2 Menus
76(1)
6.1.3 Recording
76(1)
6.1.4 Playback
77(1)
6.1.5 Exporting
77(1)
6.2 Portable DVRs
77(2)
6.2.1 Genie SD-DVR software
78(1)
6.2.2 iCatcher
78(1)
6.2.3 Video-editing software
79(1)
6.3 Dealing with videos
79(2)
6.3.1 Project design
79(1)
6.3.2 Reducing video numbers
79(2)
6.4 Picture quality
81(1)
6.4.1 Good-quality cameras
81(1)
6.4.2 Good-quality cables
82(1)
6.4.3 Image stability
82(1)
6.5 Analysing videos
82(1)
6.5.1 Exporting data
82(1)
6.5.2 Data storage
82(1)
6.5.3 Analysis frequency
82(1)
6.6 Video enhancement
83(2)
6.6.1 Low contrast
84(1)
6.7 Videos
85(1)
7 Technical case studies
86(21)
7.1 In pursuit of image quality
87(4)
7.1.1 Conclusions
91(1)
7.2 Setting up portable CCTV
91(5)
7.2.1 Equipment
92(1)
7.2.2 Initial construction
92(1)
7.2.3 Arriving at the site
93(3)
7.3 Setting up an IP camera
96(3)
7.3.1 Equipment
96(1)
7.3.2 Setting up
96(2)
7.3.3 Output
98(1)
7.4 Making a lightweight mammal box
99(4)
7.4.1 Steps to making the box
100(3)
7.5 Connecting a lead-acid battery
103(2)
7.5.1 The battery
103(1)
7.5.2 The connectors
104(1)
7.5.3 The terminal block
104(1)
7.6 Videos
105(2)
8 Wildlife case studies
107(30)
8.1 Clean pond dipping
107(5)
8.1.1 Introduction
107(1)
8.1.2 Equipment
108(1)
8.1.3 Method 1 -- mobile system
108(2)
8.1.4 Method 2 -- fixed system
110(2)
8.1.5 Conclusions
112(1)
8.2 Catching the frog catchers
112(5)
8.2.1 Introduction
112(1)
8.2.2 Equipment
113(1)
8.2.3 Method
114(2)
8.2.4 Results
116(1)
8.3 Rock pool surveying
117(4)
8.3.1 Introduction
117(1)
8.3.2 Equipment
118(1)
8.3.3 Method
119(1)
8.3.4 Results
120(1)
8.3.5 Conclusions
121(1)
8.4 Badger activity -- a life story
121(4)
8.4.1 Introduction
121(1)
8.4.2 Equipment
122(1)
8.4.3 Method
123(1)
8.4.4 Stages to look out for
124(1)
8.5 Bird feeders and bird baths
125(5)
8.5.1 Introduction
125(1)
8.5.2 Equipment
126(1)
8.5.3 Method
127(2)
8.5.4 Bird bath action
129(1)
8.5.5 Conclusions
129(1)
8.6 Tawny owl
130(2)
8.6.1 Introduction
130(1)
8.6.2 Equipment
130(1)
8.6.3 Method
131(1)
8.6.4 Results
132(1)
8.6.5 Conclusions
132(1)
8.7 Videos
132(5)
9 Scientific case studies
137(25)
9.1 Fish monitoring using a submersible camera -- a pilot study
138(14)
9.1.1 Introduction
138(1)
9.1.2 Aims of the project
138(1)
9.1.3 Developing the equipment
138(4)
9.1.4 Factors affecting image clarity
142(4)
9.1.5 Field of view
146(2)
9.1.6 Determination of fish size
148(1)
9.1.7 General issues to consider
149(1)
9.1.8 Video analysis
149(1)
9.1.9 A selection of trial results
150(1)
9.1.10 Suggestions for further study
151(1)
9.1.11 Conclusions of the case study
152(1)
9.2 Monitoring bats in woodland -- a pilot study
152(8)
9.2.1 Introduction
152(1)
9.2.2 Equipment
153(2)
9.2.3 Method
155(1)
9.2.4 Initial results
156(3)
9.2.5 Conclusions
159(1)
9.3 Videos
160(2)
10 Suggestions for CCTV monitoring subjects
162(7)
10.1 Birds
162(3)
10.1.1 Nest box birds
162(1)
10.1.2 Ground nesting birds
163(1)
10.1.3 Tree nesting birds
164(1)
10.2 Reptiles
165(2)
10.2.1 Adders
166(1)
10.2.2 Grass snakes
166(1)
10.3 Insects
167(1)
10.4 Aquatic mammals
168(1)
11 Comparison of portable CCTV with trail cameras
169(10)
11.1 Introduction
169(1)
11.1.1 What are trail cameras?
169(1)
11.1.2 What do they look like?
169(1)
11.2 Trail camera details
170(8)
11.2.1 Structure
170(2)
11.2.2 Usage
172(3)
11.2.3 Setting up
175(2)
11.2.4 Working with images
177(1)
11.3 Summary
178(1)
12 Comparison of CCTV with remote triggered DSLR
179(9)
12.1 Introduction
179(2)
12.1.1 What are triggered cameras?
180(1)
12.1.2 What do they look like?
180(1)
12.1.3 Examples of use
181(1)
12.2 Triggered camera system details
181(6)
12.2.1 Structure
181(1)
12.2.2 Usage
182(1)
12.2.3 Triggering method
183(1)
12.2.4 Uses of triggered cameras
184(3)
12.3 Summary
187(1)
Appendix 188(4)
References 192(2)
Index 194
Susan Young is a photographer and writer with a background in physics and engineering, and a passion for wildlife. Her previous writing has covered topics from wildlife photography to computer techniques for gardeners. She has used CCTV to monitor Barbastelle bats and developed portable CCTV monitoring protocols as part of pioneering on-going research with Natural England and the Woodland Trust.