Klienditugi: 7440010 (E-R 10-18)

E-raamat: Computer Network Simulation Using NS2

Ajit Kumar Nayak (Siksha O Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, India), Rajib Mall, Satyananda Champati Rai (Silicon Institute of Technology, Bhubaneswar, India)

Formaat: 325 pages
Ilmumisaeg: 19-Aug-2016
Kirjastus: CRC Press Inc
ISBN-13: 9781498768566

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Formaat: 325 pages
Ilmumisaeg: 19-Aug-2016
Kirjastus: CRC Press Inc
ISBN-13: 9781498768566

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Computer Network Simulations Using NS2 provides a solid foundation of computer networking knowledge and skills, covering everything from simple operating system commands to the analysis of complex network performance metrics.

The book begins with a discussion of the evolution of data communication techniques and the fundamental issues associated with performance evaluation. After presenting a preliminary overview of simulation and other performance evaluation techniques, the authors:

Describe a number of computer network protocols and TCP/IP and OSI models, highlighting the networking devices used Explain a socket and its use in network programming, fostering the development of network applications using C and socket API Introduce the NS2 network simulator, exhibiting its internal architecture, constituent software packages, and installation in different operating systems Delve into simulation using NS2, elaborating on the use of Tcl and OTcl scripts as well as AWK scripting and plotting with Gnuplot Show how to simulate wired and wireless network protocols step by step, layer by layer Explore the idea of simulating very large networks, identifying the challenges associated with measuring and graphing the various network parameters Include nearly 90 example programs, scripts, and outputs, along with several exercises requiring application of the theory and programming

Computer Network Simulations Using NS2 emphasizes the implementation and simulation of real-world computer network protocols, affording readers with valuable opportunities for hands-on practice while instilling a deeper understanding of how computer network protocols work.

Preface

Author Biographies

xiii

1 Introduction

(36)

1.1 Rapid Evolution of Voice and Data Communication Techniques

(2)

1.2 Evolution of Computer Communication Networks

(2)

1.3 Convergence of Data and Telecommunication Networks

(1)

1.4 Integration of TCP/IP into Unix

(1)

1.4.1 POSIX

(1)

1.5 Queueing Theory

(6)

1.6 Overview of Simulation

(5)

1.6.1 Advantages of simulation

(1)

1.6.2 Disadvantages of simulation

(1)

1.6.3 Types of simulation

(2)

1.7 A Few Basic Concepts in Simulation

(9)

1.7.1 Monte Carlo simulation

(1)

1.7.2 Confidence intervals

(4)

1.7.3 A brief history of computer-aided simulation

(1)

1.7.4 Simulation versus other evaluation techniques

(1)

1.7.5 Writing your simulation program versus using a simulation tool

(1)

1.7.6 Basic simulation terminology

(1)

1.8 Discrete-Event Simulation

(3)

1.8.1 Model validation techniques

(1)

1.9 Basics of Network Simulation

(1)

1.10 Introduction to NS2

(1)

1.11 Common Mistakes in Simulation

(5)

2 Network Protocols

(24)

2.1 TCP/IP Protocol Suite

(2)

2.2 Terminology

(2)

2.3 Architecture of TCP/IP

(2)

2.4 Overview of the Operation of TCP

(2)

2.5 Application Layer Protocols of TCP

(1)

2.6 TCP/IP versus the ISO/OSI Model

(1)

2.7 Adaptation of the TCP Window

(2)

2.8 Improvement of TCP Performance

(5)

2.8.1 Traditional networks

(1)

2.8.2 TCP in mobile networks

(3)

2.9 Networking Devices

(8)

3 Network Programming Using Socket API

(46)

3.1 Introduction

(1)

3.2 Socket Interface

(9)

3.3 Socket API

(12)

3.3.1 Data structures

(3)

3.3.2 System calls

(4)

3.3.3 Byte ordering functions

(1)

3.3.4 Address conversion functions

(1)

3.3.5 Functions for protocol addresses

(1)

3.3.6 Functions for hostname

(3)

3.4 I/O Multiplexing

(11)

3.4.1 Synchronous I/O multiplexing using select() call

(10)

3.5 Concurrency

(7)

3.6 Broadcasting

101

(6)

4 Introduction to NS2

107

(36)

4.1 Simulator Structure

108

(1)

4.2 Simulator Input and Output

109

(1)

4.3 NS2 Installation Steps

110

(8)

4.3.1 Fedora Linux

112

(2)

4.3.2 Ubuntu Linux

114

(1)

4.3.3 Windows 7

115

(3)

4.4 NS2 Directories and Files

118

(1)

4.5 Network Animator (NAM)

119

(4)

4.6 NS2 Program Structure

123

(2)

4.7 Summary

125

(18)

5 Basics of Protocol Simulation Using NS2

143

(44)

5.1 Tcl

143

(1)

5.2 Program Execution

144

(1)

5.3 Basic Programming Constructs

145

(11)

5.3.1 Variables

146

(1)

5.3.2 Grouping mechanism

147

(2)

5.3.3 Mathematical expressions

149

(1)

5.3.4 Control statements

150

(6)

5.4 Arrays

156

(2)

5.5 Lists

158

(1)

5.6 Dictionaries

159

(1)

5.7 Procedures

160

(2)

5.8 File Handling

162

(3)

5.8.1 Reading and writing files

163

(2)

5.9 Object-Oriented Tel (OTcl)

165

(4)

5.9.1 Classes and objects

165

(4)

5.10 AWK Scripting

169

(5)

5.10.1 General structure of AWK

171

(1)

5.10.2 Other AWK constructs

171

(3)

5.11 Gnuplot

174

(13)

5.11.1 Customizing plots

176

(4)

5.11.2 Histograms

180

(1)

5.11.3 Multiplot

181

(2)

5.11.4 Saving plots into files

183

(4)

6 Wired Network Simulation

187

(80)

6.1 Introduction

187

(1)

6.2 Step-by-Step Wired Network Simulation

187

(6)

6.3 Visualization Using NAM

193

(4)

6.4 Link Layer --- Links and Queueing

197

(10)

6.4.1 Point-to-point links

198

(5)

6.4.2 Multipoint links

203

(4)

6.5 Network Layer --- Routing

207

(13)

6.6 Transport Layer --- Transport Agents

220

(18)

6.6.1 User datagram protocol (UDP)

220

(1)

6.6.2 Transmission control protocol (TCP)

221

(17)

6.7 Packet Trace

238

(13)

6.8 Application Layer --- Traffic Generators

251

(5)

6.8.1 Traffic generators

251

(3)

6.8.2 Simulated applications

254

(2)

6.9 Network Dynamics---Node/Link Failure Models

256

(1)

6.10 Error Model

257

(10)

7 Wireless Network Simulation

267

(44)

7.1 Wired versus Wireless Network Simulation

269

(2)

7.2 Step-by-Step Wireless Network Simulation

271

(12)

7.3 Wireless Networking Modules

283

(2)

7.3.1 Mobile node architecture

283

(2)

7.4 Wireless Routing

285

(3)

7.4.1 Destination sequenced distance vector (DSDV)

285

(1)

7.4.2 Dynamic source routing (DSR)

286

(1)

7.4.3 Temporally ordered routing algorithm (TORA)

287

(1)

7.4.4 Ad hoc on demand distance vector (AODV)

288

(1)

7.5 Wireless Trace

288

(3)

7.6 Network Performance Metrics

291

(5)

7.7 Practical Simulation Issues

296

(7)

7.7.1 Generating scenario

297

(1)

7.7.2 Generating a connection pattern

297

(5)

7.7.3 More performance metrics

302

(1)

7.8 A Complete Example

303

(8)

Index

311

Ajit Kumar Nayak is professor and head of the Department of Computer Science and Information Technology in the Institute of Technical Education and Research at Siksha O Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar. He earned his M. Tech. and Ph.D. in computer science at Utkal University in 2001 and 2010, respectively. He has published more than 20 research articles in conference proceedings and journals. He is a member of the IEEE and IET and a life member of the Orissa Information Technology Society (OITS). He has guided more than 15 M. Tech. students, and five research students are currently pursuing their Ph.D. under his guidance. His current research interests include mobile ad hoc networks, wireless sensor networks, and language computing.

Satyananda Champati Rai is currently working as an associate professor and head of the Department of Information Technology at the Silicon Institute of Technology, Bhubaneswar. He earned his M. Tech. and Ph.D. in computer science from Utkal University in 2001 and 2012, respectively. He has published 20 research articles in national and international conference proceedings and journals and has written a monograph titled QoS Provisioning in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks: Principles, Practices and Models. He is a member of the IEEE and a life member of the ISTE and Orissa Information Technology Society (OITS). He has guided 22 M. Tech. students and served as program committee member in several international conferences. His current research interests include mobile ad hoc networks, wireless sensor networks, and mobile cloud computing related to quality of service and performance analysis.

Rajib Mall earned his B.E., M.E., and Ph.D. from the Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore. He worked for nearly three years for Motorola India Ltd. before he joined the Department of Computer Science and Engineering (CSE) at the Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, in 1994, as a faculty member. He is currently a professor and the head of the Department of CSE and the School of Information Technology at the Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur. His current research interests include program testing and software engineering issues in large systems and those in real-time embedded systems. He has published approximately 200 research papers and refereed international journals and conference proceedings and has carried out a number of sponsored projects in the areas of program analysis and program testing. He is a senior member of the IEEE (USA).

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