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E-raamat: Computational Modeling of Pulverized Coal Fired Boilers

(Thermax, Ltd., Pune, India), (National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, India)
  • Formaat: 271 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 02-Dec-2014
  • Kirjastus: CRC Press Inc
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781482215359
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Computational Modeling of Pulverized Coal Fired BoilersSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: 271 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 02-Dec-2014
  • Kirjastus: CRC Press Inc
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781482215359
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"Harness State-of-the-Art Computational Modeling Tools Computational Modeling of Pulverized Coal Fired Boilers successfully establishes the use of computational modeling as an effective means to simulate and enhance boiler performance. This text factors in how computational flow models can provide a framework for developing a greater understanding of the underlying processes in PC boilers. It also provides a detailed account of the methodology of computational modeling of pulverized coal boilers, as wellas an apt approach to modeling complex processes occurring in PC boilers in a manageable way.Connects Modeling with Real-Life ApplicationsRestricted to the combustion side of the boiler (the authors assume some prior background of reaction engineering and numerical techniques), the book describes the individual aspects of combustion and heat recovery sections of PC boilers that can be used to further improve the design methodologies, optimize boiler performance, and solve practical boiler-related problems. The book provides guidelines on implementing the material in commercial CFD solvers, summarizes key points, and presents relevant case studies. It can also be used to model larger boilers based on conventional, super-critical, or ultra-super critical technologies as well as based on oxy-fuel technologies.Consisting of six chapters, this functional text:Provides a general introductionExplains the overall approach and methodologyExplores kinetics of coal pyrolysis (devolatilization) and combustion and methods of its evaluationPresents computational flow modeling approach to simulate pulverized coal fired boiler Covers modeling aspects from formulation of model equations to simulation methodologyDetermines typical results obtained with computational flow modelsDiscusses the phenomenological models or reactor network modelsIncludes practical applications of computational modelingComputational Modeling of Pulverized Coal Fired Boilers explores the potential of computational models for better engineering of pulverized coal boilers, and serves as an ideal resource for practicing engineers working in utility industries. It is also benefits boiler design companies, industrial consultants, R & D laboratories, and engineering scientists/research students"--



Harness State-of-the-Art Computational Modeling Tools

Computational Modeling of Pulverized Coal Fired Boilers successfully establishes the use of computational modeling as an effective means to simulate and enhance boiler performance. This text factors in how computational flow models can provide a framework for developing a greater understanding of the underlying processes in PC boilers. It also provides a detailed account of the methodology of computational modeling of pulverized coal boilers, as well as an apt approach to modeling complex processes occurring in PC boilers in a manageable way.

Connects Modeling with Real-Life Applications

Restricted to the combustion side of the boiler (the authors assume some prior background of reaction engineering and numerical techniques), the book describes the individual aspects of combustion and heat recovery sections of PC boilers that can be used to further improve the design methodologies, optimize boiler performance, and solve practical boiler-related problems. The book provides guidelines on implementing the material in commercial CFD solvers, summarizes key points, and presents relevant case studies. It can also be used to model larger boilers based on conventional, super-critical, or ultra-super critical technologies as well as based on oxy-fuel technologies.

Consisting of six chapters, this functional text:

  • Provides a general introduction
  • Explains the overall approach and methodology
  • Explores kinetics of coal pyrolysis (devolatilization) and combustion and methods of its evaluation
  • Presents computational flow modeling approach to simulate pulverized coal fired boiler Covers modeling aspects from formulation of model equations to simulation methodology
  • Determines typical results obtained with computational flow models
  • Discusses the phenomenological models or reactor network models
  • Includes practical applications of computational modeling

Computational Modeling of Pulverized Coal Fired Boilers explores the potential of computational models for better engineering of pulverized coal boilers, and serves as an ideal resource for practicing engineers working in utility industries. It is also benefits boiler design companies, industrial consultants, R & D laboratories, and engineering scientists/research students.

Arvustused

"This book aims to provide the reader with a pragmatic approach to modeling pulverized coal fire boilers. Because of the importance of improving the efficiency of such systems and reducing CO2 emissions, this book would serve as a good reference text for future engineers engaging in handling pulverized coal fire boilers. The close link between CFD and reactor models represents the unique feature of this book." Guan Heng Yeoh, Associate Professor, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia

"The book presents an overall view of PC boilers design, operation, as well useful suggestions on their modeling and simulation." Prof. Dr. Marcio Luiz de Souza-Santos, University of Campinas

Preface ix
About the Authors xiii
1 Introduction 1(18)
1.1 Coal Fired Boilers
6(7)
1.2 Computational Modeling
13(2)
1.3 Organization of the Book
15(2)
References
17(2)
2 Toward the Computational Modeling of Pulverized Coal Fired Boilers 19(14)
2.1 Overall Approach
21(2)
2.2 Engineering Design Models
23(1)
2.3 Particle-Level Models
24(2)
2.4 Boiler-Level Models
26(3)
2.4.1 Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Models
27(1)
2.4.2 Reactor Network Models
28(1)
2.5 Applying Computational Models to Practice
29(1)
2.6 Summary
30(1)
References
30(3)
3 Kinetics of Coal Devolatilization and Combustion: Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Drop-Tube Furnace (DTF) 33(48)
3.1 Coal Devolatilization and Combustion
37(8)
3.2 Coal Characterization Using Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA)
45(8)
3.2.1 Typical Example of a TGA Experiment
46(1)
3.2.2 Processing TGA Data
47(6)
3.3 Coal Characterization Using the Drop-Tube Furnace (DTF)
53(21)
3.3.1 Typical Example of a DTF Experiment
54(1)
3.3.2 Processing DTF Data
55(27)
3.3.2.1 CFD Model Equations
59(8)
3.3.2.2 Boundary Conditions and Numerical Simulation
67(1)
3.3.2.3 Application of CFD Models to Simulate DTF Data
68(6)
3.4 Summary and Conclusions
74(1)
References
75(6)
4 CFD Model of a Pulverized Coal Fired Boiler 81(84)
4.1 Formulation of CFD Model of a PC Fired Boiler
82(36)
4.1.1 Overall Continuity and Momentum Balance Equations
84(8)
4.1.2 Species Balance Equations
92(5)
4.1.3 Energy Balance Equations
97(13)
4.1.3.1 P-1 Radiation Model
101(1)
4.1.3.2 Discrete Ordinate (DO) Radiation Model
102(8)
4.1.4 Formation of NOx and SOx
110(3)
4.1.5 Particle Deposition on Walls and Heat Transfer through the Deposit Layer
113(5)
4.2 CFD Simulations of a PC Fired Boiler
118(37)
4.2.1 Numerical Simulation and Simplifying the Geometry of PC Fired Boilers
119(8)
4.2.1.1 Grid Generation for a PC Fired Boiler
121(1)
4.2.1.2 Characteristics of Porous Block Representing Internal Heat Exchangers
122(5)
4.2.2 Simulation of Cold Air Velocity Tests (CAVTs)
127(1)
4.2.3 Simulation of a Typical 210-MWe High-Ash Coal Fired Boiler
127(12)
4.2.3.1 Gas Flow
131(1)
4.2.3.2 Particle Trajectories
132(1)
4.2.3.3 Temperature Distribution
133(2)
4.2.3.4 Species Profile
135(1)
4.2.3.5 Heat Transfer to Heat Exchangers
136(1)
4.2.3.6 Characteristics of the Crossover Pass
137(2)
4.2.4 Influence of Operating Parameters on Boiler Performance
139(29)
4.2.4.1 Excess Air (i.e., Fuel/Air Ratio)
143(2)
4.2.4.2 Burner Tilt
145(6)
4.2.4.3 Effect of Boiler Load
151(1)
4.2.4.4 Coal Blends
152(3)
4.3 Summary and Conclusions
155(2)
References
157(8)
5 Reactor Network Model (RNM) of a Pulverized Coal Fired Boiler 165(42)
5.1 Approach to Develop Reactor Network Models
166(2)
5.2 Formulation of Reactor Network Models from CFD Simulations
168(15)
5.2.1 Formulation of Reactors/Zones in a PC Fired Boiler
168(9)
5.2.2 Formulation of Reactor Network from the Identified Zones
177(6)
5.3 Model Equations and Solution
183(13)
5.3.1 Continuous Phase
184(2)
5.3.2 Discrete Phase
186(4)
5.3.2.1 Particle Mass Balance
186(3)
5.3.2.2 Particle Energy Balance
189(1)
5.3.3 Homogenous Gas-Phase Reactions
190(2)
5.3.4 Radiation
192(1)
5.3.5 Solution of Model Equations
193(3)
5.4 Application of the RNM to a Typical 210-MWe PC Fired Boiler
196(8)
5.5 Summary and Conclusions
204(1)
References
205(2)
6 Application to Practice 207(30)
6.1 Performance Enhancement Using Computational Models
207(1)
6.2 Application of CFD Models to PC Fired Boilers
208(19)
6.2.1 Formulation of CFD Models
209(9)
6.2.1.1 Selection of a Solution Domain
209(1)
6.2.1.2 Geometry Modeling and Mesh Generation
210(2)
6.2.1.3 Formulation of Boundary Conditions
212(3)
6.2.1.4 Specifying Physical Properties
215(1)
6.2.1.5 Turbulence and Two-Phase Models
216(1)
6.2.1.6 Chemical Reactions
216(1)
6.2.1.7 Heat Transfer
217(1)
6.2.2 Solution of Model Equations
218(3)
6.2.3 Examination and Interpretation of Simulated Results
221(2)
6.2.4 Application of Simulated Results for Performance Enhancement
223(4)
6.3 Application of Reactor Network Models to PC Fired Boilers
227(2)
6.4 Common Pitfalls in Computational Modeling
229(3)
6.5 Summary
232(2)
References
234(3)
7 Summary and the Path Forward 237(6)
Notations 243(6)
Index 249
Vivek V. Ranade is a deputy director of CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, India. His research interests include process intensification, reactor engineering, and multiphase flows. Ranade holds a B.Chem.Eng. (1984) and PhD. (1988) from the University of Mumbai (UDCT), India. He has successfully developed solutions for enhancing the performance of a wide range of industrial processes and has facilitated their implementation in practice. He has also developed various devices (micro-reactors, filters, vortex diodes) and products, and published more than 120 papers and three books. In addition, he is also an entrepreneur and has co-founded a company, Tridiagonal Solutions (www.tridiagonal.com).







Devkumar F. Gupta

is currently a principal scientist at Thermax Limited, Pune, India. His research interest lies in converting solid fuels into high value-added products using fluidized bed reactors. He has had an instrumental role in the design, computational modeling, and establishment of high-pressure gasification demonstration plants in India. He has worked jointly with utility industries to develop computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and reduced order numerical models for pulverized coal fired boilers. He has presented several research papers at international and national conferences on clean coal technology. He holds a Ph.D. (2011) in chemical engineering from the University of Pune, India.
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