List of tables |
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xi | |
List of figures |
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xiii | |
List of abbreviations |
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xv | |
Acknowledgements |
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xvii | |
Chapter 1 Introduction |
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1 | (10) |
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1 | (2) |
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1.2 Objectives of the study |
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3 | (4) |
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1.3 Framework of the study |
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7 | (1) |
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8 | (3) |
Chapter 2 Defining the key constructs |
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11 | (58) |
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2.1 Issues of comparability for contrastive analysis |
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11 | (8) |
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2.1.1 Equivalence and tertium comparationis |
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11 | (2) |
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2.1.2 Various types of equivalence |
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13 | (4) |
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2.1.3 Issues of circularity in contrastive linguistics: Chesterman's Contrastive Functional Analysis |
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17 | (2) |
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19 | (27) |
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2.2.1 Cohesion and coherence |
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19 | (4) |
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2.2.2 A focus on conjunctive cohesion |
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23 | (2) |
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2.2.3 Different views on conjunction: Broad and narrow approaches |
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25 | (10) |
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2.2.3.1 Taxis in Systemic Functional Linguistics |
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27 | (2) |
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2.2.3.2 Arguments in favour of the narrow and the broad approaches to conjunction |
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29 | (5) |
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2.2.3.3 Other approaches to conjunction |
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34 | (1) |
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2.2.4 Towards a broad definition of conjunction |
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35 | (3) |
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2.2.5 Some core features of conjunctive markers |
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38 | (8) |
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39 | (3) |
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2.2.5.2 Specific features of the three types of conjunctive markers |
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42 | (4) |
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46 | (21) |
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2.3.1 Overview of the literature on contrast |
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49 | (12) |
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2.3.1.1 Number and types of relations of contrast |
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49 | (8) |
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2.3.1.2 Categorisation of relations of contrast |
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57 | (4) |
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2.3.2 Contrast in the present book |
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61 | (8) |
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2.3.2.1 Towards a tripartite view of contrast |
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61 | (2) |
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2.3.2.2 Features of the relations of contrast |
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63 | (4) |
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67 | (2) |
Chapter 3 Corpus-based contrastive approaches to conjunctive markers |
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69 | (40) |
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3.1 Corpus-based contrastive linguistics |
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69 | (15) |
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3.1.1 The benefits of a corpus approach to comparing languages |
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69 | (7) |
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3.1.2 Types of corpora in contrastive linguistics |
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76 | (6) |
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3.1.3 Register-sensitive contrastive linguistics: An emerging trend in contrastive linguistics |
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82 | (2) |
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3.2 Corpus-based contrastive research on conjunctive markers |
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84 | (11) |
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3.2.1 Cross-linguistic equivalences between conjunctive markers |
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85 | (5) |
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3.2.2 Onomasiological approaches to conjunctive markers |
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90 | (5) |
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3.3 Conjunctive markers in English and French |
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95 | (12) |
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3.3.1 Frequency of conjunctive markers in English and French |
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96 | (7) |
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3.3.2 Preferred types of conjunctive markers in English and French |
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103 | (4) |
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107 | (2) |
Chapter 4 Systemic Functional Linguistics, corpus linguistics and the textual metafunction |
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109 | (34) |
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4.1 Systemic Functional Linguistics and corpus linguistics: A promising synergy |
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109 | (13) |
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4.1.1 Systemic Functional Linguistics and corpus linguistics: A 'natural affinity' |
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109 | (5) |
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4.1.2 SFL and CL: Areas of divergence |
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114 | (4) |
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4.1.3 Corpus-based Systemic Functional Linguistics: Where do we stand? |
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118 | (4) |
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4.2 Zooming in on the textual metafunction |
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122 | (19) |
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4.2.1 The textual metafunction and thematic structure: Theme and Rheme in Systemic Functional Linguistics |
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122 | (14) |
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4.2.1.1 Theme and Rheme in Systemic Functional Linguistics |
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123 | (2) |
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4.2.1.2 Several types of Theme |
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125 | (3) |
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4.2.1.3 The Rheme: The parent pauvre of thematic structure |
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128 | (5) |
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4.2.1.4 Controversy over thematic structure: Theme/Rheme boundary and cross-linguistic validity |
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133 | (3) |
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4.2.2 Thematic structure and conjunctive markers |
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136 | (5) |
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141 | (2) |
Chapter 5 Data and methodology |
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143 | (26) |
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143 | (9) |
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5.1.1 Comparable or translation data? |
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143 | (4) |
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5.1.2 Description of the corpus data |
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147 | (5) |
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152 | (15) |
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5.2.1 Four main methodological steps |
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152 | (9) |
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5.2.1.1 Compilation of a list of English and French conjunctive markers of contrast |
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154 | (5) |
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5.2.1.2 Automatic extraction of the conjunctive markers from the corpus |
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159 | (2) |
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5.2.2 Statistical methods |
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161 | (9) |
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5.2.2.1 Frequency comparisons: The chi-square test of independence |
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162 | (4) |
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5.2.2.2 Classification and Regression Trees (CART) |
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166 | (1) |
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167 | (2) |
Chapter 6 Beyond automatic extraction: Semantic disambiguation and syntactic segmentation |
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169 | (38) |
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6.1 Semantic disambiguation |
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170 | (11) |
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6.1.1 The polyfunctionality of conjunctive markers |
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170 | (2) |
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6.1.2 Contrast and other meaning relations: Some areas of overlap |
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172 | (6) |
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6.1.3 Dealing with ambiguity: The use of double tags |
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178 | (3) |
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6.2 Syntactic segmentation |
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181 | (22) |
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6.2.1 What do conjunctive markers link? |
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181 | (2) |
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6.2.2 Clauses in English and French |
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183 | (9) |
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6.2.3 Distinguishing between phrasal and clausal segments |
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192 | (5) |
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6.2.4 Coding the syntactic features of the host clause |
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197 | (6) |
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203 | (4) |
Chapter 7 Frequency and patterns of use of English and French conjunctive markers of contrast |
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207 | (92) |
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207 | (2) |
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7.2 Frequencies of conjunctive markers of contrast in English and French editorials |
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209 | (27) |
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7.2.1 Overall frequency of conjunctive markers of contrast |
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209 | (7) |
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7.2.2 Preferred types of conjunctive markers in English and French |
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216 | (6) |
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7.2.3 Lexical breakdown of the corpus results |
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222 | (14) |
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7.2.3.1 Lexical variety of conjunctive markers in English and French |
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223 | (5) |
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7.2.3.2 Frequency features of individual conjunctive markers of contrast |
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228 | (8) |
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7.3 Syntactic patterning of conjunctive markers of contrast |
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236 | (45) |
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7.3.1 Syntactic patterning of English and French conjunctive markers of contrast |
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237 | (20) |
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7.3.1.1 Syntactic patterns of English and French conjunctive adjuncts of contrast |
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238 | (8) |
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7.3.1.2 Syntactic patterns of English and French coordinators of contrast |
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246 | (6) |
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7.3.1.3 Syntactic patterns of English and French subordinators of contrast |
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252 | (5) |
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7.3.2 The syntax-discourse interface |
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257 | (13) |
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7.3.2.1 Syntactic fragmentation as an emphatic device |
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259 | (6) |
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7.3.2.2 Syntactic compression of contrastive linking in English and French editorials |
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265 | (5) |
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7.3.3 The syntax-lexis interface |
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270 | (11) |
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7.4 Conjunctive adjuncts of contrast in English and French: A cross-register comparison |
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281 | (14) |
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7.4.1 Frequency of conjunctive adjuncts of contrast in English and French: A comparison of newspaper editorials and academic writing |
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282 | (9) |
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7.4.1.1 Overall frequencies of English and French conjunctive markers in LOCRA and Mult-Ed |
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282 | (4) |
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7.4.1.2 Lexical breakdown of the corpus results |
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286 | (5) |
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7.4.2 Syntactic patterns of English and French conjunctive markers of contrast in editorials and academic writing: A focus on sentence-initial coordinators |
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291 | (4) |
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295 | (4) |
Chapter 8 Placement patterns of English and French conjunctive adjuncts of contrast |
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299 | (84) |
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299 | (15) |
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8.2 A Systemic Functional approach to conjunctive adjunct placement 3o |
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o5 | |
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8.3 Conjunctive adjunct placement across languages and registers: A general overview |
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314 | (19) |
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8.3.1 Conjunctive adjunct placement in English and French: Intralingual cross-register comparisons |
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315 | (3) |
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8.3.2 Cross-linguistic comparison of English and French conjunctive adjunct placement: A register-sensitive account |
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318 | (11) |
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8.3.3 Respective weight of language and register on conjunctive adjunct placement |
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329 | (4) |
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8.4 Conjunctive adjunct placement at the syntax-discourse interface |
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333 | (29) |
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8.4.1 Conjunctive adjunct placement in English and French: A range of discourse functions |
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335 | (21) |
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8.4.1.1 Thematic 1 conjunctive adjuncts as 'pure' markers of conjunction |
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335 | (1) |
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8.4.1.2 Rhematic 1 conjunctive adjuncts |
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336 | (8) |
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8.4.1.3 Rhematic 2 conjunctive adjuncts |
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344 | (12) |
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8.4.1.4 A short word on thematic 2 and rhematic 3 conjunctive adjuncts 35o |
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8.4.2 Discourse effects of CA placement and cross-register differences |
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356 | (6) |
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8.5 Conjunctive adjunct placement at the syntax-lexis interface |
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362 | (17) |
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8.5.1 Individual placement patterns of English and French conjunctive adjuncts of contrast |
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363 | (6) |
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363 | (3) |
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366 | (3) |
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8.5.2 The combined influence of lexis and register on conjunctive adjunct placement |
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369 | (14) |
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369 | (2) |
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371 | (3) |
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8.5.2.3 Respective influence of lexis and register on English and French conjunctive adjunct placement |
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374 | (5) |
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379 | (4) |
Chapter 9 General conclusion |
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383 | (14) |
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9.1 Summary of the main findings |
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383 | (5) |
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9.1.1 Frequency and patterns of use of English and French conjunctive markers of contrast |
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384 | (2) |
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9.1.2 Placement patterns of English and French conjunctive adjuncts of contrast |
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386 | (2) |
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9.2 Main contributions of the study |
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388 | (5) |
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9.2.1 Contribution to (contrastive) discourse analysis |
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388 | (2) |
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9.2.2 Systemic Functional Linguistics and corpus linguistics |
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390 | (1) |
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9.2.3 Quantitative vs qualitative/macro vs micro linguistic research |
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391 | (2) |
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9.3 Promising avenues for future research |
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393 | (4) |
References |
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397 | (28) |
Appendices |
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425 | (10) |
Index |
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435 | |