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E-raamat: Communication Networks Economy

  • Formaat: PDF+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 16-Sep-2016
  • Kirjastus: ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons Inc
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781119361381
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Communication Networks EconomySuurem pilt
  • Formaat: PDF+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 16-Sep-2016
  • Kirjastus: ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons Inc
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781119361381
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In an increasingly interconnected world, "Communication Networks Economy" provides the rational understanding necessary to provide universal access to communication means in an efficient way. This book presents the principal elements of the economics of a network as it stands today, taking into account experiences of technicians in the field.

The author gives a simplified picture of the current situation in terms of structures and architecture of a network, bearing in mind the necessary quality of service and the profitability of investments, accompanied by references to recent economic works. An overview is given on the general themes of regulation and tariff principles, and the relations between supply and demand, from the perspectives of professional and residential users and network operators. Different aspects of the present situations of networks and the incidence of the Internet on the economy are also presented.

In conclusion, the reader will obtain an overview of the most significant issues likely to influence the economics of communications networks as they are today.
Preface xiii
Chapter 1 The Challenges of Building a Network 1(28)
1.1 Construction of a national network
1(4)
1.1.1 Network creation priorities
1(4)
1.1.2 Links with the international community
5(1)
1.2 Security of network operations
5(5)
1.2.1 Security architecture
6(1)
1.2.2 History of security architecture in France
6(1)
1.2.3 Operational security of a network
7(1)
1.2.4 Elements of network security
8(2)
1.3 State communications network
10(1)
1.4 System for connecting network users
11(1)
1.5 The search for regulations and network growth
11(12)
1.5.1 The need for rules in economics
11(1)
1.5.2 Definition of common property
12(2)
1.5.3 The first national accounts
14(1)
1.5.4 Christaller and LOsch's "central place" model
15(1)
1.5.5 Central places and Pareto
16(4)
1.5.6 Practical logistics rules
20(1)
1.5.7 Jipp correlation
21(2)
1.6 Land use planning
23(3)
1.6.1 Cities, regions and territories
23(1)
1.6.2 Telecommunications buildings
24(1)
1.6.3 The search for an optimal model
24(2)
1.7 So-called "network" laws
26(1)
1.7.1 Metcalfe's law
26(1)
1.7.2 Kao's law
26(1)
1.7.3 Odlyzko's law
26(1)
1.8 Usage metrics for digital technology
27(1)
1.8.1 ICT Development Index
27(1)
1.8.2 Digital barometer
28(1)
1.9 Conclusions
28(1)
Chapter 2 Network Structure and Architecture 29(58)
2.1 Analog and digital
29(5)
2.1.1 Terminology
29(1)
2.1.2 Historical overview
29(1)
2.1.3 Necessary network equipment
30(3)
2.1.4 Traffic metrics
33(1)
2.2 Distribution network
34(15)
2.2.1 Wholesale and retail markets
34(3)
2.2.2 The different structures of fixed subscriber lines
37(5)
2.2.3 Connections via radio link
42(7)
2.3 Long-distance connections
49(1)
2.4 Next-generation networks
50(3)
2.4.1 Next-generation network structure
50(2)
2.4.2 Energy supply
52(1)
2.4.3 The relationship between traffic and time
53(1)
2.5 Internet
53(13)
2.5.1 Types of Internet connection
53(3)
2.5.2 Organization of the Internet
56(1)
2.5.3 Organizations involved
56(3)
2.5.4 Internet addressing and e-mail addresses
59(3)
2.5.5 Connections between IP networks
62(3)
2.5.6 The concept of "Internet governance"
65(1)
2.6 Digital network terminals
66(3)
2.6.1 Main models used in 2016
66(1)
2.6.2 Selling or renting a terminal
67(1)
2.6.3 Bring your own device (BYOD)
68(1)
2.7 Internet applications
69(11)
2.7.1 The Internet and the Web
69(1)
2.7.2 Mode of operation
70(1)
2.7.3 Voice applications and voice messaging
71(1)
2.7.4 Text messaging
72(1)
2.7.5 Searching for information online
73(1)
2.7.6 Videos
74(1)
2.7.7 Online music
75(1)
2.7.8 Personal data
76(1)
2.7.9 Online purchases
76(1)
2.7.10 Geolocation
76(1)
2.7.11 Social networks
77(1)
2.7.12 The Internet of Things
77(1)
2.7.13 Banking applications
78(1)
2.7.14 Online gaming
79(1)
2.7.15 The Cloud
79(1)
2.8 Overview of network connections
80(1)
2.8.1 Distribution network
80(1)
2.8.2 National network
80(1)
2.8.3 International connections
80(1)
2.8.4 High and very high speeds
81(1)
2.9 Network management staff
81(3)
2.10 Assessments considered by network operators
84(3)
2.10.1 Internet revenues
84(1)
2.10.2 Controlling content
85(1)
2.10.3 Structural weaknesses
85(2)
Chapter 3 Communications Services Regulations 87(38)
3.1 The international regulatory framework
87(10)
3.1.1 Trade agreements between States
87(4)
3.1.2 International financial bodies
91(1)
3.1.3 Technical standardization bodies
92(4)
3.1.4 Globalization and economic growth
96(1)
3.2 The European regulatory framework
97(3)
3.2.1 The European Commission
97(1)
3.2.2 BEREC
97(1)
3.2.3 Standardization of telecommunications and ICT
98(2)
3.3 Main French authorities involved
100(2)
3.3.1 ADLC
100(1)
3.3.2 ARCEP
100(1)
3.3.3 CNIL
100(1)
3.3.4 DGCCRF
101(1)
3.3.5 CSA
101(1)
3.3.6 AFNOR
101(1)
3.4 1980s tariff principles
102(7)
3.4.1 Assessment of implementation costs
102(2)
3.4.2 Background to circuit switching
104(2)
3.4.3 Calculation of accounting rates
106(1)
3.4.4 Collection charges
107(1)
3.4.5 Network access and use
108(1)
3.4.6 Practices in 1985
108(1)
3.5 1990s reform
109(1)
3.6 Tariff principles in force in 2016
110(7)
3.6.1 NGN technology
110(2)
3.6.2 Internet traffic
3.6.3 Mobile traffic
112(2)
3.6.4 Current practices in 2015
114(3)
3.6.5 Conclusions
117(1)
3.7 Pricing practices
117(8)
3.7.1 Tariff levels
117(2)
3.7.2 International balance sheet
119(3)
3.7.3 Sales revenue and GDP
122(3)
Chapter 4 Supply and Demand in Communications 125(44)
4.1 Providers and customers
125(11)
4.1.1 Service provisions
125(7)
4.1.2 Satisfaction of needs in communications services
132(2)
4.1.3 The long tail
134(1)
4.1.4 Monopoly, duopoly or competition
135(1)
4.1.5 Billing the data rate
135(1)
4.2 Obligations of network operators
136(12)
4.2.1 Responsibilities of a country's main operator
136(1)
4.2.2 Public service tasks and universal service
137(3)
4.2.3 People with disabilities and under-age children
140(2)
4.2.4 Security of transactions
142(1)
4.2.5 Internet neutrality
143(3)
4.2.6 Respect for personal data
146(2)
4.3 Remote payments
148(8)
4.3.1 Currency and remote payment
148(1)
4.3.2 Electronic trade
149(4)
4.3.3 GAFA and online sales
153(1)
4.3.4 Contactless payment
154(1)
4.3.5 FinTech
155(1)
4.4 "P2P" exchanges
156(6)
4.4.1 P2P, Blockchain and Bitcoin
156(1)
4.4.2 Alternative cryptocurrencies
157(1)
4.4.3 Other Blockchain applications
158(2)
4.4.4 Banks and P2P
160(2)
4.5 Remote computing
162(2)
4.6 Features of the digital economy
164(5)
4.6.1 Key features
164(1)
4.6.2 Preferred sectors
165(1)
4.6.3 Company organization
165(2)
4.6.4 Digital refusers
167(2)
Chapter 5 The Impact of the Internet on the Economy 169(62)
5.1 Network operators and the new economic order
169(11)
5.1.1 Governance and regulations
169(6)
5.1.2 Advertising revenue
175(1)
5.1.3 Taxing the Internet
176(1)
5.1.4 Difficulties encountered by operators
177(1)
5.1.5 The slowdown of the electronics market
178(1)
5.1.6 The four faces of hacking
179(1)
5.2 The Internet's original provisions
180(16)
5.2.1 Communications packages
180(4)
5.2.2 The press and information
184(2)
5.2.3 Adapting professions to digital technology
186(6)
5.2.4 The Internet and society
192(4)
5.3 The new economy
196(9)
5.3.1 Industrial and commercial cycles
196(3)
5.3.2 New economic paradigm
199(2)
5.3.3 The typical actors in the digital economy
201(3)
5.3.4 Factors for success provided by NGN
204(1)
5.4 Longevity of network services
205(9)
5.4.1 Political and regulatory variables
205(1)
5.4.2 Technological risks
206(1)
5.4.3 The Moore Conjecture
207(2)
5.4.4 The crisis of the components industry
209(5)
5.5 The Internet and politics
214(6)
5.5.1 Monetary policy in 2016
214(1)
5.5.2 The Internet, an instrument of capitalism
215(2)
5.5.3 The Internet, an instrument for domination
217(2)
5.5.4 The dangers of the American economy
219(1)
5.5.5 The worries of the West
219(1)
5.6 Experts faced with the future of the Internet
220(11)
5.6.1 The sharing economy
221(1)
5.6.2 The social justification of the Internet
222(1)
5.6.3 An economy of inequalities
223(1)
5.6.4 The ebb and flow of capital
223(1)
5.6.5 A financial catastrophe in the making
224(2)
5.6.6 The economic cycles of electronics
226(1)
5.6.7 Moving toward an economic "third age"
226(2)
5.6.8 The end of the world and the death of the Internet
228(3)
Chapter 6 The Economy and the Future of the Internet 231(8)
6.1 Building a national network
231(1)
6.2 Internet network structures
232(1)
6.3 Network regulations and pricing systems
233(1)
6.4 The issue of supply and demand
233(1)
6.5 The Internet and the economy
234(2)
6.6 An Internet of optimists
236(3)
Appendices 239(36)
Appendix 1 GNP, GNI and GDP
241(4)
Appendix 2 Potential Harmfulness of Radio Waves
245(2)
Appendix 3 ICT and Telecommunications: Sustainable Development
247(2)
Appendix 4 Variation in "Working Day" Telephone Traffic in 1970
249(2)
Appendix 5 Hourly Variation in National Phone Tariffs (1985)
251(2)
Appendix 6 Measuring the Information Society (11 October 2012) - ITU
253(2)
Appendix 7 The Development of SIM Cards
255(2)
Appendix 8 List of Recommendations from ITU-T Study Group 3
257(6)
Appendix 9 The Cost of Capital
263(2)
Appendix 10 NGN and the Internet in Figures
265(6)
Appendix 11 Standardization of Mobile Financial Services (Extract - ITU-T, February 2016)
271(2)
Appendix 12 The Internet's Flaws (Vint Cerf)
273(2)
Bibliography 275(6)
Glossary 281(6)
Index 287
Daniel Battu was previously a Chief Engineer of Telecommunications and is currently a consultant in network standardization. He is the author of several technical publications in telecoms and multimedia and a former researcher at CNET (R&D Group) and a multimedia teacher at Paris-Dauphine University in France.
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