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E-raamat: Computer-Mediated Communication: A Theoretical and Practical Introduction to Online Human Communication

  • Formaat: EPUB+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 29-Apr-2021
  • Kirjastus: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781538131725
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  • Formaat: EPUB+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 29-Apr-2021
  • Kirjastus: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781538131725

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As so much of our human interaction passes through digital channels, it is essential to understand how being online influences how we communicate with others and ourselves. This textbook introduces students to the fundamental concepts, theories, and applications of computer-mediated communication. Building a foundational understanding of CMC theories, such as CFO, SIP, SIDE, and hyperpersonal, Caleb T. Carr introduces as framework students may use to understand human communication across all digital channelsincluding those that have yet to exist!

Computer-Mediated Communication explores how CMC intersects with and affects other communication subdisciplines, including interpersonal, organizational, and intergroup. Contemporary examples illustrate theories and application, but the text is written to allow and encourage students to think about their own media use in a broader and channel-agnostic mindset, applying what they learn beyond just Instagram and Snapchat, to make sense of their modern and digital world.

The focus on the theoretical processes that underlay human communication online helps the book remain current with emerging technologies. Theoretical approach is complemented and made accessible with real-world examples, immediate ways to apply knowledge, and a conversational and approachable writing style.

Features of this text include





Research in Brief boxes introduce individual CMC studies Chapter objectives End of chapter review questions and key terms Cumulative glossary
Preface xii
Acknowledgments xvii
Part I Introduction and Infrastructure
1(2)
1 What Is Computer-Mediated Communication?
3(2)
CMC: Beyond Desktop Computers
5(1)
Situating CMC within the Communication Discipline
6(2)
CMC as Convergence
6(1)
CMC as Divergence
7(1)
What Is CMC?
8(1)
Approaching CMC
9(4)
Technology and Humans: Who Controls Whom?
10(1)
Technodeterminism
10(1)
Social Determinism
10(1)
Which Is It?
11(1)
Technology and Others: Beyond Our Focus
11(2)
Summary
13(1)
2 The Technologies and Users of Computer-Mediated Communication
14(23)
What Is the Internet?
15(3)
History of the Internet
15(2)
The Internet Now
17(1)
The World Wide Web
18(4)
The Internet and the World Wide Web
18(1)
History of the World Wide Web
19(1)
Web 1.0: The Static Web
19(1)
Web 2.0: The Social Web
20(1)
Web 3.0: The Semantic Web
21(1)
The Digital Divide
22(5)
Factors Leading to Differences in Access
23(1)
Geography
23(1)
Technical and Geopolitical Challenges
24(1)
Socioeconomics
24(1)
Implications of Differences in Access
25(1)
Reconceptualizing the Digital Divide
26(1)
Getting Online to Communicate
27(1)
Two Approaches to Media Use
28(5)
Personal Use: Media Multiplexity
29(1)
Professional Use: Social Information Processing Model
30(3)
Using and Adapting Communication Technologies
33(1)
Concluding Users and Uses of CMC
34(3)
Part II Theories
37(2)
3 Impersonal Communication Theories of Computer-Mediated Communication
39(12)
Cues Filtered Out (CFO)
40(3)
Social Presence Theory
41(1)
Lack of Social Context Cues Hypothesis
41(1)
The State of CFO
41(2)
Media Richness Theory (MRT)
43(3)
Uncertainty and Equivocality
43(1)
Applying Media Richness Theory
43(3)
Computers as Social Actors (CASA)
46(4)
Textual CASA
47(1)
Visual CASA
48(1)
Behavioral CASA
49(1)
Concluding Impersonal Communication
50(1)
4 Interpersonal Communication Theories of Computer-Mediated Communication
51(16)
Electronic Propinquity
53(4)
Theory of Electronic Propinquity
54(2)
Tests of Electronic Propinquity
56(1)
Social Information Processing Theory
57(3)
Time in SIP
58(1)
Adapting Cues in SIP
58(1)
Language
58(1)
Emoticons
59(1)
Beyond Text
60(1)
Equaling Face-to-Face Closeness Online
60(1)
The Hyperpersonal Model
60(4)
The Hyperpersonal Model
61(1)
Sender's Selective Self-Presentation
61(1)
Receiver's Idealization of Sender
62(1)
Channel Entrainment
63(1)
Idealizing Feedback Loop
63(1)
Hyper-positive and Hyper-negative Impressions
64(1)
Masspersonal Communication
64(2)
Concluding Interpersonal CMC
66(1)
5 Group Communication Theories of Computer-Mediated Communication
67(14)
Social Identity Model of Deindividuation Effects
69(6)
Deindividuation
69(2)
Ingroup and Outgroups
71(1)
Common-Bond and Common-Identity Groups
72(1)
Returning to SIDE
73(1)
Applying SIDE
74(1)
Contact Hypothesis
75(4)
Concluding Group CMC
79(1)
Concluding Theories
79(2)
Part III Contexts
81(2)
6 Organizational Computer-Mediated Communication
83(2)
Organization and Structure
85(2)
Media Choice
87(2)
Chronemics
89(1)
Channel Choice
89(1)
Decision Time
90(1)
Response Time
91(1)
Status Equalization
92(2)
Knowledge Management
94(3)
Organizations' Use of CMC to Communicate
97(7)
Communicating with External Individuals (B2C)
97(1)
Communicating with Other Organizations (B2B)
98(4)
Communicating with Future Organizational Members
102(2)
Concluding Organizational CMC
104(2)
7 Group Computer-Mediated Communication
106(25)
Groups Online
107(4)
Activating Group (Rather than Individual) Processes
108(1)
Personal Factors
109(1)
System Factors
110(1)
Types of Online Groups
111(6)
What Binds Us: Common-Bond and Common-Identity Groups
112(1)
Common-Bond Groups
112(1)
Common-Identity Groups
112(2)
Categorizing Groups as Common-Bond or Common-Identity
114(1)
Temporally Bounded Groups: Ad Hoc and Persistent Groups
115(1)
Ad Hoc Groups
115(1)
Persistent Groups
116(1)
Physical and Geographic Configuration of Online Groups
117(2)
Task Groups
119(3)
Task Groups in Organizational Contexts
119(2)
Task Groups in Video Games
121(1)
Social Support
122(7)
Types of Social Support
122(1)
Communicating Social Support Online
123(1)
Emotional Support Online
124(1)
Esteem Support Online
125(1)
Informational Support Online
126(2)
Instrumental Support Online
128(1)
Concluding Group CMC
129(2)
8 Interpersonal Computer-Mediated Communication
131(27)
Friends and Family
132(10)
Online Interpersonal Communication
132(1)
Dyadic Interaction
133(1)
Email
133(1)
Texting/SMSs
134(1)
Social Network Sites
134(1)
Lightweight Interaction
134(2)
Phatic Interaction
136(1)
Paralanguage
136(1)
Paralinguistic Digital Affordances (PDAs)
137(2)
Emoticons
139(1)
Emojis
140(1)
Summarizing Paralinguistics
141(1)
Extracted Information
141(1)
Relational Development
142(13)
Relational Formation
143(1)
Finding Each Other
144(1)
Getting to Know Each Other
145(1)
Making the Switch
146(1)
Modality Switching
146(1)
Media Multiplexity
146(1)
Relational Maintenance
147(1)
The Good: Keeping Up
148(1)
Direct Communication
149(1)
Ambient Awareness
150(1)
The Bad: Keeping Tabs
151(1)
The Ugly: Jealousy
152(1)
Relational Termination
153(2)
Casual Encounters
155(1)
Concluding Interpersonal CMC
156(2)
9 Intrapersonal Computer-Mediated Communication
158(25)
Defining Intrapersonal
159(1)
Identifiability
160(7)
Identifiability
160(1)
Implications of Identifiability in CMC
160(2)
Pseudonymity
162(1)
Implications of Pseudonymity in CMC
163(1)
Anonymity
164(1)
Types of Anonymity
164(1)
Physical Anonymity
165(1)
Discursive Anonymity
166(1)
Implication of Anonymity in CMC
166(1)
Identity Online
167(2)
Dimensions of Yourself
167(2)
Identity Shift
169(4)
Self-Presentation
170(1)
Feedback
171(1)
Limitations and Boundaries of Identity Shift
172(1)
Summarizing Identity Shift
173(1)
Digital Realities
173(8)
Virtual Reality
173(1)
Proteus Effect
174(2)
Gaming
176(1)
Augmented Reality
177(4)
Summary
181(1)
Concluding Intrapersonal CMC
181(2)
Part IV Applications
183(2)
10 Social Media
185(1)
Defining Social Media
186(7)
Internet-Based, Persistent, and Disentrained
187(1)
Masspersonal Communication
188(1)
Perceived Interaction
189(1)
Value from User-Generated Content
190(1)
Going Viral
190(3)
Social Network Sites
193(1)
Network and Networking Sites
193(1)
Connecting with Social Media
194(5)
Finding and Keeping in Touch with Others
194(1)
Relational Ties
195(2)
Social Support
197(1)
Social Support in Social Media
197(2)
Security
199(6)
Personal Information
199(1)
Reasons for Disclosing Personal Information
199(3)
Risks of Disclosing Personal Information
202(2)
Balancing the Rewards and Risks of Disclosing Personal Information
204(1)
Organizations Online
205(2)
Concluding Social Media
207(2)
11 Influence Online
209(26)
Social Influence
210(5)
Social Norms
210(1)
Defining and Developing Social Norms Online
210(1)
The Influence of Others
211(2)
Social Norms and Self-Presentation
213(1)
Conformity
214(1)
Compliance
214(1)
Memes
215(3)
Memes in and as a Form of CMC
216(1)
Memes as Persuasive Communication
216(2)
Advertising and Public Relations Online
218(6)
One-Way Advertising Online
218(3)
Dialogic Communication and Public Relations
221(1)
Dialogue with the Organization: Company-Consumer Interaction
222(2)
Dialogue among Users: Brand Communities
224(1)
Digital Deception
224(9)
Frequency of Deception Online
225(1)
Catfishing and Astroturfing
226(1)
Catfishing
226(1)
Astroturfing/Crowdturfing
227(1)
Detecting Deceptive Presentations
228(1)
Identifying Astroturfing
229(1)
Warranting Identities Online
230(3)
Concluding Persuasion via CMC
233(2)
12 Politics via Computer-Mediated Communication
235(29)
Communicating about Politics
237(11)
Disinhibition and Ingroups
237(1)
Disinhibition and Flaming
237(2)
Ingroup Influence
239(1)
Political Activity: Engagement or Atrophy?
240(1)
Intensifying
240(2)
Slacktivism
242(2)
Social Media: Bubbles or Bridges?
244(1)
Polarizing Political Bubbles
244(3)
Political Bridges
247(1)
Does CMC Bubble or Bridge?
247(1)
Communicating with Politicians
248(3)
Upward Communication and Direct Interaction
248(2)
Parasocial Interaction
250(1)
Communicating with Constituents
251(11)
Politicians Communicating with Constituents
252(1)
Websites
252(1)
Social Media
252(5)
Political Campaigning
257(1)
Websites
257(1)
Email
257(1)
Social Media
258(2)
The Globalization of Local Politics
260(2)
Concluding Politics via CMC
262(2)
13 The Future of Computer-Mediated Communication
264(23)
Changes Just Over the Horizon
265(6)
Changing Interfaces
266(1)
Virtual Reality
266(1)
Haptics
267(2)
Taste and Smell
269(1)
Ubiquity and Integration
269(2)
The Perils for Future CMC
271(8)
Digital Divide
271(1)
First-Level Digital Divide
271(1)
Second-Level Digital Divide
272(2)
Third-Level Digital Divide
274(1)
Surveillance
275(4)
The Promises for Future CMC
279(6)
Increasing Access to Information and Education
279(1)
Collaborative Knowledge Generation
280(1)
Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs)
280(2)
Bridging Cultures
282(1)
Time and Space Compression
282(1)
No Longer Constrained by Offline/Physical Traits
283(1)
Telehealth and Medicine
283(2)
Concluding the Future of CMC
285(2)
Glossary 287(6)
References 293(30)
Index 323
Caleb T. Carr is associate professor in the School of Communication at Illinois State University. His research addresses how new media alter communicative processes, including how social media are used for organizational uncertainty reduction, in group collaborations, and to create and maintain identity online.