| Preface to the Second Edition |
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xvii | |
| Introduction |
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xix | |
| I Counting |
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1 | (274) |
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3 | (48) |
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3 | (2) |
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5 | (2) |
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1.3 Counting Words and Permutations |
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7 | (3) |
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10 | (2) |
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12 | (2) |
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1.6 Counting Rules for Set Operations |
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14 | (2) |
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16 | (3) |
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1.8 Lotteries and Card Games |
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19 | (2) |
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1.9 Conditional Probability and Independence |
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21 | (4) |
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25 | (2) |
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1.11 Cardinality and the Bijection Rule |
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27 | (3) |
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1.12 Counting Multisets and Compositions |
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30 | (2) |
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1.13 Counting Balls in Boxes |
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32 | (1) |
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1.14 Counting Lattice Paths |
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33 | (3) |
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1.15 Proofs of the Sum Rule and the Product Rule |
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36 | (2) |
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38 | (1) |
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39 | (12) |
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2 Combinatorial Identities and Recursions |
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51 | (52) |
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2.1 Initial Examples of Combinatorial Proofs |
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51 | (2) |
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2.2 The Geometric Series Formula |
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53 | (1) |
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54 | (2) |
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2.4 The Multinomial Theorem |
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56 | (2) |
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2.5 More Binomial Coefficient Identities |
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58 | (3) |
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2.6 Sums of Powers of Integers |
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61 | (1) |
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61 | (3) |
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2.8 Recursions for Multisets and Anagrams |
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64 | (2) |
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2.9 Recursions for Lattice Paths |
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66 | (4) |
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70 | (4) |
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74 | (4) |
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78 | (3) |
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2.13 Surjections, Balls in Boxes, and Equivalence Relations |
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81 | (2) |
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2.14 Stirling Numbers and Rook Theory |
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83 | (4) |
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2.15 Stirling Numbers and Polynomials |
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87 | (3) |
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2.16 Solving Recursions with Constant Coefficients |
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90 | (3) |
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93 | (3) |
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96 | (7) |
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3 Counting Problems in Graph Theory |
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103 | (56) |
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103 | (2) |
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105 | (3) |
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3.3 Directed Acyclic Graphs and Nilpotent Matrices |
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108 | (4) |
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112 | (1) |
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113 | (2) |
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3.6 Cycle Structure of Permutations |
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115 | (2) |
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3.7 Counting Rooted Trees |
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117 | (2) |
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3.8 Connectedness and Components |
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119 | (3) |
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122 | (1) |
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123 | (2) |
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125 | (2) |
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127 | (2) |
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129 | (1) |
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3.14 Matchings and Vertex Covers |
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130 | (2) |
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3.15 Two Matching Theorems |
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132 | (1) |
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133 | (5) |
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138 | (3) |
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3.18 The Matrix-Tree Theorem |
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141 | (2) |
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143 | (4) |
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147 | (3) |
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150 | (9) |
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4 Inclusion-Exclusion, Involutions, and Mi3bius Inversion |
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159 | (32) |
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4.1 The Inclusion-Exclusion Formula |
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159 | (3) |
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4.2 Examples of the Inclusion-Exclusion Formula |
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162 | (1) |
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4.3 Surjections and Stirling Numbers |
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163 | (1) |
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164 | (2) |
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166 | (2) |
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168 | (3) |
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4.7 Involutions Related to Inclusion-Exclusion |
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171 | (1) |
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4.8 Generalized Inclusion-Exclusion Formulas |
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172 | (2) |
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4.9 Mobius Inversion in Number Theory |
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174 | (2) |
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4.10 Partially Ordered Sets |
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176 | (1) |
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4.11 Mobius Inversion for Posets |
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177 | (4) |
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181 | (1) |
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182 | (2) |
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184 | (7) |
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191 | (48) |
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5.1 What is a Generating Function? |
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191 | (3) |
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5.2 Convergence of Power Series |
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194 | (1) |
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5.3 Examples of Analytic Power Series |
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195 | (3) |
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5.4 Operations on Power Series |
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198 | (1) |
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5.5 Solving Recursions with Generating Functions |
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199 | (4) |
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5.6 Evaluating Summations with Generating Functions |
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203 | (1) |
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5.7 Generating Function for Derangements |
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204 | (1) |
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5.8 Counting Rules for Weighted Sets |
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205 | (1) |
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5.9 Examples of the Product Rule for Weighted Sets |
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206 | (2) |
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5.10 Generating Functions for Trees |
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208 | (3) |
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211 | (2) |
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5.12 Exponential Generating Functions |
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213 | (3) |
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5.13 Stirling Numbers of the First Kind |
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216 | (1) |
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5.14 Stirling Numbers of the Second Kind |
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217 | (2) |
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5.15 Generating Functions for Integer Partitions |
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219 | (3) |
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5.16 Partition Bijections |
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222 | (3) |
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5.17 Euler's Pentagonal Number Theorem |
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225 | (2) |
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227 | (3) |
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230 | (9) |
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6 Ranking, Unranking, and Successor Algorithms |
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239 | (36) |
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6.1 Introduction to Ranking and Successor Algorithms |
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239 | (1) |
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6.2 The Bijective Sum Rule |
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240 | (1) |
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6.3 The Bijective Product Rule for Two Sets |
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241 | (3) |
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6.4 The Bijective Product Rule |
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244 | (2) |
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246 | (3) |
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249 | (1) |
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250 | (2) |
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252 | (1) |
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6.9 Ranking Integer Partitions |
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253 | (1) |
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6.10 Ranking Set Partitions |
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254 | (2) |
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256 | (1) |
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6.12 The Successor Sum Rule |
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257 | (1) |
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6.13 Successor Algorithms for Anagrams |
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258 | (2) |
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6.14 The Successor Product Rule |
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260 | (2) |
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6.15 Successor Algorithms for Set Partitions |
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262 | (1) |
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6.16 Successor Algorithms for Dyck Paths |
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263 | (1) |
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264 | (2) |
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266 | (9) |
| II Algebraic Combinatorics |
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275 | (314) |
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7 Groups, Permutations, and Group Actions |
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277 | (50) |
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7.1 Definition and Examples of Groups |
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277 | (2) |
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7.2 Basic Properties of Groups |
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279 | (1) |
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7.3 Notation for Permutations |
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280 | (3) |
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7.4 Inversions and Sign of a Permutation |
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283 | (4) |
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287 | (3) |
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7.6 Automorphism Groups of Graphs |
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290 | (3) |
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293 | (3) |
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296 | (3) |
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7.9 Permutation Representations |
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299 | (2) |
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7.10 Stable Subsets and Orbits |
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301 | (2) |
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303 | (3) |
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7.12 The Size of an Orbit |
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306 | (2) |
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7.13 Conjugacy Classes in Sn |
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308 | (1) |
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7.14 Applications of the Orbit Size Formula |
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309 | (3) |
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7.15 The Number of Orbits |
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312 | (2) |
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314 | (2) |
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316 | (3) |
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319 | (8) |
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8 Permutation Statistics and q-Analogues |
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327 | (32) |
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8.1 Statistics on Finite Sets |
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327 | (2) |
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8.2 Counting Rules for Finite Weighted Sets |
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329 | (1) |
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330 | (1) |
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8.4 q-Factorials and Inversions |
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331 | (2) |
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8.5 Descents and Major Index |
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333 | (3) |
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8.6 q-Binomial Coefficients |
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336 | (1) |
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8.7 Combinatorial Interpretations of q-Binomial Coefficients |
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337 | (3) |
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8.8 q-Binomial Coefficient Identities |
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340 | (2) |
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8.9 q-Multinomial Coefficients |
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342 | (2) |
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344 | (3) |
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347 | (3) |
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8.12 Set Partitions and q-Stirling Numbers |
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350 | (1) |
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351 | (2) |
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353 | (6) |
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9 Tableaux and Symmetric Polynomials |
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359 | (70) |
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9.1 Fillings and Tableaux |
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359 | (1) |
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360 | (3) |
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9.3 Symmetric Polynomials |
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363 | (3) |
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9.4 Vector Spaces of Symmetric Polynomials |
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366 | (1) |
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9.5 Symmetry of Schur Polynomials |
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367 | (2) |
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9.6 Orderings on Partitions |
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369 | (3) |
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372 | (2) |
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374 | (3) |
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377 | (3) |
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9.10 The Bumping Comparison Theorem |
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380 | (2) |
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382 | (1) |
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9.12 Schur Expansion of halpha |
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383 | (3) |
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9.13 Schur Expansion of ealpha |
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386 | (2) |
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9.14 Algebraic Independence |
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388 | (1) |
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9.15 Power-Sum Symmetric Polynomials |
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389 | (1) |
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9.16 Relations between e's and h's |
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390 | (2) |
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9.17 Generating Functions for e's and h's |
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392 | (1) |
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9.18 Relations between p's, e's, and h's |
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393 | (2) |
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9.19 Power-Sum Expansions of hn, and en |
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395 | (3) |
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398 | (2) |
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9.21 Permutations and Tableaux |
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400 | (2) |
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9.22 Inversion Property of RSK |
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402 | (3) |
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405 | (2) |
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9.24 Matrices and Tableaux |
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407 | (3) |
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410 | (2) |
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412 | (2) |
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9.27 Skew Schur Polynomials |
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414 | (2) |
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9.28 Abstract Symmetric Functions |
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416 | (2) |
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418 | (3) |
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421 | (8) |
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10 Abaci and Antisymmetric Polynomials |
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429 | (52) |
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10.1 Abaci and Integer Partitions |
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429 | (2) |
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10.2 The Jacobi Triple Product Identity |
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431 | (2) |
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433 | (5) |
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10.4 k-Quotients of a Partition |
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438 | (2) |
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10.5 k-Quotients and Hooks |
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440 | (1) |
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10.6 Antisymmetric Polynomials |
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441 | (4) |
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445 | (1) |
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10.8 The Pieri Rule for pk |
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446 | (4) |
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10.9 The Pieri Rule for ek |
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450 | (1) |
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10.10 The Pieri Rule for hk |
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451 | (2) |
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10.11 Antisymmetric Polynomials and Schur Polynomials |
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453 | (1) |
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454 | (4) |
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458 | (2) |
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10.14 Skew Schur Polynomials |
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460 | (2) |
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10.15 The Jacobi-Trudi Formulas |
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462 | (4) |
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10.16 The Inverse Kostka Matrix |
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466 | (3) |
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10.17 Schur Expansion of Skew Schur Polynomials |
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469 | (4) |
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10.18 Products of Schur Polynomials |
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473 | (1) |
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474 | (3) |
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477 | (4) |
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11 Algebraic Aspects of Generating Functions |
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481 | (34) |
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11.1 Limit Concepts for Formal Power Series |
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481 | (3) |
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11.2 The Infinite Sum and Product Rules |
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484 | (1) |
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11.3 Multiplicative Inverses of Formal Power Series |
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485 | (2) |
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11.4 Partial Fraction Expansions |
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487 | (3) |
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11.5 Generating Functions for Recursively Defined Sequences |
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490 | (1) |
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11.6 Formal Composition and Derivative Rules |
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491 | (2) |
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11.7 Formal Exponentials and Logarithms |
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493 | (2) |
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11.8 The Exponential Formula |
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495 | (3) |
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11.9 Examples of the Exponential Formula |
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498 | (2) |
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11.10 Ordered Trees and Terms |
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500 | (2) |
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11.11 Ordered Forests and Lists of Terms |
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502 | (2) |
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11.12 Compositional Inversion |
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504 | (2) |
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506 | (3) |
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509 | (6) |
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515 | (74) |
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12.1 Cyclic Shifting of Paths |
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515 | (2) |
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12.2 The Chung-Feller Theorem |
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517 | (4) |
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12.3 Rook-Equivalence of Ferrers Boards |
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521 | (2) |
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523 | (2) |
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12.5 Parking Functions and Trees |
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525 | (4) |
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12.6 Mobius Inversion and Field Theory |
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529 | (2) |
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12.7 q-Binomial Coefficients and Subspaces |
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531 | (4) |
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12.8 Tangent and Secant Numbers |
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535 | (4) |
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12.9 Combinatorial Definition of Determinants |
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539 | (5) |
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12.10 The Cauchy-Binet Theorem |
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544 | (2) |
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12.11 Tournaments and the Vandermonde Determinant |
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546 | (2) |
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12.12 The Hook-Length Formula |
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548 | (5) |
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553 | (6) |
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12.14 Quasisymmetric Polynomials |
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559 | (4) |
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12.15 Pfaffians and Perfect Matchings |
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563 | (7) |
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12.16 Domino Tilings of Rectangles |
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570 | (6) |
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576 | (2) |
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578 | (11) |
| Appendix: Definitions from Algebra |
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589 | (6) |
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589 | (1) |
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Vector Spaces and Algebras |
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590 | (3) |
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593 | (2) |
| Bibliography |
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595 | (8) |
| Index |
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603 | |