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E-raamat: Cheetahs: Biology and Conservation: Biodiversity of the World: Conservation from Genes to Landscapes

Series edited by (Environmental Studies Program, Colby College, Waterville, Maine, USA), Volume editor (Cheetah Conserv), Volume editor (Cheetah Conservation Fund, Conservation Biology, Otjiwarongo, Namibia), Volume editor (Cheetah Conservation Botswana, Conservation Biology, Gaborone, Botswana)
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Cheetahs: Biodiversity of the World: Conservation from Genes to Landscapes reports on the science and conservation of the cheetah both in situ and ex situ, covering such aspects of cheetah biology and ecology as demography, density and feeding behavior; genetic makeup and disease risks; and home range requirements and spatial utilization. The volume includes a broad range of topics, demonstrating the interdisciplinary nature of research and conservation efforts. The book begins with chapters on the unique physiology of this species, followed by the taxonomy and genetic status of the cheetah, leading into their behavior and ecology.

The book features contributions on the current and evolving threats to the species, which include habitat loss, declining prey base, human-wildlife conflict with livestock, illegal trade and newly-emerging threats, notably climate change. Cheetahs have been studied through physical examination, laboratory analysis, radio-tracking and human perceptions. Considerable progress has been made in developing strategies to improve their status, including changing farmers’ attitudes and other efforts that have resulted in greater tolerance for the cheetah.

Status reports from around the regions are included as well as a better understanding of how international conventions (CITES, CMS, etc.), and the IUCN Cat Specialist Group have assisted in conservation planning. A section on conservation strategies begins with an overview of the similarities and challenges rural livestock farming communities play in assuring the cheetah’s long-term survival, and continues by including several case studies of successful conservation programs in various countries throughout the cheetah's range. Chapters on the long-term research and role of captive cheetahs to conservation of the species are included, such as disease studies and reproductive strategies by North American and European experts on the subjects.

  • Features contributions edited and written by the world’s leading cheetah researchers and practitioners, focused on this high-profile species of conservation concern
  • Presents the latest in cheetah research and conservation efforts globally, furthering range-wide conservation plans for the cheetah both in the wild and in captivity
  • Includes contributions from a variety of disciplinary and scale perspectives, ranging from genetics/evolution and ecology to behavior, toxicology, large landscape conservation, conflict and policy
  • Helps lay a foundation for the cheetah community worldwide by assembling and making available current knowledge of the species not only to cheetah researchers and conservationists, but to policy makers, business leaders, zoo managers, academics and students

Muu info

Presents the latest in cheetah research and global cheetah conservation efforts in both the wild and captivity
List of Contributors
xv
Foreword xxi
Acknowledgments xxiii
1 THE CHEETAH
1 A Brief History of Cheetah Conservation
Laurie Marker
Jack Grisham
Bruce Brewer
Introduction
3(1)
Historical Context
3(1)
1960s---The Beginning of Knowledge
4(1)
1970s---The Need for Conservation Action is Recognized
4(2)
1980s---Genetic Research and Captive Management
6(2)
1990s---Population Research Studies, African Conservation Programs, Health Analyses of Wild Cheetahs, and Population Viability Analyses
8(1)
2000s---Cheetah Conservation Programs, Range-Wide Workshop, and Programs, off the Beaten Track
9(4)
2015 Onwards---the Recent Years
13(1)
Conclusions
14(1)
References
14(3)
2 History of the Cheetah--Human Relationship
Benison Pang
Blaire Van Valkenburgh
Kenneth F. Kitchell, Jr.
Amy Dickman
Laurie Marker
Cheetahs in Prehistory
17(1)
Cheetahs in Africa
18(1)
Cheetahs in Asia
19(3)
Cheetahs in Europe
22(1)
Modern Day
22(1)
Conclusions
23(1)
References
23(2)
3 The Cheetah: Evolutionary History and Paleoecology
Blaire Van Valkenburgh
Benison Pang
Marco Cherin
Lorenzo Rook
Introduction
25(1)
Evolutionary History
26(3)
Morphological Evolution and Paleoecology of Acinonyx
29(2)
Conclusions
31(1)
References
31(3)
4 Cheetah Rangewide Status and Distribution
Laurie Marker
Bcgdan Cristescu
Tess Morrison
Michael V. Flyman
Jane Horgan
Etotepe A. Sogbohossou
Charlene Bissett
Vincent Van Der Merwe
Iracelma B. De Matos Machado
Ezequiel Fabiano
Esther Van Der Meer
Ortwin Aschenborn
Joerg Melzheimer
Kim Young-Overton
Mohammad S. Farhadinia
Mary Wykstra
Monica Chege
Samna Abdoulkarim
Osman G. Amir
Ahmed Sh Mohanun
Osman D. Paulos
Abel R. Nhabanga
Jassiel L.J. M'Soka
Farid Belbachir
Zelealem T. Ashenafi
Matti T. Nghikembua
Introduction
34(1)
Southern Africa
35(10)
Eastern Africa
45(4)
Western, Central, and Northern Africa
49(1)
Asia
50(1)
Conclusions
50(1)
References
51(4)
5 Asiatic Cheetahs in Iran: Decline, Current Status and Threats
Mohammad S. Farhadinia
Luke T.B. Hunter
Houman Jowkar
George B. Schaller
Stephane Ostrowski
Introduction
55(1)
Last Stronghold for Asiatic Cheetahs: Past and Present Range in Iran
56(4)
Asiatic Cheetah's Small Population in Iran
60(1)
Current Threats and Challenges for Cheetah Survival in Iran
61(2)
Management Implications
63(2)
Conservation Program to Safeguard the Asiatic Cheetah
65(2)
References
67(5)
6 Conservation Genetics of the Cheetah: Genetic History and Implications for Conservation
Anne Schmidt-Kuntzel
Desire L. Dalton
Marilyn Menotti-Raymond
Ezequiel Fabiano
Pauline Charruau
Warren E. Johnson
Simone Sommer
Laurie Marker
Antoinette Kotze
Stephen J. O'Brien
Introduction
72(1)
Species-Level Taxonomy
72(1)
Genetic Diversity
73(5)
Historic Demography
78(1)
Subspecies Definition and Divergence
79(2)
Phylogeography
81(4)
Additional Insights into Cheetah Genetics
85(2)
Discussion
87(2)
Conclusions
89(1)
References
89(4)
7 Cheetah Specialization: Physiology and Morphology
Julie Meachen
Anne Schmidt-Kuntzel
Holly Haefele
Gerhard Steenkamp
James M. Robinson
Marcela Randau
Natasha Mcgowan
David M. Scantlebury
Nikki Marks
Aaron Maule
Laurie Marker
Introduction
93(2)
Body Mass
95(1)
Overall Appearance, Coat, and Coloration
95(1)
Cranial Morphology and Physiology
95(3)
Postcranial Morphology
98(1)
Running Energetics
99(2)
Organ Systems
101(1)
Summary
102(1)
References
102(5)
8 Ecology of Free-Ranging Cheetahs
Laurie Marker
Bogdan Cristescu
Amy Dickman
Matti T. Nghikembua
Lorraine K. Boast
Tess Morrison
Joerg Melzheimer
Ezequiel Fabiano
Gus Mills
Bettina Wachter
David W. Macdonald
Introduction
107(1)
Habitat Type
107(1)
Cheetah Densities
108(1)
Prey Species Consumed
109(3)
Intraguild Interactions
112(1)
Cheetah Home Ranges
112(1)
Cheetah Movement
113(2)
Cheetah Activity Patterns
115(1)
Conclusions
115(1)
References
116(5)
9 Behavior and Communication of Free-Ranging Cheetahs
Bettina Wachter
Femke Broekhuis
Joerg Melzheimer
Jane Horgan
Elena V. Chelysheva
Laurie Marker
Gus Mills
Tim Caro
Introduction
121(1)
Breeding Behavior
121(3)
Parent-Offspring Behavior
124(2)
Male Behavior
126(2)
Hunting and Feeding Behavior
128(2)
Communication
130(2)
Conclusions
132(1)
References
133(4)
2 CONSERVATION THREATS
10 Drivers of Habitat Loss and Fragmentation: Implications for the Design of Landscape Linkages for Cheetahs
Richard M. Jeo
Anne Schmidt-Kuntzel
Jonathan D. Ballou
M. Sanjayan
Introduction
137(1)
Challenges of a Fragmented Population: Where Does the Cheetah Currently Survive?
138(1)
What Limits and Fragments Cheetah Habitat?
139(2)
The Four Kinds of Cheetah Habitat: A Conceptual Model
141(1)
Functional Cheetah Corridor Design: Strategies to Increase Landscape Permeability
142(1)
Cheetah Biology and Resilience Factors: Identifying Potential Linkage Areas
143(1)
Implications for Future Cheetah Conservation Strategies
144(3)
References
147(4)
11 The Status of Key Prey Species and the Consequences of Prey Loss for Cheetah Conservation in North and West Africa
Laurie Marker
Thomas Rabeil
Pierre Comizzoli
Hayley Clements
Matti T. Nghikembua
Matt W. Hayward
Craig J. Tambling
Introduction
151(1)
Status of the Northwest African Cheetah
152(1)
Diet of the Northwest African Cheetah
152(3)
Status of the Northwest African Cheetah's Main Prey Species
155(1)
Primary Threats to the Northwest African Cheetah's Key Prey Species
156(3)
Conclusions
159(1)
References
159(4)
12 The Impact of Climate Change on the Conservation and Survival of the Cheetah
Matti T. Nghikembua
Flavio Lehner
Wilbur Ottichilo
Laurie Marker
Steven C. Amstrup
Introduction
163(1)
Impacts of Increasing Temperatures and Altered Precipitation
164(3)
Discussion
167(2)
Conclusions
169(1)
References
169(4)
13 The Costs and Causes of Human-Cheetah Conflict on Livestock and Game Farms
Amy Dickman
Niki A. Rust
Lorraine K. Boast
Mary Wykstra
Louisa Richmond-Coggan
Rebecca Klein
Moses Selebatso
Maurus Msuha
Laurie Marker
Introduction
173(1)
Costs of Conflict to Humans
174(4)
Factors Affecting the Magnitude of Costs to Humans
178(1)
Costs of Conflict to Cheetahs
179(1)
Human Factors Affecting the Magnitude of Costs to Cheetahs
180(2)
Reducing Human-Cheetah Conflict
182(3)
Developing Strategies for Long-Term Human-Cheetah Coexistence
185(1)
References
186(5)
14 Pets and Pelts: Understanding and Combating Poaching and Trafficking in Cheetahs
Patricia Tricorache
Kristin Nowell
Gunther Wirth
Nicholas Mitchell
Lorraine K. Boast
Laurie Marker
Introduction
191(2)
Illegal Trade Overview
193(3)
The Demand: Drivers and Regulations
196(3)
The Supply: Trafficking Within and Out of Africa
199(2)
Reducing the Supply of Cheetahs for Illegal Trade
201(1)
Reducing Demand
201(2)
Conclusions
203(1)
References
203(6)
3 CONSERVATION SOLUTIONS
15 Use of Livestock Guarding Dogs to Reduce Human-Cheetah Conflict
Amy Dickman
Gail Potgieter
Jane Horgan
Kelly Stoner
Rebecca Klein
Jeannine Mcmanus
Laurie Marker
Introduction
209(1)
History of Livestock Guarding Dogs and Their use on Cheetah Rangeland
210(1)
Characteristics of a Successful Livestock Guarding Dog
211(1)
Livestock Guarding Dogs as a Conflict Mitigation Measure
212(3)
Prevalence and Potential Solutions for Livestock Guarding Dog Behavioral Problems
215(1)
Factors Affecting the Performance of Livestock Guarding Dogs
215(3)
Working Life Span and Causes of Mortality for Livestock Guarding Dogs
218(1)
Future Prospects Regarding the use of Livestock Guarding Dogs to Reduce Human-Cheetah Conflict
219(1)
References
219(4)
16 Improved and Alternative Livelihoods: Links Between Poverty Alleviation, Biodiversity, and Cheetah Conservation
Mary Wykstra
Guy Combes
Nick Oguge
Rebecca Klein
Lorraine K. Boast
Alfons W. Mosimane
Laurie Marker
Introduction
223(3)
Improved Livelihoods
226(2)
Alternative Livelihoods
228(5)
Development of Livelihood Programs
233(2)
Conclusions
235(1)
References
236(3)
17 Coordination of Large Landscapes for Cheetah Conservation
Larkin A. Powell
Reinold Kharuxab
Laurie Marker
Matti T. Nghikembua
Sarah Omusula
Robin S. Reid
Andrei Snyman
Chris Weaver
Mary Wykstra
Conservancies as Large, Managed, Coordinated Landscapes
239(4)
Benefits of Collaborative Landscapes to Cheetah Conservation
243(4)
Challenges to the Use of Collaborations to Manage Landscapes
247(1)
Ways Forward
248(1)
References
248(3)
18 Cheetah Conservation and Educational Programs
Courtney Hughes
Jane Horgan
Rebecca Klein
Laurie Marker
Introduction
251(1)
Education in Cheetah Conservation
252(7)
Measuring the Impact of Education Programs on Cheetah Conservation
259(1)
Challenges in Environmental Education Programming
260(1)
Design and Implementation of Cheetah Education Programs
260(1)
Future Direction
261(1)
References
262(3)
19 Protected Areas for Cheetah Conservation
Bogdan Cristescu
Peter Lindsey
Olivia Maes
Charlene Bissett
Gus Mills
Laurie Marker
Introduction
265(1)
Factors Affecting the Effectiveness of PAs for Cheetah Conservation
266(3)
Roles of PAs Besides Species Protection
269(2)
Unconventional PAs: A Role for Conservancies and Biosphere Reserves
271(1)
PAs and the Cheetah's Outlook
271(1)
Conclusions
272(1)
References
272(3)
20 Cheetah Translocation and Re introduction Programs: Past, Present, and Future
Lorraine K. Boast
Elena V. Chelysheva
Vincent Van Der Merwe
Anne Schmidt-Kuntzel
Eli H. Walker
Deon Cilliers
Markus Gusset
Laurie Marker
Introduction
275(1)
Rationale for the Translocation of Cheetahs
276(1)
Past Cheetah Translocations and Metapopulation Management
276(1)
Success of Past Cheetah Translocations
277(1)
Postrelease Movements of Cheetahs
278(1)
Factors Associated with the Successful Translocation of Cheetahs
279(7)
Future Plans for the Translocation of Cheetahs
286(1)
Conclusions
286(1)
References
287(4)
21 Global Cheetah Conservation Policy: A Review of International Law and Enforcement
Kristin Nowell
Tatjana Rosen
Introduction
291(3)
International Agreements Primarily Relevant to In Situ Cheetah Conservation
294(5)
International Agreements Exclusively Focused on Wildlife Trade Control
299(4)
Conclusions
303(1)
References
303(6)
4 CAPTIVE CHEETAHS
22 History of Cheetahs in Zoos and Demographic Trends Through Managed Captive Breeding Programs
Laurie Marker
Kate Vannelli
Markus Gusset
Lars Versteege
Karen Z. Meeks
Nadja Wielebnowski
Jan Louwman
Hanneke Louwman
Laurie Bingaman Lackey
Introduction
309(1)
History of Cheetahs in Zoos
310(2)
Demographic Trends
312(5)
Regional Captive Population Growth and Limitations
317(2)
Historic Facility Breeding Success and Breeding Strategies
319(1)
Conclusions
320(1)
References
320(3)
23 The Role of Zoos in Cheetah Conservation: Integrating Ex Situ and In Situ Conservation Action
Karin R. Schwartz
Markus Gusset
Adrienne E. Crosier
Lars Versteege
Simon Eyre
Amanda Tiffin
Antoinette Kotze
Introduction
323(1)
Cheetah Conservation Through Zoo Associations
324(2)
The Regional Zoo Associations and Cheetah Conservation
326(3)
Funding Support
329(1)
Information Sharing Through Global Cheetah Conservation Action Planning
329(1)
Education and Awareness Raising Through Close-Up Encounters
330(1)
Research
331(2)
Summary: Ex Situ and In Situ Integration for Holistic Cheetah Conservation
333(1)
References
333(2)
24 Clinical Management of Captive Cheetahs
Ana Margarita Woc Colburn
Carlos R. Sanchez
Scott Citino
Adrienne E. Crosier
Suzanne Murray
Jacques Kaandorp
Christine Kaandorp
Laurie Marker
Introduction
335(1)
Special Housing Requirements
336(1)
Stress Management
337(1)
Restraint and Handling
337(3)
Preventative Medicine
340(4)
Postmortem
344(1)
Hand-Rearing
344(1)
Conclusions
345(1)
References
345(4)
25 Diseases Impacting Captive and Free-Ranging Cheetahs
Karen A. Terio
Emily Mitchell
Chris Walzer
Anne Schmidt-Kuntzel
Laurie Marker
Scott Citino
Introduction
349(2)
Important Diseases in the Wild
351(1)
Important Diseases in Captivity
351(7)
Other Conditions of Wild and Captive Cheetahs
358(2)
Diseases of Neonatal and Juvenile Cheetahs
360(1)
Conclusions
360(1)
References
360(5)
26 Nutritional Considerations for Captive Cheetahs
Katherine Whitehouse-Tedd
Ellen S. Dierenfeld
Anne A.M.J. Becker
Geert Huys
Sarah Depauw
Katherine R. Kerr
J. Jason Williams
Geert P.J. Janssens
Introduction
365(1)
Lessons from the Wild
366(2)
Nutritional Adaptations and Consequences of Evolutionary Specialization for a Carnivorous Diet
368(8)
Nutrition Through the Lifestages
376(1)
Nutritional Disorders and Diet-Related Diseases
376(2)
Current Challenges/Gaps in our Knowledge
378(1)
References
379(6)
27 Reproductive Physiology of the Cheetah and Assisted Reproductive Techniques
Adrienne E. Crosier
Bettina Wachter
Martin Schulman
Imke Luders
Diana C. Koester
Nadja Wielebnowski
Pierre Comizzoli
Laurie Marker
Introduction
385(1)
Female Reproductive Physiology
386(6)
Male Reproductive Physiology
392(3)
Ex Situ Breeding and Assisted Reproduction Technology (ART)
395(4)
Conclusions
399(1)
References
399(4)
28 Communicating the Conservation Message---Using Ambassador Cheetahs to Connect, Teach, and Inspire
Suzi Rapp
Kate Vannelli
Linda Castaneda
Annie Beckhelling
Susie Ekard
Cathryn Hilker
Janet Rose-Hinostroza
Alicia Sampson
Michelle Lloyd
Linda Stanek
Introduction
403(1)
The History of Cheetah Ambassador Programs
404(2)
Ambassador Cheetahs' Impact on Cheetah Conservation
406(3)
Creating a Cheetah Ambassador Program
409(2)
Looking to the Future
411(1)
Conclusions
411(1)
References
412(4)
5 TECHNIQUES AND ANALYSES
29 The Use of Remote Camera Trapping to Study Cheetahs: Past Reflections and Future Directions
Ezequiel Fabiano
Lorraine K. Boast
Angela K. Fuller
Chris Sutherland
Surveying Cheetahs: Applications of Camera Trapping
416(1)
Estimating Cheetah Abundance and Density with Camera Traps
416(5)
Challenges Faced When Surveying Cheetahs Using Camera Traps
421(1)
Lessons Learned to Maximize Cheetah Detection and Optimize Cheetah Camera Surveys
422(1)
Conclusions
423(1)
References
424(4)
30 Spoor Tracking to Monitor Cheetah Populations
Lorraine K. Boast
Linda Van Bommel
Leah Andresen
Ezequiel Fabiano
Presence-Absence Studies of Cheetahs
428(1)
Occupancy Modeling of Cheetah Spoor
428(2)
Density Estimation: Calibration Factors for Cheetah
430(2)
Footprint Identification Methods in Relation to Cheetah
432(1)
Conclusions
433(1)
References
433(5)
31 Mining Black Gold---Insights from Cheetah Scat Using Noninvasive Techniques in the Field and Laboratory: Scat-Detection Dogs, Genetic Assignment, Diet and Hormone Analyses
Anne Schmidt-Kuntzel
Claudia Wultsch
Lorraine K. Boast
Birgit Braun
Leanne Van Der Weyde
Bettina Wachter
Rox Brummer
Eli H. Walker
Katherine Forsythe
Laurie Marker
Introduction
438(1)
Scat-Detection Dogs
438(4)
Assigning Species and Individual Identity of Noninvasive Samples Using Genetics
442(1)
Research Questions Applicable to Fecal Samples of Known Species and/or Individual Identity
443(2)
Summary
445(1)
References
445(2)
32 Field Methods for Visual and Remote Monitoring of the Cheetah
Femke Broekhuis
Charlene Bissett
Elena V. Chelysheva
Introduction
447(1)
Direct Observations
448(1)
Dataloggers
449(2)
Device Deployment and Ethical Considerations
451(1)
Data Analysis
452(1)
Application to Cheetah Behavior and the Future
453(1)
References
453(4)
33 Capture, Care, Collaring, and Collection of Biomedical Samples in Free-Ranging Cheetahs
Laurie Marker
Anne Schmidt-Kuntzel
Ruben Portas
Amy Dickman
Kyle Good
Axel Hartmann
Bogdan Cristescu
Joerg Melzheimer
Introduction
457(1)
Factors to Consider Before Capture
458(1)
Cheetah Capture Methods
458(2)
Cage Trap Setup
460(2)
Chemical Immobilization
462(2)
Biomedical Examination, Sample and Data Collection
464(4)
Conclusions
468(1)
References
468(3)
34 Citizen Science in Cheetah Research
Esther Van Der Meer
Femke Broekhuis
Elena V. Chelysheva
Mary Wykstra
Harriet T. Davies-Mostert
Introduction
471(1)
The Role of Citizen Science in Cheetah Research
472(5)
Challenges and Benefits of Citizen Science
477(3)
Education and Raising Awareness
480(1)
Engagement and Continued Involvement of Citizen Scientists
480(1)
Conclusions
481(1)
References
481(3)
35 Social Science Methods to Study Human--Cheetah Interactions
Niki A. Rust
Courtney Hughes
Research Aims
484(1)
Research Paradigms
484(1)
Theoretical Perspectives
485(1)
Methodologies of Relevance to Human--Cheetah Coexistence
485(1)
Methods for Studying Human--Cheetah Coexistence
486(4)
Practical Considerations
490(1)
Conclusions
491(1)
References
491(4)
36 Spatial and Landscape Analysis: Applications for Cheetah Conservation
Richard M. Jeo
Leah Andresen
Introduction
495(1)
Framing the Problem: What can be Gained from Spatial and Landscape Analysis?
495(3)
Population Viability Analysis (PVA)
498(1)
Considerations for Cheetah
499(1)
Conservation Insight into Fitness-Related Variables
500(1)
Conclusions
501(1)
References
502(3)
37 Now You See Them, Soon You Won't: Statistical and Mathematical Models for Cheetah Conservation Management
Sandra Johnson
Bogdan Cristescu
Jacqueline T. Davis
Douglas W. Johnson
Kerrie Mengersen
Introduction
505(1)
Modeling Approaches for Cheetah Conservation
506(1)
Review of Statistical and Mathematical Methods
507(2)
Review of Specific Methods
509(2)
Integrating the Frameworks
511(1)
Discussion
512(1)
References
513(4)
38 A Review of Population Viability Analysis and its use in Cheetah Conservation
Bogdan Cristescu
Anne Schmidt-Kuntzel
Karin R. Schwartz
Carl Traeholt
Laurie Marker
Ezequiel Fabiano
Kristin Leus
Kathy Traylor-Holzer
Use of PVA as a Conservation Tool
517(1)
Factors Affecting Population Persistence
518(1)
PVA Process and Software
519(1)
PVAs for Cheetahs
520(7)
Discussion of Benefits and Cautions in using PVA
527(1)
Conclusions and Future Directions for Cheetah PVAs and Conservation Efforts
527(2)
References
529(4)
6 THE FUTURE
39 The Conservation Status of the Cheetah
Sarah M. Durant
Nicholas Mitchell
Rosemary Groom
Audrey Ipavec
Rosie Woodroffe
Christine Breitenmoser
Luke T.B. Hunter
Assessment of Conservation Status
533(5)
Threats to Cheetah Survival
538(4)
Cheetah Threat Assessment
542(1)
Range Wide Cheetah Conservation
543(2)
Halting Cheetah Decline
545(1)
References
545(4)
40 What Does the Future Hold for the Cheetah?
Laurie Marker
Lorraine K. Boast
Anne Schmidt-Kuntzel
Introduction
549(2)
What will it Take to Save the Cheetah?
551(1)
Cheetah Conservation Magnified
551(2)
Conservation Needs
553(2)
Conclusions
555(1)
References
556(3)
Index 559
Philip Nyhus is the Director of the Environmental Studies Program at Colby College in Maine, Maine, US. His interdisciplinary research bridges the natural and social sciences to address human interactions with the environment, including endangered species conservation and recovery, human-wildlife conflict, large landscape conservation, and spatial modelling. He is co-editor of Tigers of the World: The Science, Politics and Conservation of Panthera tigris (2010). Dr. Laurie Marker (DPhil) is a leading expert on the cheetah and Founder and Executive Director of Cheetah Conservation Fund (CCF), the longest running conservation organization dedicated to cheetah survival. From CCFs International Field Research and Education Centre in Namibia, Dr. Marker develops range-wide solutions to problems threatening the worlds fastest land mammal in collaboration with researchers and conservationists from all over the globe. Dr. Marker earned her DPhil in Zoology from the University of Oxfords WildCru, and has published more than 100 scientific papers in peer-reviewed journals encompassing cheetah genetics, biology, ecology, health and reproduction, human impact, and species survival. She is an A.D. White Professor-at-Large with Cornell University, chairs the Large Carnivore Management Association of Namibia, serves on Pantheras Cat Advisory Council, and is a member of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Cat Specialist (core) Group, as well as the Conservation Breeding Specialist Group and Veterinary Specialist Groups. Dr. Marker has received many awards for her research contributions and scientifically-based conservation strategies, including the Tyler Prize for Environmental Achievement, the E.O. Wilson Biodiversity Technology Pioneer Award, and the Ulysses S. Seal Award for Innovation in Conservation. Dr Lorraine Boast (PhD) began a career in cheetah conservation in 2006 with Cheetah Conservation Botswana. Coordinator of the project s research program from 2008 to 2011, she has experience in a broad range of monitoring techniques and their application to cheetahs, including spoor tracking, camera-trapping, scat analysis, questionnaires and mark and recapture. As coordinator of the projects field base on Botswana farmland, she gained first-hand experience of the complexities of human-cheetah conflict and its mitigation, and completed her PhD on predator conflict on game ranches in 2014. Dr Boast currently resides in China where she is a visiting academic researcher at Beijing Forestry University; her main research interests are big cat conservation focusing on human-wildlife conflict and illegal trade. Dr. Anne Schmidt-Küntzel (DVM, PhD) is the Assistant Director for Animal Health and Research for Cheetah Conservation Fund (CCF), for which she established the Life Technologies Conservation Genetics Laboratory in 2008. She earned her DVM in 2002 from the Veterinary School of Liège in Belgium, and her PhD in Genetics in 2007 from The George Washington University in Washington D.C., under the mentorship of conservation geneticist Dr. Stephen OBrien. Dr. Schmidt-Küntzel carries out research on a variety of endangered species using techniques ranging from non-invasive genetics to biomedical questions. Her main focus is the status of cheetah genetics and its consequences for conservation, and she was a member of the international collaborative research team responsible for mapping the cheetah genome in 2015. Dr. Schmidt-Küntzel shares her time between CCFs International Field Research and Education Centre in Namibia and the Washington D.C., metropolitan area of the United States, where she is a Research Associate at the Smithsonian Institute.