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E-raamat: Containerization in Maritime Transport: Contemporary Trends and Challenges

(University of Gdansk, Poland), (University of Gdansk, Poland), (WSB University in Gdansk, Poland)
  • Formaat: 326 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 16-Dec-2022
  • Kirjastus: CRC Press
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781000804263
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  • Formaat: 326 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 16-Dec-2022
  • Kirjastus: CRC Press
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781000804263

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Containerization provides optimization of handling processes in terms of intermodality and efficient cargo handling, and maritime transport, in particular, it provides further optimization of shipping processes in terms of volume and distance. Containerization has become the most significant factor stimulating the development of modern global trade. With the progress of globalization taken into account (longer distances and increasing cargo volumes), it can be seen that cargo becomes predestined to be transported by sea, which encourages ship owners to enlarge their fleets of container ships. Containerization in Maritime Transport: Contemporary Trends and Challenges addresses the key challenges to maritime transport and containerization, beginning with economic and managerial factors, through organizational, technical, operational, information and IT challenges, and ending with ecological challengesideally to lessen the environmental impacts of maritime transport.

Features:











Discusses the latest technological advances in shipping, including augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), artificial intelligence (AI), 5G networks, smart camera and computer vision systems, and digital twin technology.











Presents ecological considerations and solutions that are indispensable to develop efficient and safe green supply chains.











Examines the economic aspects of shipping with regard to transport and container handling costs in international trade.
About the Authors xi
Acknowledgments xiii
Glossary of Terms and Abbreviations (Acronyms) xv
Introduction 1(8)
PART 1 Maritime Containerized Transport (the Status Quo of Its Structure and Main Processes)
Chapter 1 The Origins of Containerization Processes in International Trade
9(1)
1.1 Pre-container Loading Units in Transport and the Arrival of a Container
9(3)
1.2 Implications Caused by the Implementation of Containers to the World's Economy
12(2)
1.3 Determinants of the Development of Containerization in the World with the Particular Consideration of Maritime Transport
14(11)
Chapter 2 A Container as a Loading Unit
25(16)
2.1 The Definition and Principles of Container Standardization (Type Series)
25(5)
2.2 The Construction of Containers
30(4)
2.3 Types of Containers (Taxonomy of Containers)
34(7)
Chapter 3 Container Transport System and Multimodal Transport Systems
41(24)
3.1 The Container Transport System
41(5)
3.2 Modal Systems of Container Transport
46(6)
3.3 Multimodal (Intermodal) Container Transport Systems
52(6)
Multimodal Transport
54(1)
Intermodal Transport
55(1)
Combined Transport
56(2)
3.4 Systemic Legal Regulations in Domestic and International Container Turnover
58(7)
3.4.1 International Convention for Safe Containers (CSC)
58(2)
3.4.2 Legal Regulations for Transporting Hazardous Cargo in Containers with Particular Consideration of the International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code (IMDG)
60(5)
Chapter 4 The Development of the Global Fleet of Container Vessels
65(26)
4.1 Types of Container Vessels
65(4)
4.2 The Size and Structure of the Global Fleet of Container Vessels
69(3)
4.3 The Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic and a War in Ukraine on the Global Fleet of Container Vessels and the Prospects for Further Operation of the Fleet
72(5)
4.4 The World's Largest Container Operators in Maritime Transport
77(5)
4.5 The Characteristics of the Selected Container Shipowners
82(5)
A.P. Møller--Maersk
82(1)
Mediterranean Shipping Company (MSC)
83(1)
COSCO Shipping Lines Co
83(1)
CMA CGM
83(1)
Hapag-Lloyd
84(2)
Ocean Network Express--One
86(1)
Evergreen Marine Corporation (EMC)
86(1)
4.6 The Assets, Capital, Revenues and Costs of the Selected Container Shipowner--Hapag-Lloyd
87(4)
Chapter 5 The Size and Geographical Structure of International Container Shipping in Maritime Transport
91(20)
5.1 The Global Stock of Containers Applied in Maritime Transport
91(2)
5.2 Suitability of Cargo for Containerization in International Trade
93(2)
5.3 The Volume and Directions of Global Flows in Maritime Container Transport
95(4)
5.4 The Volume and Geographical Structure of the Global Container Turnover at Seaports
99(6)
5.5 Empty Containers in International Maritime Trade (Repositioning)
105(6)
PART 2 Economic Challenges to Maritime Containerized Transport
Chapter 6 Transport and Container Handling Costs in International Maritime Transport
111(24)
6.1 Allocation of Transport and Container Handling Costs to Exporters and Importers
111(3)
6.2 Port Fees That Are Charged on Maritime Container Operators for the Use of Port Facilities and Container Terminals (the European Approach)
114(2)
6.3 Fees Charged for Customs Brokerage Services under the Customs Procedures Followed in Containerized Cargo Shipping (the European Approach)
116(4)
6.4 Freight Rates in Maritime Container Transport
120(3)
6.5 Fees Charged on Exporters and Importers of Containerized Cargo for Services Provided by Container Terminals (the European Approach)
123(5)
6.6 Indices in Maritime Container Turnover
128(7)
Chapter 7 Documents in International Maritime Transport
135(16)
7.1 A Booking Contract and a Booking List
135(3)
7.2 A Sea Waybill
138(2)
7.3 A Liner Bill of Lading
140(2)
7.4 Direct (Through), Multimodal and FIATA Bills of Lading
142(3)
7.5 A Slot-Hire Contract
145(2)
7.6 The Significance of a Bill of Lading in International Settlements with the Use of a Documentary Letter of Credit
147(1)
7.7 A Cargo Manifest
147(4)
Chapter 8 Insurance of Containers and Vessels in Maritime Transport
151(10)
8.1 Circumstances for Insuring Containers, Cargo and Container Vessels
151(3)
8.2 Hull Insurance
154(1)
8.3 Civil Liability Insurance Pertaining to the Operation of a Vessel
155(1)
8.4 Cargo Insurance
156(5)
PART 3 Managerial and Operational Challenges to Maritime Containerized Transport
Chapter 9 The Role of Port Container Terminals in the Maritime Container Turnover
161(18)
9.1 The Notion of a Container Terminal
161(2)
9.2 Dry Ports
163(1)
9.3 Container Depots
164(1)
9.4 The Characteristics of Maritime Container Terminals
165(3)
9.5 The Selected Global Operators of Maritime Container Terminals
168(11)
Chapter 10 Organizational and Technical Conditions Underlying Operation of Port Container Terminals
179(28)
10.1 Models of the Functioning of Port Container Terminals
179(11)
10.2 Factors Determining Terminal Operations of Container Handling
190(3)
10.3 Terminal Infrastructure and Suprastructure
193(6)
10.4 Services Provided by Port Container Terminals
199(8)
10.4.1 Stuffing and Stripping Containers in Maritime Trade
199(3)
10.4.2 Stowing Containers on Board
202(1)
10.4.3 Access to the Operational System of a Terminal for Cargo Consignees
203(4)
Chapter 11 Information and IT (Telematics) Solutions in the Management of Containerization Processes in Maritime Transport
207(32)
11.1 Tasks and Architecture of Telematics Systems in the Management of Containerization Processes
207(3)
11.2 Monitoring Systems of Container Loading Units in Maritime Transport
210(5)
11.3 Loading Systems Applied in Maritime Transport of Containerized Cargo (Vessel-Planning Class Systems)
215(5)
11.4 Terminal Operation Systems Dedicated to Maritime Transport of Containerized Cargo (the TOS-Class)
220(6)
11.5 Access Systems to a Terminal Operation System Dedicated to Cargo Consigners (Access Systems for Forwarders, a Notification System, OCR)
226(13)
PART 4 Sustainable Development Challenges to Containerized Maritime Transport
Chapter 12 Ecologistics and Sustainable Development Requirements in the Pragmatics of Containerization Processes in Maritime Transport
239(38)
12.1 The Origin and Formal and Legal Aspects of Emission Restrictions in Maritime Transport
239(16)
12.1.1 Maritime Transport as a GHG Emitter--an Imperative for the Implementation of a Methodology for Counting Externalities and External Costs in Maritime Transport (Including Containerized Maritime Transport) in the Light of Challenges Posed to Sustainable Development
239(8)
12.1.2 Legal Acts and Legislation and Operational Factors (MARPOL, SOLAS, BWM, Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI), Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP)
247(6)
12.1.3 Components of GHG/CO2 Emission and C02 Equivalent in Maritime Transport (Identification of Factors)
253(2)
12.2 Standards, Control and Verification of Emission Generated by Maritime Transport (MRV C02/C02E)
255(7)
12.2.1 MRV C02--Identification of the Procedures, Carbon Intensity Indicator (CII, EEXI, EEDI)
255(3)
12.2.2 Organizational, Technical and Operational Factors Determining Lower Emission Generated by Maritime Transport
258(4)
12.3 Standards, Control and Verification of Emissions Generated by Maritime Container Terminals
262(15)
12.3.1 Carbon Footprint--Identification of Procedures at the Level of a Maritime Container Terminal
262(5)
12.3.2 Organizational, Technical and Operational Factors Determining Lower Emission Generated in the Operational Field of a Maritime Container Terminal (Scope 1 and 2--Scope 3 Ultimately)
267(4)
12.3.3 A Maritime Container Terminal as an Element of a Low-/Zero-Emission Sea-Land Logistic Chain
271(6)
Chapter 13 Conclusions
277(4)
Appendix 281(4)
References 285(18)
Index 303
UG Professor Emeritus Eugeniusz Gostomski, Ph.D., is a long-standing academic employee of the Department of International Business at the Faculty of Economics at the University of Gdask, a member of a supervisory board of a stock exchange-listed company. He specializes in the field of economic analysis and international maritime trade, with particular consideration of German economy. He is an author of numerous monographs, including German Economy, International Banking, and International Maritime Trade.

WSB Associate Professor Ryszard Miler, Ph.D., is a director of the Baltic Sea Centre of Applied Logistics at the Faculty of IT and New Technologies at WSB in Gdask and an academic employee of the WSB-DSW Scientific Federation. He holds the title of European Senior Logistician, awarded by the European Logistics Association. He specializes in the field of logistics management, telematics systems and maritime transport. He is an author of numerous scientific monographs, including Safety and Security of Maritime Transport and Telematics Solutions in Maritime and Inland Waterway Transport.

Assistant Professor Tomasz Nowosielski, Ph.D., is an academic employee of the Department of Transport and Maritime Trade at the Faculty of Economics at the University of Gdask. His scientific interests include land and maritime transport systems, globalization processes and the protection of marine environment. He is a co-author of several monographs, including International Maritime Trade and Evolution and Significance of Maritime Ports in EU Countries.