| Preface |
|
xi | |
| Acknowledgments |
|
xv | |
|
|
|
1 | (18) |
|
1 Immigration: A State of Intoxication |
|
|
1 | (1) |
|
2 Immigrants' Ethnic Awakening |
|
|
2 | (2) |
|
3 The Ethnic Competition for Symbolic Capital |
|
|
4 | (3) |
|
4 Rituals of Definition and Boundaries |
|
|
7 | (2) |
|
5 Syncretism: The Selection and Synthesis of Diverse Elements |
|
|
9 | (3) |
|
6 The Book's Goals and Contribution |
|
|
12 | (7) |
|
PART 1 The Mimouna: From the Periphery to the Center |
|
|
|
1 Center/Periphery and Patterns of Protest |
|
|
19 | (12) |
|
1 Center-Periphery Relations: Theory |
|
|
19 | (4) |
|
2 Center-Periphery Relations in Israel |
|
|
23 | (3) |
|
|
|
26 | (3) |
|
|
|
29 | (2) |
|
2 The Mimouna in North Africa: A Symmetry of Symbols |
|
|
31 | (8) |
|
1 The Festival's Source and Name |
|
|
31 | (2) |
|
2 Preparations for the Festival |
|
|
33 | (1) |
|
3 The Ceremony of the First Dough |
|
|
34 | (2) |
|
4 The Mimouna Night Festivities at Home and in the Street |
|
|
36 | (1) |
|
5 The Excursion to the Countryside on Mimouna Day |
|
|
37 | (2) |
|
3 The Mimouna in Israel--from a Sectoral Festivity to a National Holiday |
|
|
39 | (46) |
|
1 The 1950s and 1960s: The Secularization of the Festival |
|
|
39 | (5) |
|
2 The 1970s: Towards a More Religious Atmosphere |
|
|
44 | (7) |
|
3 The 1980s: Expansion of the Mimouna Night Activities |
|
|
51 | (9) |
|
4 The 1990s: The Inclusion of New Immigrants |
|
|
60 | (5) |
|
5 The New Century: The Celebrations Move into Event Halls |
|
|
65 | (10) |
|
6 2010-2020: The Younger Generation's Mimouna |
|
|
75 | (10) |
|
4 A Role Reversal: The Newcomers as Host and the Veterans as Guest |
|
|
85 | (22) |
|
1 A Display of Ethnicity with Messages of Fraternity |
|
|
85 | (2) |
|
2 A Fusion of Traditional and Modern Elements |
|
|
87 | (4) |
|
3 The Politicization of the Festivities |
|
|
91 | (4) |
|
4 The Factors that Led to the Renewal of the Mimouna |
|
|
95 | (4) |
|
Conclusion: A Movement to the Center and Syncretism |
|
|
99 | (8) |
|
PART 2 The Renewal of a Tradition: The Seharane in Israel |
|
|
|
5 A Tradition and Its Revival |
|
|
107 | (6) |
|
1 Tradition and Modernity: The Arena of the Encounter |
|
|
107 | (1) |
|
2 The Hermeneutic Aspect of the Study of Tradition |
|
|
108 | (2) |
|
|
|
110 | (1) |
|
4 The Goals of the Research |
|
|
111 | (2) |
|
6 The Seharane Festival in Kurdistan: Closing a Ritual Circle |
|
|
113 | (6) |
|
1 The Jewish Communities of Kurdistan |
|
|
113 | (1) |
|
2 The Transitional Ceremony at the End of the Eighth Day of Passover |
|
|
114 | (1) |
|
3 The Etymology of the Word "Seharane" |
|
|
115 | (2) |
|
4 Brotherhood in the Heart of Nature |
|
|
117 | (2) |
|
7 Immigration and Settlement in Israel: The Loss of the Ethnic Identity |
|
|
119 | (5) |
|
|
|
119 | (1) |
|
2 The "Ana Kurdi" Stereotype |
|
|
120 | (2) |
|
3 Seharane Celebrations in the Early Decades of Israel |
|
|
122 | (2) |
|
8 The Attempts to Organize a National Seharane Festival in the 1970s |
|
|
124 | (7) |
|
1 1971: The Decision to Revive the Seharane |
|
|
124 | (3) |
|
2 1973: A Religious Controversy Leads to Cancellation of the Seharane |
|
|
127 | (2) |
|
3 !975: The Seharane is Canceled due to Budgetary Problems |
|
|
129 | (2) |
|
9 The First Public Seharane Festival and Its Resemblance to the Tradition |
|
|
131 | (8) |
|
1 The Seharane is Moved to Sukkot |
|
|
131 | (3) |
|
2 The Formalization of the Seharane Rituals |
|
|
134 | (3) |
|
3 The Younger Generation's Ethnic Pride |
|
|
137 | (2) |
|
10 The 1980s: The Seharane as the Arena of Political Clashes |
|
|
139 | (13) |
|
1 Highlighting the Community's Achievements |
|
|
139 | (1) |
|
2 Menachem Begin Embraces the Seharane |
|
|
140 | (2) |
|
3 A Hundred and Seventy Years of Immigration from Kurdistan |
|
|
142 | (1) |
|
4 The Politicians Didn't Show Up |
|
|
143 | (1) |
|
5 Teddy Kollek, Man of the Year |
|
|
144 | (1) |
|
6 Identification with the Kurdish People |
|
|
145 | (1) |
|
7 The Attempt to Merge the Seharane with the Mimouna |
|
|
146 | (3) |
|
|
|
149 | (1) |
|
9 The Rift with Teddy Kollek Was Not Mended |
|
|
150 | (2) |
|
11 The 1990s: A Return to Folk Traditions |
|
|
152 | (5) |
|
1 An Emphasis on the Community's Achievements |
|
|
152 | (1) |
|
2 Pride in Favorite Son Yitzhak Mordecai |
|
|
152 | (1) |
|
|
|
153 | (1) |
|
4 Benjamin Netanyahu Courts the Kurdish Vote |
|
|
154 | (1) |
|
|
|
155 | (2) |
|
12 The New Millennium: An Internal and Ritual Split |
|
|
157 | (6) |
|
1 Fifty Years since Operation Ezra and Nehemiah |
|
|
157 | (1) |
|
|
|
157 | (1) |
|
3 Messages of Peace and Unity |
|
|
158 | (1) |
|
4 The "Kurdish Footsteps" Festival and the Seharane |
|
|
159 | (1) |
|
5 Parallel Seharane Festivals |
|
|
160 | (1) |
|
6 Hakkafot in Sacher Park |
|
|
161 | (2) |
|
13 The Last Decade: Decline and Retrenchment |
|
|
163 | (6) |
|
|
|
163 | (1) |
|
|
|
164 | (1) |
|
3 Matchmaking at the Seharane |
|
|
165 | (1) |
|
4 A Semicircle of Dancers Moving Like a Single Person |
|
|
166 | (1) |
|
5 The Seharane as the "Sukkot Festival" |
|
|
166 | (1) |
|
|
|
167 | (1) |
|
7 A Family and Ethnic Seharane |
|
|
168 | (1) |
|
8 The Seharane at the Festival of Nations |
|
|
168 | (1) |
|
14 Discussion: An Ethnic Festival that Transcends Social Boundaries |
|
|
169 | (26) |
|
|
|
169 | (5) |
|
2 In the Politicians' Lap |
|
|
174 | (7) |
|
3 Interlinked Cultural Elements |
|
|
181 | (5) |
|
Conclusion: Syncretism in the Revival of the Seharane |
|
|
186 | (9) |
|
PART 3 The Seged: From a Smalt Place to a Large Place |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
195 | (9) |
|
1 A Holy Place at the Center of the World |
|
|
195 | (2) |
|
2 A Movement to the Sacred Periphery and Anti-structure |
|
|
197 | (2) |
|
3 A Journey in the Footsteps of a Text |
|
|
199 | (2) |
|
4 The Goals of the Present Study |
|
|
201 | (3) |
|
16 Community and Family Life in Ethiopia |
|
|
204 | (3) |
|
|
|
207 | (6) |
|
|
|
207 | (2) |
|
|
|
209 | (1) |
|
3 The Location of the Seged |
|
|
210 | (3) |
|
18 The Seged Ritual in Ethiopia |
|
|
213 | (13) |
|
1 Stage I: The Journey to the Holy Place |
|
|
213 | (5) |
|
2 Stage II: The Rituals on the Mountain |
|
|
218 | (5) |
|
3 Stage in: The Descent from the Mountain and the Communal Banquet |
|
|
223 | (3) |
|
|
|
226 | (7) |
|
1 The Link between Places and Times at the Seged |
|
|
226 | (1) |
|
2 Communitas and Structure on the Seged |
|
|
227 | (6) |
|
|
|
|
20 Identities in the Postmodern Age |
|
|
233 | (8) |
|
1 The Ethnic Identity of Immigrants |
|
|
233 | (1) |
|
2 The Second Generation and Generation 1.5 |
|
|
234 | (2) |
|
3 Immigration Crises and the Difficulties Faced By Young People |
|
|
236 | (1) |
|
4 Social and Spiritual Leadership |
|
|
237 | (1) |
|
|
|
238 | (3) |
|
21 The Immigration of Ethiopian Jews and Their Absorption in Israel |
|
|
241 | (8) |
|
1 The Ethiopian Jews' Immigration to Israel |
|
|
241 | (1) |
|
|
|
242 | (2) |
|
3 The Doubts about Their Jewishness and the Refusal to Recognize Their Spiritual Leaders |
|
|
244 | (3) |
|
4 The Absorption of Young Ethiopian Jews in Israel |
|
|
247 | (2) |
|
22 The 1980s: The Initial Model of the Seged in Israel |
|
|
249 | (8) |
|
1 Misgivings and Conflicts |
|
|
249 | (5) |
|
2 The Formalization of the Holiday |
|
|
254 | (3) |
|
23 The 1990s: A Constructed and Political Ritual |
|
|
257 | (3) |
|
|
|
257 | (1) |
|
2 Activities in the Schools in Advance of the Holiday |
|
|
258 | (2) |
|
24 The New Century: Cooperation among Organizations and the Campaign for Official Recognition of the Seged |
|
|
260 | (16) |
|
1 Resistance to Change and a New Religious Interpretation |
|
|
260 | (2) |
|
2 In Favor of Change and a Sociopolitical Interpretation |
|
|
262 | (4) |
|
3 Increasing the Turnout for the Seged |
|
|
266 | (2) |
|
|
|
268 | (1) |
|
5 A Jamboree for Teenagers |
|
|
269 | (2) |
|
6 Organized Activities to Attract the Younger Generation |
|
|
271 | (3) |
|
7 Protests at the Seged and the Campaign for Its Recognition as a National Holiday |
|
|
274 | (2) |
|
25 2010-2020: The Seged as a National Holiday |
|
|
276 | (11) |
|
1 The First Year after the Passage of the Seged Law |
|
|
276 | (1) |
|
2 The Opening Ceremony of the Seged at the President's Residence in Jerusalem |
|
|
277 | (1) |
|
3 Holiday Events Spread over a Longer Time and in More Places |
|
|
278 | (1) |
|
4 The "Segediada" at the Cinematheque |
|
|
279 | (1) |
|
5 The Holiday's Relevance for All Jews |
|
|
279 | (2) |
|
6 Celebration of the Seged at the Knesset |
|
|
281 | (1) |
|
7 Other Meanings of the Seged |
|
|
282 | (1) |
|
8 A Story about the Journey |
|
|
282 | (1) |
|
9 Nostalgia for the Holiday as It Was Observed in Ethiopia |
|
|
283 | (1) |
|
10 Concerts and Standup Comedy |
|
|
283 | (2) |
|
11 The Desire to Become Part of Israeli Society |
|
|
285 | (2) |
| Conclusion: The Seged in a Multigenerational Perspective |
|
287 | (5) |
| General Conclusions |
|
292 | (7) |
| Bibliography |
|
299 | (30) |
| Index |
|
329 | |