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1 | (18) |
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1 | (1) |
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ITU-T Recommendation G.694.2 |
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2 | (1) |
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ITU-T Recommendation G.695 |
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3 | (12) |
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Application Code Nomenclature |
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3 | (2) |
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Black Box and Black Link Approaches |
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5 | (1) |
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5 | (2) |
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7 | (1) |
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Unidirectional and Bidirectional Transmission |
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8 | (1) |
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8 | (2) |
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10 | (1) |
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11 | (2) |
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13 | (1) |
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13 | (1) |
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Center Wavelength Deviation |
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13 | (2) |
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15 | (1) |
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ITU-T Recommendation G.671 |
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15 | (4) |
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17 | (2) |
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Optical Fibers to Support CWDM |
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19 | (38) |
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Introduction to Optical Fibers |
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20 | (1) |
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Fiber Properties and Effects on CWDM System Performance |
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21 | (16) |
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21 | (1) |
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22 | (1) |
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23 | (1) |
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24 | (3) |
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27 | (1) |
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28 | (1) |
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Dispersion Effect when Transmitter Has Chirp |
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29 | (2) |
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Polarization Mode Dispersion |
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31 | (1) |
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31 | (1) |
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Theoretical Cut-Off Wavelength |
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32 | (1) |
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Effective Cut-Off Wavelength |
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32 | (2) |
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34 | (1) |
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35 | (2) |
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Overview of Common Transmission Fibers Used for CWDM |
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37 | (4) |
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Standard Single Mode Fiber (ITU-T G.652) |
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37 | (1) |
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Low Water Peak and Zero Water Peak Fiber |
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37 | (1) |
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Low Bend Loss Fiber Designs |
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38 | (1) |
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Nonzero Dispersion-Shifted Fiber (ITU-T G.655) |
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39 | (2) |
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NZDSF for Wideband Optical Transport (ITU-T G.656) |
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41 | (1) |
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Zero-OH- Single Mode Fibers for CWDM Applications |
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41 | (9) |
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41 | (2) |
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Manufacturing Process for Zero-OH- AllWave® Fiber |
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43 | (1) |
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The RIC-ODD Process and AllWave Fiber Performance |
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44 | (1) |
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44 | (2) |
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Interface Quality and Fiber Strength |
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46 | (1) |
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46 | (1) |
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46 | (1) |
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47 | (3) |
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50 | (1) |
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Dispersion-Compensating Fibers |
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50 | (7) |
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50 | (1) |
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51 | (2) |
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53 | (1) |
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53 | (4) |
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57 | (34) |
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58 | (3) |
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61 | (7) |
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Laser Types and Their Properties |
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62 | (1) |
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62 | (1) |
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Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser |
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63 | (1) |
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Distributed Feedback Laser |
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63 | (1) |
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64 | (1) |
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Externally Modulated Laser |
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65 | (1) |
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66 | (1) |
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66 | (2) |
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68 | (2) |
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69 | (1) |
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70 | (1) |
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Transmitters and Receivers |
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70 | (8) |
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Evolution of The Optical Transceiver |
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70 | (2) |
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72 | (1) |
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Uncooled Transmitters for CWDM |
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73 | (1) |
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74 | (2) |
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76 | (1) |
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76 | (2) |
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78 | (1) |
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78 | (13) |
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79 | (3) |
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82 | (1) |
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83 | (1) |
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Gigabit Interface Converter (GBIC) |
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84 | (1) |
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Small Form Pluggable (SFP) |
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85 | (1) |
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85 | (1) |
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Trends for Future CWDM Transceivers |
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86 | (1) |
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86 | (1) |
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86 | (2) |
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88 | (2) |
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90 | (1) |
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91 | (34) |
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91 | (3) |
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92 | (1) |
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Requirements for CWDM Filters |
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93 | (1) |
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Technical Options for Wavelength Division Multiplexing |
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94 | (10) |
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Gratings, Arrayed Waveguides, and Thin-Film Filters |
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94 | (1) |
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94 | (5) |
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99 | (2) |
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101 | (1) |
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Trade-Offs and Performance |
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102 | (2) |
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Properties of Thin-Film Filters |
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104 | (9) |
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Thin-Film Multi-Cavity Structures |
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104 | (7) |
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Manufacturing Process Steps |
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111 | (2) |
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Thin-Film Filter Packaging Solutions |
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113 | (9) |
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Cascaded 3-Port Packages, Multi-Ports, and Glass Package |
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113 | (1) |
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113 | (4) |
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117 | (2) |
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119 | (1) |
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119 | (1) |
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120 | (2) |
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Future Trends and Requirements |
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122 | (3) |
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123 | (2) |
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Optimizing CWDM for Nonamplified Networks |
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125 | (46) |
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125 | (3) |
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Optimized Design of CWDN Networks |
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128 | (7) |
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Attenuation Slope Compensating Wavelength Assignment |
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128 | (2) |
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130 | (1) |
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131 | (2) |
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133 | (1) |
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133 | (2) |
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Generalized Case of CWDM Design |
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135 | (3) |
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136 | (2) |
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Application: Wavelength Assignment in 4-Node Ring |
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138 | (14) |
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138 | (5) |
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Calculation of Filter Losses |
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143 | (9) |
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Analysis of Results for 4-Node Ring |
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152 | (4) |
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Nonattenuation Slope Compensating Wavelength Assignment |
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152 | (1) |
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Attenuation Slope Compensating Wavelength Assignment |
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152 | (2) |
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154 | (1) |
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154 | (2) |
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N-Node CWDM Meshed Network |
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156 | (12) |
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156 | (6) |
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162 | (6) |
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Conclusions and Future Work |
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168 | (3) |
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169 | (2) |
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171 | (28) |
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171 | (1) |
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Principles of Optical Amplification |
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172 | (5) |
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172 | (1) |
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173 | (1) |
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173 | (1) |
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174 | (1) |
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174 | (1) |
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175 | (1) |
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Gain Saturation and Gain Dynamics |
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176 | (1) |
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Challenges of Amplifying CWDM |
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177 | (3) |
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177 | (1) |
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Influence of Broadband Noise |
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178 | (2) |
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Doped Fiber-Based CWDM Amplifiers |
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180 | (2) |
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Semiconductor-Based CWDM Amplifiers |
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182 | (8) |
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182 | (2) |
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Challenges and Solutions: Dynamics, Gain Clamping |
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184 | (3) |
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Fiber Transmission Using SOAs |
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187 | (3) |
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Raman and Hybrid Amplifiers |
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190 | (3) |
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Amplified CWDM Transmission Line |
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193 | (1) |
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194 | (5) |
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194 | (5) |
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CWDM --- Upgrade Paths and Toward 10 Gb/s |
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199 | (52) |
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200 | (3) |
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Overview of CWDM Capacity Upgrade Options |
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203 | (8) |
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Increasing Per-Channel Bit-Rates (Option 1) |
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204 | (2) |
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The Channel Overlay (Option 2c) |
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206 | (3) |
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Equalization and FEC for CWDM Transmission |
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209 | (1) |
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209 | (1) |
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210 | (1) |
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211 | (12) |
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211 | (2) |
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Laser Chirp, Extinction Ratio, and Chromatic Dispersion |
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213 | (1) |
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Directly Modulated Laser Chirp |
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213 | (3) |
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Chirp and Chromatic Dispersion |
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216 | (2) |
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Chirp and Extinction Ratio |
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218 | (1) |
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Increased Bit-Rate Operation |
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218 | (1) |
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Uncooled DMLs for 10 Gb/s |
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218 | (1) |
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Operating 2.5-Gb/s Rated DMLs at 10 Gb/s |
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219 | (3) |
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Uther Laser Types for 10-Gb/s CWDM Systems |
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222 | (1) |
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CWDM System Upgrade Demonstrations |
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223 | (7) |
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Example for A DWDM Overlay |
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223 | (4) |
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Example for Mixed Bit-Rate Transmission |
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227 | (1) |
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Upgrade Using 10-Gb/s DML |
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228 | (1) |
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Upgrade Using a 10-Gb/s EML |
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229 | (1) |
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Mixed Fiber-Type Transmission |
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230 | (4) |
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10-Gb/s DML over All Wave and TrueWave-RS |
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230 | (2) |
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10-Gb/s DWDM Overlay with TrueWave-RS |
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232 | (1) |
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10-Gb/s EML with AllWave and Multiple Spans of TrueWave-RS |
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232 | (2) |
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Full-Spectrum CWDM at 10 Gb/s |
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234 | (17) |
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234 | (2) |
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FEC-Enabled Transmission over AllWave |
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236 | (1) |
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FEC and Equalization in a Full-Spectrum CWDM Experiment |
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236 | (6) |
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FEC and Equalization to Support Fully Bidirectional CWDM Transmission |
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242 | (3) |
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245 | (6) |
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CWDM in Metropolitan Networks |
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251 | (18) |
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252 | (7) |
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252 | (1) |
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253 | (1) |
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CWDM Network Building Blocks |
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254 | (1) |
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Multiplexer and Demultiplexer |
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254 | (2) |
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256 | (1) |
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257 | (1) |
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257 | (1) |
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258 | (1) |
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Key Issues for Optical Network Engineers |
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259 | (4) |
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263 | (6) |
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263 | (1) |
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Adding CWDM to Single Wavelength Networks |
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264 | (1) |
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Scalability with DWDM Over CWDM |
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265 | (1) |
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266 | (1) |
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267 | (2) |
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CWDM in CATV/HFC Networks |
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269 | (16) |
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269 | (1) |
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270 | (6) |
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273 | (1) |
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273 | (1) |
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274 | (2) |
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276 | (7) |
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276 | (1) |
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Forward Path Narrowcast Overlay |
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276 | (2) |
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278 | (1) |
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279 | (4) |
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CWDM in FTTx and Future Network Designs |
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283 | (2) |
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283 | (2) |
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CWDM for Fiber Access Solutions |
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285 | (28) |
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Introduction to Fiber-to-the-Home |
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285 | (9) |
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FTTH Basics and Standards |
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286 | (2) |
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Point-to-Point and Point-to-Multipoint |
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288 | (2) |
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290 | (1) |
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Advantages of CWDM in FTTx |
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291 | (1) |
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Is There Enough Bandwidth Using CWDM? |
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292 | (1) |
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Limitations of CWDM in FTTx |
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293 | (1) |
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294 | (6) |
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Combining CWDM and TDM to Create High Density PONs |
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294 | (1) |
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295 | (2) |
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Protocol Compatibility with Existing Standards |
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297 | (2) |
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299 | (1) |
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300 | (5) |
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Offering Different Services over the Same Network Infrastructure |
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300 | (1) |
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Multi-Carrier Infrastructure |
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301 | (1) |
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302 | (3) |
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Advanced CWDM Network Implementations |
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305 | (3) |
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CWDM Overlay on EPON Systems |
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305 | (1) |
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Ring-Based CWDM Metro/Access Network |
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305 | (1) |
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Wireless and CWDM Networks |
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306 | (1) |
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CWDM and D/UD-WDM Access Networks |
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306 | (2) |
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308 | (5) |
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309 | (4) |
List of Abbreviations |
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313 | (6) |
Index |
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319 | |