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xv | |
Foreword |
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xxi | |
Acknowledgments |
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xxiii | |
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1 A Brief History of Cheetah Conservation |
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3 | (1) |
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3 | (1) |
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1960s---The Beginning of Knowledge |
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4 | (1) |
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1970s---The Need for Conservation Action is Recognized |
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4 | (2) |
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1980s---Genetic Research and Captive Management |
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6 | (2) |
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1990s---Population Research Studies, African Conservation Programs, Health Analyses of Wild Cheetahs, and Population Viability Analyses |
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8 | (1) |
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2000s---Cheetah Conservation Programs, Range-Wide Workshop, and Programs, off the Beaten Track |
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9 | (4) |
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2015 Onwards---the Recent Years |
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13 | (1) |
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14 | (1) |
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14 | (3) |
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2 History of the Cheetah--Human Relationship |
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17 | (1) |
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18 | (1) |
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19 | (3) |
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22 | (1) |
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22 | (1) |
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23 | (1) |
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23 | (2) |
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3 The Cheetah: Evolutionary History and Paleoecology |
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25 | (1) |
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26 | (3) |
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Morphological Evolution and Paleoecology of Acinonyx |
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29 | (2) |
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31 | (1) |
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31 | (3) |
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4 Cheetah Rangewide Status and Distribution |
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Iracelma B. De Matos Machado |
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34 | (1) |
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35 | (10) |
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45 | (4) |
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Western, Central, and Northern Africa |
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49 | (1) |
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50 | (1) |
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50 | (1) |
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51 | (4) |
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5 Asiatic Cheetahs in Iran: Decline, Current Status and Threats |
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55 | (1) |
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Last Stronghold for Asiatic Cheetahs: Past and Present Range in Iran |
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56 | (4) |
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Asiatic Cheetah's Small Population in Iran |
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60 | (1) |
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Current Threats and Challenges for Cheetah Survival in Iran |
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61 | (2) |
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63 | (2) |
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Conservation Program to Safeguard the Asiatic Cheetah |
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65 | (2) |
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67 | (5) |
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6 Conservation Genetics of the Cheetah: Genetic History and Implications for Conservation |
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72 | (1) |
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72 | (1) |
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73 | (5) |
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78 | (1) |
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Subspecies Definition and Divergence |
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79 | (2) |
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81 | (4) |
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Additional Insights into Cheetah Genetics |
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85 | (2) |
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87 | (2) |
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89 | (1) |
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89 | (4) |
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7 Cheetah Specialization: Physiology and Morphology |
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93 | (2) |
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95 | (1) |
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Overall Appearance, Coat, and Coloration |
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95 | (1) |
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Cranial Morphology and Physiology |
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95 | (3) |
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98 | (1) |
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99 | (2) |
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101 | (1) |
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102 | (1) |
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102 | (5) |
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8 Ecology of Free-Ranging Cheetahs |
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107 | (1) |
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107 | (1) |
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108 | (1) |
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109 | (3) |
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112 | (1) |
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112 | (1) |
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113 | (2) |
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Cheetah Activity Patterns |
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115 | (1) |
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115 | (1) |
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116 | (5) |
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9 Behavior and Communication of Free-Ranging Cheetahs |
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121 | (1) |
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121 | (3) |
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Parent-Offspring Behavior |
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124 | (2) |
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126 | (2) |
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Hunting and Feeding Behavior |
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128 | (2) |
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130 | (2) |
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132 | (1) |
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133 | (4) |
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10 Drivers of Habitat Loss and Fragmentation: Implications for the Design of Landscape Linkages for Cheetahs |
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137 | (1) |
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Challenges of a Fragmented Population: Where Does the Cheetah Currently Survive? |
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138 | (1) |
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What Limits and Fragments Cheetah Habitat? |
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139 | (2) |
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The Four Kinds of Cheetah Habitat: A Conceptual Model |
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141 | (1) |
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Functional Cheetah Corridor Design: Strategies to Increase Landscape Permeability |
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142 | (1) |
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Cheetah Biology and Resilience Factors: Identifying Potential Linkage Areas |
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143 | (1) |
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Implications for Future Cheetah Conservation Strategies |
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144 | (3) |
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147 | (4) |
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11 The Status of Key Prey Species and the Consequences of Prey Loss for Cheetah Conservation in North and West Africa |
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151 | (1) |
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Status of the Northwest African Cheetah |
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152 | (1) |
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Diet of the Northwest African Cheetah |
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152 | (3) |
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Status of the Northwest African Cheetah's Main Prey Species |
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155 | (1) |
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Primary Threats to the Northwest African Cheetah's Key Prey Species |
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156 | (3) |
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159 | (1) |
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159 | (4) |
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12 The Impact of Climate Change on the Conservation and Survival of the Cheetah |
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163 | (1) |
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Impacts of Increasing Temperatures and Altered Precipitation |
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164 | (3) |
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167 | (2) |
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169 | (1) |
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169 | (4) |
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13 The Costs and Causes of Human-Cheetah Conflict on Livestock and Game Farms |
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173 | (1) |
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Costs of Conflict to Humans |
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174 | (4) |
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Factors Affecting the Magnitude of Costs to Humans |
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178 | (1) |
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Costs of Conflict to Cheetahs |
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179 | (1) |
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Human Factors Affecting the Magnitude of Costs to Cheetahs |
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180 | (2) |
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Reducing Human-Cheetah Conflict |
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182 | (3) |
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Developing Strategies for Long-Term Human-Cheetah Coexistence |
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185 | (1) |
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186 | (5) |
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14 Pets and Pelts: Understanding and Combating Poaching and Trafficking in Cheetahs |
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191 | (2) |
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193 | (3) |
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The Demand: Drivers and Regulations |
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196 | (3) |
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The Supply: Trafficking Within and Out of Africa |
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199 | (2) |
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Reducing the Supply of Cheetahs for Illegal Trade |
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201 | (1) |
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201 | (2) |
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203 | (1) |
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203 | (6) |
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15 Use of Livestock Guarding Dogs to Reduce Human-Cheetah Conflict |
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209 | (1) |
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History of Livestock Guarding Dogs and Their use on Cheetah Rangeland |
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210 | (1) |
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Characteristics of a Successful Livestock Guarding Dog |
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211 | (1) |
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Livestock Guarding Dogs as a Conflict Mitigation Measure |
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212 | (3) |
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Prevalence and Potential Solutions for Livestock Guarding Dog Behavioral Problems |
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215 | (1) |
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Factors Affecting the Performance of Livestock Guarding Dogs |
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215 | (3) |
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Working Life Span and Causes of Mortality for Livestock Guarding Dogs |
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218 | (1) |
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Future Prospects Regarding the use of Livestock Guarding Dogs to Reduce Human-Cheetah Conflict |
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219 | (1) |
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219 | (4) |
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16 Improved and Alternative Livelihoods: Links Between Poverty Alleviation, Biodiversity, and Cheetah Conservation |
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223 | (3) |
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226 | (2) |
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228 | (5) |
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Development of Livelihood Programs |
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233 | (2) |
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235 | (1) |
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236 | (3) |
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17 Coordination of Large Landscapes for Cheetah Conservation |
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Conservancies as Large, Managed, Coordinated Landscapes |
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239 | (4) |
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Benefits of Collaborative Landscapes to Cheetah Conservation |
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243 | (4) |
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Challenges to the Use of Collaborations to Manage Landscapes |
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247 | (1) |
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248 | (1) |
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248 | (3) |
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18 Cheetah Conservation and Educational Programs |
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251 | (1) |
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Education in Cheetah Conservation |
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252 | (7) |
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Measuring the Impact of Education Programs on Cheetah Conservation |
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259 | (1) |
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Challenges in Environmental Education Programming |
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260 | (1) |
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Design and Implementation of Cheetah Education Programs |
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260 | (1) |
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261 | (1) |
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262 | (3) |
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19 Protected Areas for Cheetah Conservation |
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265 | (1) |
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Factors Affecting the Effectiveness of PAs for Cheetah Conservation |
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266 | (3) |
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Roles of PAs Besides Species Protection |
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269 | (2) |
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Unconventional PAs: A Role for Conservancies and Biosphere Reserves |
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271 | (1) |
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PAs and the Cheetah's Outlook |
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271 | (1) |
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272 | (1) |
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272 | (3) |
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20 Cheetah Translocation and Re introduction Programs: Past, Present, and Future |
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275 | (1) |
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Rationale for the Translocation of Cheetahs |
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276 | (1) |
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Past Cheetah Translocations and Metapopulation Management |
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276 | (1) |
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Success of Past Cheetah Translocations |
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277 | (1) |
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Postrelease Movements of Cheetahs |
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278 | (1) |
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Factors Associated with the Successful Translocation of Cheetahs |
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279 | (7) |
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Future Plans for the Translocation of Cheetahs |
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286 | (1) |
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286 | (1) |
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287 | (4) |
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21 Global Cheetah Conservation Policy: A Review of International Law and Enforcement |
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291 | (3) |
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International Agreements Primarily Relevant to In Situ Cheetah Conservation |
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294 | (5) |
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International Agreements Exclusively Focused on Wildlife Trade Control |
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299 | (4) |
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303 | (1) |
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303 | (6) |
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22 History of Cheetahs in Zoos and Demographic Trends Through Managed Captive Breeding Programs |
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309 | (1) |
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History of Cheetahs in Zoos |
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310 | (2) |
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312 | (5) |
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Regional Captive Population Growth and Limitations |
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317 | (2) |
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Historic Facility Breeding Success and Breeding Strategies |
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319 | (1) |
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320 | (1) |
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320 | (3) |
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23 The Role of Zoos in Cheetah Conservation: Integrating Ex Situ and In Situ Conservation Action |
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323 | (1) |
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Cheetah Conservation Through Zoo Associations |
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324 | (2) |
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The Regional Zoo Associations and Cheetah Conservation |
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326 | (3) |
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329 | (1) |
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Information Sharing Through Global Cheetah Conservation Action Planning |
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329 | (1) |
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Education and Awareness Raising Through Close-Up Encounters |
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330 | (1) |
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331 | (2) |
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Summary: Ex Situ and In Situ Integration for Holistic Cheetah Conservation |
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333 | (1) |
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333 | (2) |
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24 Clinical Management of Captive Cheetahs |
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Ana Margarita Woc Colburn |
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335 | (1) |
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Special Housing Requirements |
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336 | (1) |
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337 | (1) |
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337 | (3) |
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340 | (4) |
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344 | (1) |
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344 | (1) |
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345 | (1) |
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345 | (4) |
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25 Diseases Impacting Captive and Free-Ranging Cheetahs |
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349 | (2) |
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Important Diseases in the Wild |
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351 | (1) |
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Important Diseases in Captivity |
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351 | (7) |
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Other Conditions of Wild and Captive Cheetahs |
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358 | (2) |
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Diseases of Neonatal and Juvenile Cheetahs |
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360 | (1) |
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360 | (1) |
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360 | (5) |
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26 Nutritional Considerations for Captive Cheetahs |
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Katherine Whitehouse-Tedd |
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365 | (1) |
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366 | (2) |
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Nutritional Adaptations and Consequences of Evolutionary Specialization for a Carnivorous Diet |
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368 | (8) |
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Nutrition Through the Lifestages |
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376 | (1) |
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Nutritional Disorders and Diet-Related Diseases |
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376 | (2) |
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Current Challenges/Gaps in our Knowledge |
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378 | (1) |
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379 | (6) |
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27 Reproductive Physiology of the Cheetah and Assisted Reproductive Techniques |
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385 | (1) |
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Female Reproductive Physiology |
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386 | (6) |
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Male Reproductive Physiology |
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392 | (3) |
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Ex Situ Breeding and Assisted Reproduction Technology (ART) |
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395 | (4) |
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399 | (1) |
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399 | (4) |
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28 Communicating the Conservation Message---Using Ambassador Cheetahs to Connect, Teach, and Inspire |
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403 | (1) |
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The History of Cheetah Ambassador Programs |
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404 | (2) |
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Ambassador Cheetahs' Impact on Cheetah Conservation |
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406 | (3) |
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Creating a Cheetah Ambassador Program |
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409 | (2) |
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411 | (1) |
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411 | (1) |
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412 | (4) |
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5 TECHNIQUES AND ANALYSES |
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29 The Use of Remote Camera Trapping to Study Cheetahs: Past Reflections and Future Directions |
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Surveying Cheetahs: Applications of Camera Trapping |
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416 | (1) |
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Estimating Cheetah Abundance and Density with Camera Traps |
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416 | (5) |
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Challenges Faced When Surveying Cheetahs Using Camera Traps |
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421 | (1) |
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Lessons Learned to Maximize Cheetah Detection and Optimize Cheetah Camera Surveys |
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422 | (1) |
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423 | (1) |
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424 | (4) |
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30 Spoor Tracking to Monitor Cheetah Populations |
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Presence-Absence Studies of Cheetahs |
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428 | (1) |
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Occupancy Modeling of Cheetah Spoor |
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428 | (2) |
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Density Estimation: Calibration Factors for Cheetah |
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430 | (2) |
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Footprint Identification Methods in Relation to Cheetah |
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432 | (1) |
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433 | (1) |
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433 | (5) |
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31 Mining Black Gold---Insights from Cheetah Scat Using Noninvasive Techniques in the Field and Laboratory: Scat-Detection Dogs, Genetic Assignment, Diet and Hormone Analyses |
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438 | (1) |
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438 | (4) |
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Assigning Species and Individual Identity of Noninvasive Samples Using Genetics |
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442 | (1) |
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Research Questions Applicable to Fecal Samples of Known Species and/or Individual Identity |
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443 | (2) |
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445 | (1) |
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445 | (2) |
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32 Field Methods for Visual and Remote Monitoring of the Cheetah |
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447 | (1) |
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448 | (1) |
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449 | (2) |
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Device Deployment and Ethical Considerations |
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451 | (1) |
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452 | (1) |
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Application to Cheetah Behavior and the Future |
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453 | (1) |
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453 | (4) |
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33 Capture, Care, Collaring, and Collection of Biomedical Samples in Free-Ranging Cheetahs |
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457 | (1) |
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Factors to Consider Before Capture |
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458 | (1) |
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458 | (2) |
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460 | (2) |
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462 | (2) |
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Biomedical Examination, Sample and Data Collection |
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464 | (4) |
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468 | (1) |
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468 | (3) |
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34 Citizen Science in Cheetah Research |
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Harriet T. Davies-Mostert |
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471 | (1) |
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The Role of Citizen Science in Cheetah Research |
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472 | (5) |
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Challenges and Benefits of Citizen Science |
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477 | (3) |
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Education and Raising Awareness |
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480 | (1) |
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Engagement and Continued Involvement of Citizen Scientists |
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480 | (1) |
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481 | (1) |
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481 | (3) |
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35 Social Science Methods to Study Human--Cheetah Interactions |
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484 | (1) |
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484 | (1) |
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485 | (1) |
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Methodologies of Relevance to Human--Cheetah Coexistence |
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485 | (1) |
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Methods for Studying Human--Cheetah Coexistence |
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486 | (4) |
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490 | (1) |
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491 | (1) |
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491 | (4) |
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36 Spatial and Landscape Analysis: Applications for Cheetah Conservation |
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495 | (1) |
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Framing the Problem: What can be Gained from Spatial and Landscape Analysis? |
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495 | (3) |
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Population Viability Analysis (PVA) |
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498 | (1) |
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Considerations for Cheetah |
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499 | (1) |
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Conservation Insight into Fitness-Related Variables |
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500 | (1) |
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501 | (1) |
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502 | (3) |
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37 Now You See Them, Soon You Won't: Statistical and Mathematical Models for Cheetah Conservation Management |
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505 | (1) |
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Modeling Approaches for Cheetah Conservation |
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506 | (1) |
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Review of Statistical and Mathematical Methods |
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507 | (2) |
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Review of Specific Methods |
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509 | (2) |
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Integrating the Frameworks |
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511 | (1) |
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512 | (1) |
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513 | (4) |
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38 A Review of Population Viability Analysis and its use in Cheetah Conservation |
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Use of PVA as a Conservation Tool |
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517 | (1) |
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Factors Affecting Population Persistence |
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518 | (1) |
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519 | (1) |
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520 | (7) |
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Discussion of Benefits and Cautions in using PVA |
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527 | (1) |
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Conclusions and Future Directions for Cheetah PVAs and Conservation Efforts |
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527 | (2) |
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529 | (4) |
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39 The Conservation Status of the Cheetah |
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Assessment of Conservation Status |
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533 | (5) |
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Threats to Cheetah Survival |
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538 | (4) |
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Cheetah Threat Assessment |
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542 | (1) |
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Range Wide Cheetah Conservation |
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543 | (2) |
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545 | (1) |
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545 | (4) |
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40 What Does the Future Hold for the Cheetah? |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
549 | (2) |
|
What will it Take to Save the Cheetah? |
|
|
551 | (1) |
|
Cheetah Conservation Magnified |
|
|
551 | (2) |
|
|
553 | (2) |
|
|
555 | (1) |
|
|
556 | (3) |
Index |
|
559 | |