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E-raamat: Clean Mobility and Intelligent Transport Systems

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  • Sari: Transportation
  • Ilmumisaeg: 16-Oct-2015
  • Kirjastus: Institution of Engineering and Technology
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781849198967
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  • Formaat: EPUB+DRM
  • Sari: Transportation
  • Ilmumisaeg: 16-Oct-2015
  • Kirjastus: Institution of Engineering and Technology
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781849198967

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This book provides an overview of current topics in intelligent and green transportation on land, sea and in flight, with contributions from an international team of leading experts. A wide range of chapters discuss: the importance of Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS); ICT for intelligent public transport systems; ITS and freight transport; energy-efficient and real-time database management techniques for wireless sensor networks; proactive safety - cooperative collision warning for vehicles; electronic toll collection systems; business models and solutions for user-centered intelligent transport systems; digital infrastructures for increased safety, efficiency and environmental sustainability in shipping logistics; integrated visual information for maritime surveillance; automatic identification system (AIS) AIS signal radiolocation, tracking and verification; the impact of satellite AIS to the environmental challenges of modern shipping; how green is e-Navigation ; optimal ship operation: monitoring technology of ship overall heat balance; regulation of ship-source pollution through international convention regimes; foresight application for the transport sector; and trends in aeronautical air ground communications.



This book is essential reading for researchers, developers and students of ITS and clean and smart mobility.
Preface xiii
Acknowledgements xvi
Foreword xvii
1 Towards contributive development of services
1(22)
1.1 Introduction
1(3)
1.2 Exploration with Service Science
4(1)
1.3 Service Science approach
5(2)
1.4 Services as engines for innovation
7(1)
1.5 Triple push
8(2)
1.6 Collaborative development supporting innovation
10(2)
1.7 Towards contributory development of services
12(3)
1.8 Tiers-Lieu of general interest for creating services as common goods
15(3)
1.9 Conclusion
18(5)
References
19(4)
2 The importance of ITS in urban movement
23(26)
2.1 Traffic management and urban logistics
25(1)
2.2 Existing technologies
25(4)
2.2.1 Traffic signals
25(1)
2.2.2 Satellite tracking
25(1)
2.2.3 Probe vehicles
26(1)
2.2.4 Cellular data
26(1)
2.2.5 Automatic number plate recognition
26(1)
2.2.6 CCTV
27(1)
2.2.7 Vehicle detection systems
27(1)
2.2.8 Pollution monitors
27(1)
2.2.9 Variable message signs
27(1)
2.2.10 Road user charging
28(1)
2.3 Evolving technologies
29(1)
2.4 Key factors for success
30(3)
2.4.1 Cooperation, partnership and interoperability
30(1)
2.4.2 Targeting individuals -- optimising network performance
30(1)
2.4.3 Maximising ITS potential/minimising human intervention at operational level
31(2)
2.5 The importance of freight in urban areas
33(1)
2.6 ITS traffic management links with sustainable transport modes
33(1)
2.7 London -- Case studies for its traffic management
33(3)
2.7.1 Background
33(3)
2.8 Case study 1 -- Central London Congestion Charging scheme
36(5)
2.9 Case study 2 -- 2012 Olympic legacy
41(8)
2.9.1 Managing large groups of public transport users
41(1)
2.9.2 Managing road-based traffic
42(1)
2.9.3 Managing pedestrian flows
43(2)
2.9.4 Managing freight
45(2)
Bibliography
47(2)
3 ICT for intelligent public transport systems, state of knowledge and future trends
49(26)
3.1 General introduction
49(1)
3.2 Wireless systems for public transport applications
50(13)
3.2.1 Introduction
50(1)
3.2.2 Communication applications in public transport
50(2)
3.2.3 The main deployed technologies
52(4)
3.2.4 Intra-vehicle communications and between interconnected vehicles
56(2)
3.2.5 Middleware for communication system in the transportation field
58(4)
3.2.6 Internet of Things and wireless sensor networks
62(1)
3.3 Localization for public transport systems
63(5)
3.3.1 Introduction
63(1)
3.3.2 The basics of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS)
64(1)
3.3.3 Public transport experiences
64(3)
3.3.4 Challenges
67(1)
3.3.5 Conclusion
68(1)
3.4 Specific context of EM and propagation environments for railways and public transports
68(1)
3.5 General conclusion
69(6)
References
70(5)
4 ITS and freight transport: stakes and perspectives
75(16)
4.1 Introduction
75(1)
4.2 The role of ICT in extending the supply of transport services
76(5)
4.2.1 Prior to transport: ICT, optimisation of logistics and optimisation of the transport organisation
77(1)
4.2.2 ITS and transport and route optimisation
78(2)
4.2.3 ITS and the optimisation of city logistics
80(1)
4.2.4 ITS and the reduction of energy consumption and emissions
81(1)
4.3 What conclusion can we reach regarding the impact of ICT on transport services?
81(6)
4.3.1 The diversity of shippers' logistical needs
82(4)
4.3.2 Innovations that must take account of the possibilities of adoption by the social system of transport
86(1)
4.3.3 Technological innovations which must be associated with innovations of other types
86(1)
4.4 Conclusion: the implementation conditions for innovation
87(4)
Bibliography
88(3)
5 Energy-efficient and real-time databases management techniques for wireless sensor networks
91(26)
5.1 Introduction
91(2)
5.2 WSN-based applications
93(2)
5.2.1 Military applications
93(1)
5.2.2 Monitoring applications
94(1)
5.2.3 Environmental applications
94(1)
5.2.4 Urban and home automation applications
94(1)
5.2.5 Medical applications
95(1)
5.2.6 Commercial applications
95(1)
5.3 Energy-efficient and real-time databases techniques requirements
95(11)
5.3.1 Energy-efficient databases management techniques
96(7)
5.3.2 Real-time databases management techniques
103(3)
5.4 Discussion and open issues
106(1)
5.5 Conclusion
107(10)
Acknowledgements
107(1)
References
107(10)
6 Proactive safety -- cooperative collision warning for vehicles
117(18)
6.1 General description
117(1)
6.2 Main factors of CCW
118(1)
6.2.1 Positioning
118(1)
6.2.2 Vehicular communication
118(1)
6.2.3 Collision prediction
118(1)
6.3 CCW challenges
119(2)
6.3.1 Unnecessary calculation
119(1)
6.3.2 Vehicle's motion state changing
120(1)
6.3.3 Positioning error
120(1)
6.3.4 Different types of vehicles
121(1)
6.4 Communication techniques for cooperative safety
121(1)
6.5 CCW techniques
122(1)
6.5.1 Unsignalized intersection
122(1)
6.5.2 Acceleration and turning
123(1)
6.6 Our VCCW algorithm
123(6)
6.6.1 Architecture
124(1)
6.6.2 Information exchanging
124(1)
6.6.3 The collision calculation
125(4)
6.6.4 Judgment rule and alerting
129(1)
6.7 CCW systems
129(1)
6.7.1 Vector-based cooperative collision warning
129(1)
6.8 State of the art
130(2)
6.8.1 Automobile manufacturers -- collision avoidance system
130(2)
6.9 Conclusion
132(3)
References
132(3)
7 Electronic toll collection systems in Europe
135(22)
7.1 Introduction
135(2)
7.1.1 Why collect road tolls?
135(2)
7.2 Motorways, tunnels and bridge tolls
137(3)
7.2.1 France
138(1)
7.2.2 Italy
139(1)
7.2.3 Spain
139(1)
7.3 Free-flow charging and city congestion charges
140(3)
7.3.1 Norway
140(1)
7.3.2 Ireland
141(2)
7.3.3 Portugal
143(1)
7.3.4 England
143(1)
7.4 National schemes for electronic tolls for heavy vehicles
143(10)
7.4.1 Switzerland
145(1)
7.4.2 Austria
146(1)
7.4.3 Germany
147(1)
7.4.4 Czech Republic
148(1)
7.4.5 Slovakia
149(1)
7.4.6 Poland
150(2)
7.4.7 Hungary
152(1)
7.5 Interoperability
153(1)
7.6 The future
154(3)
7.6.1 Business drivers
154(1)
7.6.2 Payment trends
154(1)
7.6.3 Technology trends
154(1)
Notes
155(1)
Bibliography
155(2)
8 Business model and solutions for user-centric ITSs
157(30)
8.1 ITS: intelligent transportation system and intelligent total solution
157(6)
8.1.1 The history of ITSs and vehicle communication as well as its future
157(2)
8.1.2 Related research and conventional technologies
159(4)
8.2 Boundless, seamless, limitless
163(3)
8.2.1 ITS scenario and player roles
163(2)
8.2.2 Bridging all transportation methods
165(1)
8.3 Business model and solutions
166(6)
8.3.1 Conventional ITS architecture
166(1)
8.3.2 Business model generation
167(5)
8.4 Key technology
172(9)
8.4.1 Connected automated vehicle
173(4)
8.4.2 Wireless communication
177(4)
8.4.3 Clean energy and energy management 180
8.5 Conclusion
181(6)
References
181(6)
9 Digitalisation for sustainable sea transports
187(32)
9.1 Introduction
187(3)
9.2 Background
190(3)
9.3 Theoretical framework
193(3)
9.3.1 Value creation in multi-organisational business processes
193(3)
9.3.2 Episodic coupling
196(1)
9.4 The concept of STM
196(16)
9.4.1 The goal of STM -- increased collaboration and information sharing
200(5)
9.4.2 Enabling integrated performance by digitalisation
205(1)
9.4.3 Four concepts enabling STM
205(1)
9.4.4 Strategic voyage management
206(1)
9.4.5 Dynamic voyage management
207(1)
9.4.6 Flow management
208(1)
9.4.7 Port CDM
209(3)
9.5 Enabling digital streams and collaboration via SWIM
212(2)
9.5.1 A distributed view on SWIM
212(2)
9.6 Concluding reflections
214(5)
References
215(4)
10 Team management and soft skills: case studies and cross-connections on the creation of an effective working team
219(18)
10.1 Introduction and purpose
219(1)
10.2 The Qhaosing® or cross-connections model
220(1)
10.3 Case 1: `A crossroads to manage'
221(5)
10.3.1 Use of authority symbols
223(1)
10.3.2 Use of the remote control
223(1)
10.3.3 Use of a constraining control
224(2)
10.4 Case 1: `A strange car to drive'
226(3)
10.4.1 Knowing how to manage information
227(1)
10.4.2 Knowing how to manage others
228(1)
10.5 The modern team
229(1)
10.6 The talent
230(1)
10.7 A winning tactic
230(1)
10.8 Team Role Theory
230(1)
10.9 Stages of team development
231(1)
10.10 Build high-potential teams
232(1)
10.11 Project life cycle and team roles
233(2)
10.12 Conclusions
235(2)
References
235(2)
11 Integrated visual information for maritime surveillance
237(28)
11.1 Introduction
237(1)
11.2 Related work
238(4)
11.2.1 Systems using radars
240(1)
11.2.2 Satellite-based systems
240(1)
11.2.3 Systems using sonars
240(1)
11.2.4 Camera-based systems
241(1)
11.2.5 Discussion
241(1)
11.3 Architecture of the framework
242(13)
11.3.1 Visual detection
243(5)
11.3.2 Visual tracking
248(1)
11.3.3 VTS system
249(1)
11.3.4 Data fusion
249(2)
11.3.5 Object recognition
251(4)
11.4 Experimental results
255(2)
11.4.1 MarDT data
255(1)
11.4.2 VOC data
256(1)
11.4.3 Computational speed
256(1)
11.4.4 Discussion
256(1)
11.5 Enhancing air traffic control with visual data
257(3)
11.5.1 A framework for ground traffic surveillance in airports
259(1)
11.5.2 Aircraft detection
259(1)
11.6 Summary and conclusions
260(5)
References
261(4)
12 AIS signal radiolocation, tracking and verification
265(30)
12.1 Introduction
265(3)
12.2 Operational infrastructure and data collection
268(3)
12.3 ToA and TDoA measurements
271(2)
12.4 TDoA-based vessel localisation
273(4)
12.5 Vessel tracking using an Extended Kalman Filter
277(3)
12.6 Pre-operational results: initial processing and multilateration
280(6)
12.7 Pre-operational results: anomaly detection
286(5)
12.7.1 Anomaly detection with three or more TDoAs
286(2)
12.7.2 Anomaly detection with one TDoA
288(1)
12.7.3 Binomial thresholding
288(3)
12.8 Conclusions
291(4)
References
292(3)
13 The impact of Satellite AIS to the environmental challenges of modern shipping
295(16)
13.1 Background into AIS
295(1)
13.2 AIS and how it works
296(1)
13.3 The importance of first pass detection
297(2)
13.3.1 On-board processing (OBP)
299(1)
13.3.2 Spectrum de-collision processing (SDP)
299(1)
13.4 Comparison of varying methods of Satellite AIS reception techniques: OBP and SDP
299(1)
13.5 The challenges to environmental protection
300(1)
13.6 Satellite AIS for environmental protection
301(2)
13.7 Illegal ballast water exchange
303(1)
13.8 Oil spill identification
303(1)
13.9 Tracking illegal fishing
303(2)
13.10 Monitoring ship emissions
305(1)
13.11 Satellite AIS for environmental planning
306(3)
13.12 Conclusion
309(2)
14 How `green' is e-Navigation?
311(10)
14.1 The challenge -- `What do you mean by "protection of the environment", specifically?'
311(1)
14.2 Sustainability in maritime transportation -- the larger context
312(2)
14.3 The `message' of Marine Spatial Planning -- a reflection on the values involved
314(1)
14.4 Investigating the IMO e-Navigation strategy for its `greeness'
315(3)
14.5 Concluding postulates
318(3)
Disclaimer
319(1)
Abbreviations used and glossary of terms
319(1)
References
320(1)
15 Optimal ship operation: monitoring technology of ship overall heat balance
321(28)
15.1 Introduction
321(7)
15.1.1 IMO MEPC Circ. 684
321(1)
15.1.2 Objectives of these guidelines
322(1)
15.1.3 Definition
322(2)
15.1.4 Establishing an EEOI
324(1)
15.1.5 General data recording and documentation procedures
324(1)
15.1.6 Monitoring and verification
325(1)
15.1.7 Use of guidelines
325(1)
15.1.8 Calculation of EEOI based on operational data
326(2)
15.2 Present heat balance of marine diesel engine
328(14)
15.2.1 Wartsila waste heat recovery (WHR)
328(4)
15.2.2 Waste Heat Recovery System (WHRS) of MAN B&W
332(10)
15.3 Monitoring system for ship's heat balance
342(7)
Abbreviations
347(1)
References
347(2)
16 Regulation of ship-source pollution through international convention regimes
349(28)
16.1 Introduction
349(1)
16.2 Theoretical underpinnings
350(4)
16.2.1 Legal framework: the marine pollution spectrum
350(2)
16.2.2 Functional approach in regulatory law
352(1)
16.2.3 Concept of regulatory law
353(1)
16.3 Regulatory ship-source pollution conventions
354(18)
16.3.1 MARPOL Convention
354(9)
16.3.2 Oil Pollution Preparedness and Response Convention (OPRC)
363(1)
16.3.3 Dumping of wastes
364(1)
16.3.4 Basel Convention
365(2)
16.3.5 Ship Recycling Convention
367(1)
16.3.6 Ballast Water Management Convention (BWM)
368(1)
16.3.7 Anti-fouling Systems
369(1)
16.3.8 Nairobi Convention on Wreck Removal
370(2)
16.4 Sanctions and the penal law dimension
372(1)
16.5 Summary and conclusion
373(4)
Acknowledgements
374(1)
Acronyms
374(1)
Endnotes and references
374(3)
17 Foresight application for transport sector
377(24)
17.1 Introduction
377(1)
17.2 The essence of foresight
378(5)
17.3 Types of foresight initiatives
383(3)
17.4 Examples and good practice of foresight application in the transport sector
386(6)
17.4.1 Corporate foresight in mobility, transport and logistics
387(2)
17.4.2 Sectoral foresight in mobility, transport and logistics
389(3)
17.5 Benefits from using foresight approach
392(4)
17.6 Summary
396(5)
Abbreviations
397(1)
References
397(4)
18 Aeronautical air-ground data communications: current and future trends
401(18)
18.1 Aeronautical air-ground data communications
401(5)
18.1.1 Overview
401(3)
18.1.2 Current communication systems
404(2)
18.2 Future trends
406(13)
18.2.1 Aeronautical ad hoc network
407(5)
18.2.2 Shifting the communication paradigm in AANET
412(4)
References
416(3)
Contributor biographies 419(10)
Index 429
Michele Fiorini is Chairman of the IET Italy Network, member of the e-Navigation technical working group of the International Association of Marine Aids to Navigation and Lighthouse Authorities, and Project Engineering Manager for the 'Automatic National System of Radar Control for Maritime Areas of Poland' project realized by Selex ES. He served as Expert Evaluator for the Baltic Sea research programme BONUS (science for a better future of the Baltic Sea region), and was Session Chairman for Clean Mobility and Intelligent Transport Systems at the 2013 Euro-Asia Economic Forum (EAEF-2013), Xi'an, China.



Jia-Chin Lin is a Distinguished Professor in the Department of Communication Engineering, National Central University, Taiwan. He has served as an (associate) editor on several IEEE and IET journals: IEEE Communications Magazine, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, IEEE Signal Processing Letters, IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Magazine, IET Intelligent Transport Systems.