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E-raamat: Cognitive Linguistic Analysis of the English Imperative: With special reference to Japanese imperatives

(Hokkaido University)
  • Formaat: 260 pages
  • Sari: Human Cognitive Processing 35
  • Ilmumisaeg: 28-Mar-2012
  • Kirjastus: John Benjamins Publishing Co
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9789027274762
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Cognitive Linguistic Analysis of the English Imperative: With special reference to Japanese imperativesSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: 260 pages
  • Sari: Human Cognitive Processing 35
  • Ilmumisaeg: 28-Mar-2012
  • Kirjastus: John Benjamins Publishing Co
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9789027274762
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This volume offers the first comprehensive description of English imperatives made from a Cognitive Linguistic perspective. It proposes a new way of explaining the meaning and function of the imperative independently of illocutionary act classifications, which allows for quantifying the strength of imperative force in terms of parameters and numerical values. Furthermore, the book applies the theory of Construction Grammar to account for the felicity of imperatives in complex sentences. The model of description explains explicitly a wide range of phenomena, including frequency of use, prototypical vs. non-prototypical uses of the English imperative and the choice between longer vs. shorter directives including the imperative. A Cognitive Linguistic Analysis of the English Imperative: With Special Reference to Japanese Imperatives is intended for both researchers and students interested in the English imperative and Directive Speech Acts at large and for the linguists working within the Cognitive Linguistics and/or Construction Grammar approach.
List of figures
ix
List of tables
xi
Abbreviations xiii
Acknowledgments xv
Chapter 1 Introduction
1(20)
1.1 Aim and scope of the book
1(8)
1.2 Theoretical framework
9(1)
1.3 Data
9(1)
1.4 The structure of the book
10(2)
1.5 Key concepts
12(9)
1.5.1 Schema of the English imperative
12(2)
1.5.2 Prototype of the English imperative
14(1)
1.5.3 Force Exertion (outline)
14(1)
1.5.4 Force Exertion (specific applications)
15(2)
1.5.5 Second Person Subject
17(1)
1.5.6 Compatibility between constructions
18(3)
Chapter 2 Observing English imperatives in action
21(36)
2.1 Introduction
21(1)
2.2 What are the most frequent verbs in English imperatives?
22(2)
2.3 Four most frequent verbs and their usage patterns
24(18)
2.3.1 let's
25(8)
2.3.2 tell
33(3)
2.3.3 let
36(4)
2.3.4 look
40(2)
2.4 Four other frequent verbs
42(7)
2.4.1 come and go
43(4)
2.4.2 give and take
47(2)
2.5 Overt negation
49(2)
2.6 Common accompaniments of the English imperative
51(2)
2.7 Summary
53(4)
Notes
54(3)
Chapter 3 The meaning of the English imperative
57(36)
3.1 Introduction
57(1)
3.2 Previous research
58(9)
3.2.1 Anti-force account
59(2)
3.2.2 Illocutionary force account
61(2)
3.2.3 Cognitive Grammar accounts of indirect directive speech acts
63(4)
3.3 Inadequacies of previous analyses
67(3)
3.4 Schema of the English imperative
70(6)
3.5 Prototype of the English imperative
76(13)
3.5.1 Force Exertion
76(6)
3.5.2 Specific applications
82(5)
3.5.3 Second Person Subject
87(2)
3.6 Summary
89(4)
Notes
89(4)
Chapter 4 Accounting for some of the findings in
Chapter 2 and the choice between imperatives and indirect directives
93(28)
4.1 Introduction
93(1)
4.2 Accounting for some of the findings in
Chapter 2
93(8)
4.2.1 Preference for first person objects
94(4)
4.2.2 The systematic appearance of overt negation with a specific class of verbs and adjectives
98(3)
4.3 Choosing between plain imperatives and indirect directives
101(15)
4.3.1 Previous claims
101(3)
4.3.2 Indirect directives in The Sky is Falling
104(6)
4.3.3 Plain imperatives in The Sky is Falling
110(6)
4.4 Summary
116(5)
Notes
116(5)
Chapter 5 Mixed imperative constructions: Passive, progressive, and perfective imperatives in English
121(16)
5.1 Introduction
121(1)
5.2 Constructions and compatibility between constructions
122(1)
5.3 Imperatives with passive verbs
123(6)
5.4 Imperatives with perfect verbs
129(2)
5.5 Imperatives with progressive verbs
131(2)
5.6 Summary
133(4)
Notes
134(3)
Chapter 6 Conditional imperatives in English
137(36)
6.1 Introduction
137(1)
6.2 Previous findings and proposals
138(7)
6.2.1 Non-Relevance Theoretic accounts
139(4)
6.2.2 Relevance Theoretic account
143(2)
6.3 Problems with Relevance Theoretic and non-RT analyses
145(3)
6.4 And conditional imperatives: A Construction Grammar account
148(10)
6.4.1 The and conditional imperative as a distinct construction
149(2)
6.4.2 Left-subordinating and
151(4)
6.4.3 The imperative in the and conditional imperative is not allowed to exert maximally strong force
155(3)
6.5 Or conditional imperatives: A Construction Grammar account
158(6)
6.5.1 Asymmetric or
159(3)
6.5.2 The imperative in the or conditional imperative is not only prototypical but maximally strong in its Force Exertion
162(2)
6.6 Stative predicates in or conditional imperatives
164(2)
6.7 Summary
166(7)
Notes
167(6)
Chapter 7 English imperatives in concessive clauses
173(24)
7.1 Introduction
173(1)
7.2 Previous research
174(2)
7.3 Imperatives in concessive clauses
176(5)
7.4 Imperatives in reason clauses
181(2)
7.5 Explaining the findings
183(11)
7.5.1 Compatibility between constructions
184(1)
7.5.2 Why do concessive adverbial clauses allow imperatives both in rhetorical and ordinary use?
185(3)
7.5.3 Why do even though clauses tend to disallow imperatives?
188(6)
7.6 Summary
194(3)
Notes
195(2)
Chapter 8 Japanese imperatives
197(24)
8.1 Introduction
197(1)
8.2 Basics of Japanese imperatives
198(3)
8.3 Japanese imperatives and Force Exertion
201(7)
8.3.1 Japanese translations of prototypical English imperatives
201(2)
8.3.2 Japanese translations of non-prototypical English imperatives
203(5)
8.4 Mixed imperative constructions in Japanese: The case of passive imperatives
208(8)
8.4.1 Nitta's (1991) account of passive imperatives with command forms
209(3)
8.4.2 Passive imperatives with sitemiro `try'
212(2)
8.4.3 Accounting for the findings
214(2)
8.5 Summary
216(5)
Notes
217(4)
Chapter 9 Conclusions and prospects
221(4)
Notes
224(1)
References 225(12)
Data sources 237(2)
Name index 239(2)
Subject index 241
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