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E-raamat: Classroom Assessment in Multiple Languages: A Handbook for Teachers

  • Formaat: PDF+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 09-Dec-2020
  • Kirjastus: Corwin Press Inc
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781544394510
  • Formaat - PDF+DRM
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  • Formaat: PDF+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 09-Dec-2020
  • Kirjastus: Corwin Press Inc
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781544394510

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What if multilingual learners had the freedom to interact in more than one language with their peers during classroom assessment? What if multilingual learners and their teachers in dual language settings had opportunities to use assessment data in multiple languages to make decisions? Just imagine the rich linguistic, academic, and cultural reservoirs we could tap as we determine what our multilingual learners know and can do.

Thankfully, Margo Gottlieb is here to provide concrete and actionable guidance on how to create assessment systems that enable understanding of the whole student, not just that fraction of the student who is only visible as an English learner. With Classroom Assessment in Multiple Languages as your guide, you’ll:

  • Better understand the rationale for and evidence on the value and advantages of classroom assessment in multiple languages
  • Add to your toolkit of classroom assessment practices in one or multiple languages
  • Be more precise and effective in your assessment of multilingual learners by embedding assessment as, for, and of learning into your instructional repertoire
  •  Recognize how social-emotional, content, and language learning are all tied to classroom assessment
  • Guide multilingual learners in having voice and choice in the assessment process

Despite the urgent need, assessment for multilingual learners is generally tucked into a remote chapter, if touched upon at all in a book; the number of resources narrows even more when multiple languages are brought into play. Here at last is that single resource on how educators and multilingual learners can mutually value languages and cultures in instruction and assessment throughout the school day and over time. We encourage you to get started right away.

 

“Margo Gottlieb has demonstrated why the field, particularly the field as it involves the teaching of multilingual learners, needs another assessment book, particularly a book like this. . . . Classroom Assessment in Multiple Languages quite likely could serve as a catalyst toward the beginning of an enlightened discourse around assessment that will benefit multilingual learners.”

~Kathy Escamilla

Arvustused

"At long last, a book on K-12 assessment that takes an honest and comprehensive look at how the assessment needs of multilingual learners differ from those of monolingual learners. Gottlieb, building on a lifetime of wisdom regarding assessment for language learners, provides insightful, practical, and accessible advice for teachers and school leaders. She shares an abundance of tools and resources for putting responsibility for learning and reflection into the hands of teachers and school leaders and, most importantly, into the hands of the multilingual students themselves. This is no ordinary book of K-12 assessment practices; Gottliebs book exudes affirmation, respect, and value for our multilingual learners. This is social justice in practice." -- Lisa Tabaku, Director, Global Languages and Cultures "At its core, Classroom Assessment in Multiple Languages: Engaging Educators, English Learners, and Other Multilingual Learners puts forth a vision of assessment for multilingual learners that is collaborative, inclusive, and most importantly equitable. Dr. Gottlieb not only presents a comprehensive guide to align assessment, curriculum and instruction but her vision of this process honors the voices, as well as the linguistic and cultural assets that students bring to learning. The ESPEJO Curriculum Model, with its mirrored cultural and linguistic curricular components, is a powerful example of this inclusive and respectful approach that creates a fully reflective portrait of the student as curriculum." -- John F. Hilliard, President & Founder "When I first started working with complete beginners for the first time, I taught in English, interacted in English, assessed in English, and provided feedback in English. No wonder my students struggled so much in my class. I wish I had this guide to help me rethink how I assess language learners who are literate in their home language. Margo has been leading our field for decades now, and with this work she continues to help us shift our thinking about how we assess with an asset-based approach. Like her extensive body of work, this book adds the equity piece when assessing language learners." -- Tan Huynh, Social Studies & EAL Teacher "There are strong cultural, academic, and linguistic arguments for a pluralistic approach to working with bi/multilingual learners. While such an approach has been conceptualized by many for curriculum and pedagogy, the domain of assessment has proven to be more difficult. In this book, Margo Gottlieb addresses this gap in the field from a theoretical and practical perspective. She challenges all educators, including those who consider themselves monolingual or may speak languages other than those of their students, to approach assessment through a multilingual lens. The book uncovers common myths about multilingual assessment and provides practical strategies for educators to ensure fair and valid assessments for multilingual learners. A great resource for teachers and teacher educators." -- Ester de Jong, Professor, ESOL/Bilingual Education "This book is a powerful and very needed resource in todays multilingual learning spaces. Gottlieb demonstrates the importance of maintaining an asset-based lens while empowering educators to continue to fight for equity. This resource is unlike other professional books about assessment as it offers multidimensionality as weve never seen it- by leveraging our students linguistic assets and using assessment for, of, and as learning. This book features deeply reflective questions to help you as an educator, as well as instructional teams and administrative leadership, to grow and develop culturally and linguistically responsive and asset-based pedagogy. This is a must-read for todays empowered educator and change agent!" -- Carly Spina, District EL/Bilingual Instructional Coach "Margo Gottliebs Assessing Learning in Multiple Languages is a relevant and responsive book that challenges the monolingual bias of assessment in the United States. Full of scenarios and dispelling of myths, Gottlieb provides both theoretical underpinnings and practical strategies for multilingual assessment, which allows educators to be agents of assessment change in their own contexts. The books focus on social justice and equity for multilingual learners comes at a time when bilingual programs are growing in the United States, while there is a similar growing need for assets-based multilingual assessments that honor what students do know and are able to do in their mother tongues." -- Ivannia Soto, Professor of Education & Child Development "Colleague Margo Gottlieb shows us what can be done when we truly challenge our monolingual biases in favor of creating schools where the multilingual identities of our richly diverse student and family communities are truly honored and valued. She adeptly moves us away from measuring students successes and failures based on their performance on high stakes tests to assessing the uniqueness of their strengths and capacities as they engage in classroom-based projects, performances, and products. Whether we teach in-person, remotely or both, this timely book should be the go-to source of responsive assessment practices for a multilingual world." -- Debbie Zacarian, Ed.D., Founder

Foreword xiii
Kathy Escamilla
Preface xvii
About the Author xxxi
Chapter 1 Who Are Multilingual Learners And Why Assess In Multiple Languages?
1(25)
The Dilemma: But the term English learners doesn't accentuate what our students can do!
2(2)
What Is the Terminology (and Labels) for Multilingual Learners and Their Tie to Assessment?
4(4)
Multilingual Education
4(1)
Multilingualism
4(1)
Multilingual Learners
4(4)
What Are the Prevailing Theories of Language Learning?
8(3)
Translanguaging
10(1)
What Is a Framework for Classroom Assessment in Multiple Languages?
11(1)
How Might We Create a Language and Assessment Policy?
12(1)
The Big Question: Why Assess in Multiple Languages?
13(3)
Engaging Multilingual Learners in Assessment
14(2)
What Is Assessment as, for, and of Learning for Multilingual Learners in Multiple Languages?
16(2)
What Are Some Tips for Classroom Assessment in Multiple Languages?
18(1)
How Might We Face the Issue? Instill an Assets-Driven Philosophy in Your Classroom or School!
19(1)
For Younger Multilingual Learners
19(1)
For Older Multilingual Learners
19(1)
For Teachers and Other Instructional Leaders
20(1)
For School Leaders
20(1)
How Might We Resolve the Dilemma? Accentuate What Multilingual Learners Can Do!
20(1)
Resources for Multilingual Learners, Their Teachers, and Other School Leaders
Resource 1.1 For Teachers and Their Multilingual Learners: Our Classroom Language and Assessment Policy
21(1)
Resource 1.2 For Multilingual Learners: My Language Policy
22(1)
Resource 1.3 For Multilingual Learners: My Personal Portrait
23(1)
Resource 1.4 For Multilingual Learners and Their Teachers: My Classroom Portrait
24(1)
Resource 1.5 For Teachers and Other School Leaders: My Personal Use of Assessment as, for, and of Learning
25(1)
Chapter 2 How Do We Get Started With Assessment In Multiple Languages?
26(32)
The Dilemma: But I only speak English... someone needs to translate!
26(4)
How Do We Begin to Think About Assessment for Multilingual Learners in Multiple Languages?
30(1)
What Comes Next in Assessing in Multiple Languages?
31(4)
For Schools
32(1)
For Classrooms
33(2)
For Multilingual Learners
35(1)
How Is Classroom Assessment as, for, and of Learning Useful?
35(2)
Assessment as Learning
36(1)
Assessment for Learning
36(1)
Assessment of Learning
37(1)
How Do Standards Impact Assessment in Multiple Languages?
37(2)
How Is Assessment in Multiple Languages Related to Curriculum Design?
39(2)
Where Does Translanguaging Fit Into Curriculum, Instruction, and Assessment?
41(1)
How Might We Face the Issue? Create a Multilingual Resource Bank
42(1)
For Younger Multilingual Learners
42(1)
For Older Multilingual Learners
43(1)
For Teachers and Other Instructional Leaders
43(1)
For School Leaders
43(1)
How Might We Resolve the Dilemma? Enlist Multilinguals in the Assessment Process!
43(2)
Resources for Multilingual Learners, Their Teachers, and Other Instructional Leaders
Resource 2.1 For Teachers and Other Instructional Leaders: A Planning Sheet for Assessment in Multiple Languages
45(2)
Resource 2.2 For Teachers and Other Instructional Leaders: Planning the Flow of Assessment Data for Multilingual Learners Throughout the School Year
47(1)
Resource 2.3 For Multilingual Learners: My Multilingual Language Portrait
48(3)
Resource 2.4 For Multilingual Learners: A Sample Oral Language Use Survey for Multilingual Learners
51(2)
Resource 2.5 For Multilingual Learners: A Sample Literacy Survey for Multilingual Learners
53(2)
Resource 2.6 For Teachers and Other Instructional Leaders: Guidelines for Collecting Oral and Written Language Samples in Multiple Languages
55(1)
Resource 2.7 For Teachers and Other School Leaders: Considerations for Assessment in Multiple Languages: A Checklist and Rating Scale
56(2)
Chapter 3 Planning Classroom Assessment In Multiple Languages
58(27)
The Dilemma: But my students just socialize in their home language!
58(2)
What Does Classroom Assessment in Multiple Languages Entail?
60(3)
Additional Purposes for Classroom Assessment in Multiple Languages
61(2)
How Is Classroom Assessment an Expression of Curriculum Design?
63(8)
Features of Effective Curricula for Multilingual Learners
64(1)
A Model of Curriculum Design for Multilingual Learners
65(1)
Planning Assessment for a Unit of Learning in Multiple Languages: An Exemplar
65(6)
Planning Classroom Assessment as, for, and of Learning for Curriculum and Instruction
71(4)
Assessment of Learning
71(1)
Assessment for Learning
72(1)
Assessment as Learning
72(1)
Lesson Planning in Multiple Languages Within a Unit of Learning
73(2)
Where Does Translanguaging Fit in Planning Assessment?
75(1)
How Might We Face the Issue? Ask Questions and Listen to Your Students!
76(1)
For Younger Multilingual Learners
76(1)
For Older Multilingual Learners
76(1)
For Teachers and Other Instructional Leaders
77(1)
For School Leaders
77(1)
How Might We Resolve the Dilemma? Put Trust in Your Multilingual Learners!
77(2)
Resources for Multilingual Learners, Teachers, and Other School Leaders
Resource 3.1 For Teachers and Other School Leaders: Purposes for Classroom Assessment
79(1)
Resource 3.2 For Teachers of Multilingual Learners: Connecting Purposes for Assessment, the Final Project, and the First Week's Lessons
80(1)
Resource 3.3 For Teachers and Multilingual Learners: The Connection Among Purposes for Assessment, the Final Project, and the First Week's Lessons
81(1)
Resource 3.4 For School Leaders and Teachers: Evaluating the Effectiveness of Assessment in Curriculum Design for Multilingual Learners: A Rating Scale
82(1)
Resource 3.5 For Teachers and Coaches: Planning Assessment in Multiple Languages for a Unit of Learning
83(1)
Resource 3.6 For Teachers and Multilingual Learners: Planning Assessment in Multiple Languages for a Set of Lessons
84(1)
Chapter 4 Collecting And Organizing Assessment Information In Multiple Languages
85(36)
The Dilemma: But my colleagues and school leaders simply don't understand the value of multilingualism!
85(3)
Why Match Data to the Purposes for Assessment?
88(1)
What Resources Enhance Instruction and Assessment in Multiple Languages?
89(8)
Thinking About Multimodal Resources in Data Collection for Multilingual Learners
90(3)
Thinking About Translanguaging in the Data Collection Phase
93(2)
Thinking About Multiliteracies When Assessing in Multiple Languages
95(2)
How Might We Collect and Organize Student Samples in Multiple Languages?
97(7)
Collecting Receptive Language Data: Observing Student Interaction During Content Instruction
98(1)
Collecting Productive Language Data: Gathering Student Samples During Content Instruction
99(2)
Collecting Data During Distance Learning
101(1)
Organizing Data in Multiple Languages
102(2)
How Might We Face the Issue? Connect With Multilingual Families, Communities, and Other Educators
104(2)
For Younger Multilingual Learners
104(1)
For Older Multilingual Learners
105(1)
For Teachers and Other Instructional Leaders
105(1)
For School Leaders
105(1)
How Might We Resolve the Dilemma? Annotate Data From Your Multilingual Learners!
106(1)
Resources for Multilingual Learners, Their Teachers, and Other Instructional Leaders
Resource 4.1 For Teachers and Other Instructional Leaders: Matching the Purpose for Classroom Assessment With Data
107(1)
Resource 4.2 For Instructional Coaches and Teachers: A Checklist for Scaffolding Instruction and Assessment in Multiple Languages
108(1)
Resource 4.3 For Multilingual Learners: Using Images for Data Collection
109(1)
Resource 4.4 For Teachers and Multilingual Learners: Categorizing Student Samples of Multimodal Communication and Multiliteracies as Assessment as, for, and of Learning
110(1)
Resource 4.5 For Teachers of Multilingual Learners: An Inventory of Receptive Language Activities
111(2)
Resource 4.6 For Multilingual Learners: When I Listen, Read, and View
113(2)
Resource 4.7 For Teachers of Multilingual Learners: An Inventory of Activities for Speaking, Writing, and Illustrating
115(2)
Resource 4.8 For Older Multilingual Learners: When I Speak, Write, and Illustrate
117(2)
Resource 4.9 For Teachers of Multilingual Learners: Collecting and Organizing Receptive and Productive Data in Multiple Languages
119(1)
Resource 4.10 For Teachers and Multilingual Learners: Collecting Language Samples Representing Assessment as, for, and of Learning
120(1)
Chapter 5 Interpreting Information And Providing Feedback In Multiple Languages
121(25)
The Dilemma: But learning in multiple languages confuses students and teachers alike!
121(2)
How Might We Interpret Everyday Classroom Data in Multiple Languages?
123(7)
Generating and Interpreting Data From Classroom Observation
124(3)
Generating and Interpreting Data From Multimodal Communication and Multiliteracies
127(1)
Generating and Interpreting Data From Translanguaging
128(2)
What Are Some Strategies for Interpreting Literacy Data?
130(3)
Interpreting Literacy Through Content
130(3)
Student Self-Assessment of Character Traits: Interpreting Social-Emotional Learning
133(1)
How Might We Interpret Long-Term Projects in Multiple Languages?
133(1)
What Is the Role of Feedback in Classroom Assessment in Multiple Languages?
134(5)
Giving Content-Related Feedback
137(1)
Giving Language-Related Feedback
137(2)
What Is the Role of Collaboration in Interpreting Assessment Information?
139(1)
How Might We Face the Issue? Create an International Network of Educators
139(2)
For Younger Multilingual Learners
140(1)
For Older Multilingual Learners
140(1)
For Teachers and Other Instructional Leaders
140(1)
For School Leaders
140(1)
How Might We Resolve the Dilemma? Believe in Your Students as Learners!
141(1)
Resources for Multilingual Learners, Their Teachers, and Other Instructional Leaders
Resource 5.1 For Teachers and Other Instructional Leaders: Collecting and Recording Information on Multilingual Learners' Language, Literacy, and Translanguaging Practices
142(1)
Resource 5.2 For Instructional Leaders and Older Multilingual Learners: Student Milestones Based on Observational Notes
143(1)
Resource 5.3 For Multilingual Learners: A Rating Scale for Interpreting Text in Multiple Languages
144(1)
Resource 5.4 For Multilingual Learners: How I Learn
145(1)
Chapter 6 Evaluating And Reporting Assessment Information In Multiple Languages
146(28)
The Dilemma: But the same grading policy for all students, including multilingual learners, just doesn't make sense!
147(2)
What Is the Basis for Evaluating Information From Assessment in Multiple Languages?
149(1)
Rethinking Evaluating and Reporting Based on Assessment in Multiple Languages
150(1)
How Might We Report Assessment Results?
151(1)
Student Self-Reflection and Self-Reports: Assessment as Learning
152(5)
Metacognitive Awareness
153(1)
Metalinguistic Awareness
154(1)
Metacultural Awareness
155(2)
Classroom-Generated Reports: Assessment for Learning
157(1)
Unit-Level Reports: Assessment of Learning
158(1)
How Is Grading a Form of Evaluation?
159(5)
Grading Multilingual Learners
161(3)
How Might We Resolve the Dilemma? Make Sure Multilingual Learners Are Represented in Grading Practices!
164(1)
Grading Multilingual Learners in Times of Stress and Hardship
164(1)
How Can Teacher Collaboration Improve Grading Practices?
165(2)
How Might We Face the Issue? Evaluate Multilingual Learners and Multilingual Learners With Disabilities in the Context of Their Goals for Learning
167(1)
For Younger Multilingual Learners
167(1)
For Older Multilingual Learners
167(1)
For Teachers and Other Instructional Leaders
167(1)
For School Leaders
168(1)
How Might We Face the Dilemma? Make Sure Grading Practices Are Geared for Multilingual Learners
168(1)
Resources for Multilingual Learners, Their Teachers, and Other Instructional Leaders
Resource 6.1 For Multilingual Learners: A Rating Scale for Evaluating Assessment Tasks and Tests
169(1)
Resource 6.2 For Teachers and Other School Leaders: Analyzing Grading Practices and Policies of Multilingual Learners in Multiple Languages
170(1)
Resource 6.3 For Teachers and Multilingual Learners: Think-Aloud Questions for Building Metacognitive Awareness
171(1)
Resource 6.4 For Multilingual Learners: A Self-Evaluation Tool
172(1)
Resource 6.5 For Multilingual Learners: Language, Conceptual, and Social-Emotional Development for a Unit of Learning
173(1)
Chapter 7 Taking Action Based On Assessment Results In Multiple Languages
174(29)
The Dilemma: But assessment for multilingual learners is only in one language; what can we do to know who our students really are and what they can do?
174(3)
What Are the Assets That Multilingual Learners Bring to Classroom Assessment?
177(3)
Teachers Taking Action on Behalf of Their Multilingual Learners (Even If Only Knowledgeable in English)
178(2)
How Might We Strengthen Your Stance for Taking Action Through Assessment as, for, and of Learning?
180(3)
Assessment as Learning
182(1)
Assessment for Learning
182(1)
Assessment of Learning
183(1)
How Might We Take Action Through Reflective Practice?
183(5)
Reflective Practices of Teachers and Multilingual Learners
184(1)
Action Research by Teachers Throughout the Assessment Cycle
185(2)
Questioning by Students in Multiple Languages
187(1)
Becoming Assessment Literate: A Schoolwide Action
188(1)
Strength in Action for Large-Scale Assessment of Learning
188(1)
How Can Stakeholders Take Action Based on Assessment Results?
189(2)
Taking Action: Infusing Multilingualism and Multiculturalism in Curriculum, Instruction, and Classroom Assessment
190(1)
How Might We Face the Issue? Take Action to Make Assessment Equitable for Multilingual Learners!
191(1)
For Younger Multilingual Learners
191(1)
For Older Multilingual Learners
191(1)
For Teachers and Other Instructional Leaders
192(1)
For School Leaders
192(1)
How Might We Resolve the Dilemma? Assess Multilingual Learners in Multiple Languages!
192(2)
Resources for Multilingual Learners, Teachers, and Other School Leaders
Resource 7.1 For Teachers and Other Instructional Leaders: Making Assessment Plans for Assessment in Multiple Languages
194(1)
Resource 7.2 For Teachers and Other Instructional Leaders: Assessment as, for, and of Learning in Multiple Languages Throughout the Assessment Cycle
195(1)
Resource 7.3 For Teachers and Other School Leaders: Engaging in Action Research
196(1)
Resource 7.4 For Teachers and Other School Leaders: Taking Action Classroom by Classroom
197(1)
Resource 7.5 For Multilingual Learners: What Students Can Do: Taking Action Based on Classroom Assessment Results
198(1)
Resource 7.6 For Teachers and Other School Leaders: Taking Action on Behalf of Multilingual Learners
199(1)
Resource 7.7 For Teachers and Other School Leaders: Taking Action Based on Assessment Results
200(3)
Glossary 203(6)
References 209(12)
Index 221
Margo Gottlieb, Ph.D., has been a bilingual teacher, coordinator, facilitator, consultant, and mentor across K-20 settings. Having worked with universities, organizations, governments, states, school districts, networks, and schools, Margo has co-constructed linguistic and culturally sustainable curriculum and reconceptualized classroom assessment, policy, and practice. As co-founder and lead developer of WIDA at the University of Wisconsin-Madison in 2003, Margo has helped design and contributed to all the editions of WIDAs English and Spanish language development standards frameworks and their derivative products. She has been appointed to national and state advisory boards, served as a Fulbright Senior Scholar, and was honored by the TESOL International Association in 2016 for her significant contribution to the field. An avid traveler, Margo has enjoyed keynoting and presenting across the United States, territories, and 25 countries. Having authored, co-authored, or co-edited over 100 publications, including 22 books, Margos 3rd edition of Assessing Multilingual Learners: Bridges to Empowerment (2024) and Collaborative Assessment for Multilingual Learners and Teachers: Pathways to Partnerships (with A. Honigsfeld, 2025) are the latest additions to her Corwin compendium.

In 2025, Margo was inducted into the Multilingual Education Hall of Fame.