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E-raamat: Are Children Reliable Witnesses?

  • Formaat: PDF+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 22-Sep-2022
  • Kirjastus: Palgrave Macmillan
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9783031103827
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Are Children Reliable Witnesses?Suurem pilt
  • Formaat: PDF+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 22-Sep-2022
  • Kirjastus: Palgrave Macmillan
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9783031103827
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"If a child falls victim to a crime, or becomes witness to it, they may well be questioned by the police. Perhaps even tasked with selecting a suspect from a line-up. But how reliable can a child be under such strenuous circumstances?

In this book, Dr. Ben Cotterill explores practices and influences that can increase or decrease the accuracy of children’s testimonies. Memory mechanisms and general developmental factors behind the capability of child witnesses are outlined, demonstrating their ability to describe or identify. Factors that affect jurors' perception of said children are also looked into in detail.

There have been many instances in which poor interviewing practices with children led to false imprisonments. Said occurrences demonstrate how both situational factors and individual differences can potentially compromise children’s eyewitness performance. Based upon what we now understand, can recommendations be made, so that, in a court of law, innocence is the key to achieving justice?

1 Introduction
1(6)
The Scope of Children in the Legal System
4(2)
An Introduction to the Book
Chapters
6(1)
2 The Witch Hunts
7(12)
The Salem Witch Trials
8(3)
Day Care Sexual Abuse Panic
11(6)
Conclusions
17(1)
Suggested Further Reading
18(1)
3 An Introduction to Suggestibility
19(12)
Case Study
20(1)
Suggestibility
20(1)
Historic Views of Suggestibility
21(1)
Binet
22(3)
Modern Views of Suggestibility
25(3)
Source Monitoring
28(1)
Conclusions
29(1)
Suggested Further Reading
30(1)
4 Memory Mechanisms and Developmental Factors of Suggestibility
31(14)
Memory
32(1)
Externally Driven and Internally Driven False Memories
33(3)
Case Study
36(1)
Henry Otgaar's Argument
36(1)
Age-Related Differences in Memory
37(1)
Knowledge Differences
38(1)
Language Differences
38(2)
Theory of Mind
40(1)
Own-Age Bias
40(1)
Social Influences
41(1)
Other Influences
42(1)
Children's Ability to Lie
42(1)
Conclusions
43(1)
Suggested Further Reading
44(1)
5 True Cases of Child Eyewitnesses
45(20)
Nevis Nursery Case
45(2)
Devil's Dyke Rape Case
47(1)
Case of Jimmy Guard
48(2)
Poland Abduction Case
50(2)
Kidnapping of Elizabeth Smart
52(1)
Murder of Courtney Smith
53(4)
Disappearance of Maria Ridulph
57(4)
Conclusions
61(4)
6 Children's Describing and Identifying Capabilities
65(12)
Are Children Capable Witnesses?
65(1)
Everyday Conversations with Children
66(1)
Children Answering Nonsensical Questions
67(1)
Forensically Relevant Conversations with Children
68(3)
Accuracy of Child Eyewitnesses at Describing
71(2)
Accuracy of Child Eyewitnesses at Identifying
73(2)
Conclusions
75(1)
Suggested Further Reading
76(1)
7 External Factors of Suggestibility
77(16)
Question Types
78(2)
Question Repetition
80(2)
Delay and Repeated Interviews
82(1)
Interviewer Bias
83(2)
Stereotype Induction
85(1)
Interviewer Status
85(1)
Emotional Tone
85(1)
Current Interviewing Formats
86(3)
Case Study
89(1)
Case Study: Analysis
89(2)
Conclusions
91(1)
Suggested Further Reading
91(2)
8 Individual Differences Relating to Suggestibility
93(16)
Interview Extract One--Child A
94(1)
Interview Extract Two--Child B
95(2)
Age
97(1)
Gender
97(1)
Socioeconomic Status
98(1)
Cognitive Factors
98(1)
Temperament
99(7)
Conclusions
106(1)
Suggested Further Reading
107(2)
9 Juror Perceptions
109(14)
Case Study
110(3)
Case Study: Analysis
113(1)
Effects of Witness Age
114(1)
Effects of Interviewing Technique
115(1)
Effects of Witness Confidence and Shyness
116(1)
Juror Gender
117(1)
Juror Age
118(1)
Juror Personality
118(1)
Prosecution of Alleged Child Sexual Abuse
119(1)
Conclusions
120(1)
Suggested Further Reading
121(2)
10 Conclusion
123(38)
References
129(32)
Index 161
Ben F. Cotterill, PhD, is a lecturer in psychology at Clemson University in South Carolina, USA. He completed his doctoral dissertation on how children's temperament relates to their eyewitness performance. Dr. Cotterill's research interests include personality development, the reliability and credibility of eyewitness testimony, and testing police procedures used with children.
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