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E-raamat: Collective Actions in Europe: A Comparative, Economic and Transsystemic Analysis

  • Formaat: EPUB+DRM
  • Sari: SpringerBriefs in Law
  • Ilmumisaeg: 19-Aug-2019
  • Kirjastus: Springer Nature Switzerland AG
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9783030242220
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Collective Actions in Europe: A Comparative, Economic and Transsystemic AnalysisSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: EPUB+DRM
  • Sari: SpringerBriefs in Law
  • Ilmumisaeg: 19-Aug-2019
  • Kirjastus: Springer Nature Switzerland AG
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9783030242220
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This open access book offers an analytical presentation of how Europe has created its own version of collective actions. In the last three decades, Europe has seen a remarkable proliferation of collective action legislation, making class actions the most successful export product of the American legal scholarship. While its spread has been surrounded by distrust and suspiciousness, today more than half of the EU Member States have introduced collective actions for damages and from those who did, more than half chose, to some extent, the opt-out system.
This book demonstrates why collective actions have been felt needed from the perspective of access to justice and effectiveness of law, the European debate and the deep layers of the European reaction and resistance, revealing how the Copernican turn of class actions questions the fundamentals of the European thinking about market and public interest. Using a transsystemic presentation of the European national models, it analyzes the way collective actions were accommodated with the European regulatory environment, the novel and peculiar regulatory questions they had to address and how and why they work differently on this side of the Atlantic.


Arvustused

"Professor Nagy takes an important and detailed look at class and collective redress both inside and outside the European Union, providing useful insights to lawyers and policymakers in multiple jurisdictions.  This text is a welcome addition to the literature on large-scale dispute resolution and should be required reading for scholars and practitioners around the world."  Prof. S. I. Strong, Manley O. Hudson Professor of Law, University of Missouri

"While many European jurisdictions have introduced some form of collective redress, most comparative academic studies focus on comparisons between legislative regimes. Class Actions in Europe is a refreshing compact analysis of the topic from a comparative, economic and trans-systemic perspective, focusing on key factors of the design of an effective collective redress regime. It is a must read for everyone who wants to obtain a better understanding of the European approach to collective claim resolution and of its economic implications and impediments."



Prof. Ianika Tzankova, Professor of Law, Tilburg University

1 Introduction
1(8)
References
7(2)
2 Why Are Collective Actions Needed in Europe: Small Claims Are Not Reasonably Enforced in Practice and Collective Actions Ensure Effective Access to Justice
9(14)
2.1 What Are the Hurdles Faced by Small Claims in Europe
11(3)
2.2 How Do Collective Actions Overcome the Above Hurdles and Why Are They Efficient?
14(2)
2.3 Why Are Collective Actions Not Working Spontaneously if They Are Efficient?
16(1)
2.4 How Could Collective Actions Be Made Work?
17(3)
2.5 Summary
20(1)
References
20(3)
3 Major European Objections and Fears Against the Opt-Out System: Superego, Ego and Id
23(22)
3.1 European Objections Against Class Actions: Scruples or Pretexts?
23(15)
3.1.1 Constitutional Concerns: Private Autonomy and Tacit Adherence
24(6)
3.1.1 Opt-Out Collective Actions Are Alien to Continental Legal Traditions
30(3)
3.1.1 It Is Very Difficult to Identify the Members of the Group and to Prove Group Membership
33(2)
3.1.1 Opt-Out Collective Actions Would Lead to a Litigation Boom and Would Create a Black-Mailing Potential for Group Representatives
35(3)
3.2 The Headspring of European Taboos and Traditionalism: Party Autonomy and the State's Prerogative to Enforce the Public Interest
38(2)
3.3 Summary
40(2)
References
42(3)
4 Transatlantic Perspectives: Comparative Law Framing
45(26)
4.1 Disparate Regulatory Environments
45(7)
4.2 Why Should Europeans Not Fear the American Cowboy? Diverging Effects of Disparate Regulatory Environments
52(7)
4.3 The Novel Questions of Collective Actions in Europe
59(7)
4.3.3 Funding in the Absence of One-Way Cost-Shifting, Contingency Fees and Punitive Damages
59(3)
4.3.3 Two-Way Cost-Shifting
62(1)
4.3.3 Distrust of Market-Based Mechanisms in the Enforcement of Public Policy (No Private Attorney General)
62(1)
4.3.3 European Opt-In Collective Actions and Joinders of Parties
63(1)
4.3.3 Opt-Out Systems and the "Only Benefits" Principle
64(2)
4.4 Summary
66(1)
References
67(4)
5 European Models of Collective Actions
71(42)
5.1 The European Landscape: To Opt in or to Opt Out?
73(12)
5.2 Purview: Step-by-Step Evolution of a Precautious Revolution
85(3)
5.3 Pre-requisites of Collective Action and Certification
88(7)
5.4 Standing and Adequate Representation
95(3)
5.5 Status of Group Members in Opt-in Proceedings: Liability for Legal Costs and Res Judicata Effect
98(3)
5.6 Status of Group Members in Opt-Out Proceedings: Liability for Legal Costs, Res Judicata Effect and the "Only Benefits" Principle
101(4)
5.7 Enforcement
105(1)
5.8 Summary
106(2)
References
108(5)
6 Conclusions
113
6.1 Collective Actions Are Needed in Europe to Ensure Access to Justice and Effectiveness of the Law
114(2)
6.2 European Objections and Fears Against the Opt-Out System: Superego, Ego and Id
116(1)
6.3 Transatlantic Perspectives: Comparative Law Framing
117(2)
6.4 European Models of Collective Actions: A Transsystemic Overview
119(2)
6.5 Closing Thoughts: "Small Money, Small Football, Big Money, Big Football"
121(1)
References
122
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