Muutke küpsiste eelistusi

E-raamat: Conventional Flowmeters: Volume II

(Flow Research, Inc., USA)
  • Formaat: 196 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 15-Dec-2022
  • Kirjastus: CRC Press
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781000797978
  • Formaat - EPUB+DRM
  • Hind: 113,09 €*
  • * hind on lõplik, st. muud allahindlused enam ei rakendu
  • Lisa ostukorvi
  • Lisa soovinimekirja
  • See e-raamat on mõeldud ainult isiklikuks kasutamiseks. E-raamatuid ei saa tagastada.
  • Raamatukogudele
  • Formaat: 196 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 15-Dec-2022
  • Kirjastus: CRC Press
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781000797978

DRM piirangud

  • Kopeerimine (copy/paste):

    ei ole lubatud

  • Printimine:

    ei ole lubatud

  • Kasutamine:

    Digitaalõiguste kaitse (DRM)
    Kirjastus on väljastanud selle e-raamatu krüpteeritud kujul, mis tähendab, et selle lugemiseks peate installeerima spetsiaalse tarkvara. Samuti peate looma endale  Adobe ID Rohkem infot siin. E-raamatut saab lugeda 1 kasutaja ning alla laadida kuni 6'de seadmesse (kõik autoriseeritud sama Adobe ID-ga).

    Vajalik tarkvara
    Mobiilsetes seadmetes (telefon või tahvelarvuti) lugemiseks peate installeerima selle tasuta rakenduse: PocketBook Reader (iOS / Android)

    PC või Mac seadmes lugemiseks peate installima Adobe Digital Editionsi (Seeon tasuta rakendus spetsiaalselt e-raamatute lugemiseks. Seda ei tohi segamini ajada Adober Reader'iga, mis tõenäoliselt on juba teie arvutisse installeeritud )

    Seda e-raamatut ei saa lugeda Amazon Kindle's. 

Conventional Flowmeters covers origin, principle of operation, development, advantages and disadvantages, applications, and frontiers of research for conventional technology flowmeters, which include differential pressure and primary elements, positive displacement, turbine, open channel, and variable area.

There are more conventional technology meters being used in the field than new-technology meters. New developments, such as more accurate pressure transmitters, new primary elements such as cone elements, reversible flow, and dual rotor turbine meters, and variable area meters with transmitters and a signal output, are discussed.

Features:





Offers a working knowledge of the origin and development of the more traditional technology flowmeters: differential pressure and primary elements, positive displacement, turbine, open channel, and variable area Describes how these conventional meters still fit into what is being called Industry 4.0 Discusses the advantages and disadvantages of conventional technology meters and provides a rationale for retaining or replacing these meters Focuses on the origin, development operating principles, and applications for the meters Explores the development of each conventional flowmeter type, including the roles of companies such as Siemens, ABB, Emerson, Foxboro, KROHNE, and Endress+Hauser

This book is designed for anyone involved with flowmeters and instrumentation, including product and marketing managers, strategic planners, application engineers, and distributors.
List of Figures
xv
List of Tables
xix
Preface xxi
Acknowledgments xxiii
Author xxv
Chapter 1 A Preview of Coming Attractions
1(10)
Overview
1(3)
Chapter Summary
4(1)
A Preview of Upcoming
Chapters
4(7)
Chapter 2 The Building Blocks of Flow
11(8)
Overview
11(1)
Definitions Are Relative
11(1)
David Spitzer's Definition of "Flow"
12(1)
Loy Upp's Definition of "Flow"
13(1)
A Comparison of Definitions
13(1)
Cross-sectional Area of a Pipe
14(1)
An Alternative View of the Width of Circles
15(1)
Velocity Profile
15(1)
Insertion Flowmeters
16(1)
Multiple Factors Influence Flow Measurement
17(2)
Chapter 3 Conventional Flowmeters
19(6)
Overview
19(1)
Defining Conventional Flowmeters
19(1)
Differential Pressure Transmitters
19(1)
Primary Elements
20(1)
Positive Displacement
21(1)
Turbine
21(1)
Open Channel
22(1)
Variable Area
22(1)
Familiarity Breeds Respect
23(1)
Switching Technologies Has a Cost
24(1)
Selecting a Flowmeter
24(1)
Chapter 4 Differential Pressure Transmitters
25(16)
Overview
25(1)
DP and Other Pressure Transmitters
26(2)
Product Improvements
28(1)
Multivariable Transmitters Offer Enhanced Flexibility
28(1)
DP Transmitter Companies
29(3)
Emerson Automation Solutions
29(1)
History and Organization
29(2)
DP Transmitter Products
31(1)
Yokogawa Electric Company
31(1)
History and Organization
31(1)
DP Transmitter Products
31(1)
How They Work
32(1)
Growth Factors for the DP Flow Transmitter Market
33(2)
Energy Efficiency and Conservation
33(1)
Plant Upgrades and Retrofits
34(1)
Growth in Developing Markets
34(1)
The DP Flow Transmitter Replacement Market
35(1)
Higher Performance in DP Flow Transmitters
35(1)
Factors Limiting Growth for the DP Flow Transmitter Market
35(2)
Pressure Transmitters Are More Reliable, Reducing the Need for Replacements
36(1)
Other Flow Technologies Are Replacing DP Transmitters
36(1)
Multivariable Transmitters Include Several Transmitters in a Single Package
36(1)
Market Consolidation Has Led to Product Rationalization, Reducing Availability of Some Products
37(1)
Frontiers of Research
37(4)
Multivariable Flowmeters
37(1)
Offering DP Transmitters with Integrated Flow Elements
38(1)
Technological Advances to Meet Advanced Plant Upgrade and More Stringent Environmental Requirements
38(1)
Higher Performance in DP Flow Transmitters
39(2)
Chapter 5 Primary Elements
41(22)
Overview
41(1)
History of Primary Elements and DP Flow Measurement
42(1)
Theory of DP Measurement
43(1)
Types of Primary Elements
44(9)
Orifice Measuring Points
44(1)
Pitot Tubes
45(1)
Venturi Tubes
46(1)
Cone Elements
47(2)
Flow Nozzles
49(1)
Wedge Elements
50(1)
Combination Elements
51(1)
Other Primary Elements
51(2)
Primary Elements Companies
53(2)
Daniel
53(1)
History and Organization
53(1)
Primary Elements Products
54(1)
McCrometer
54(1)
History and Organization
55(1)
Primary Elements Products
55(1)
Growth Factors for the Primary Elements Market
55(3)
The Large Installed Base of DP Flow Transmitters
56(1)
Rapid Growth in China, India, and Other Developing Markets
56(1)
Technology Improvements in Primary Elements
57(1)
Growth in the Use of Multivariate DP Flowmeters
57(1)
Growth in the Use of Integrated DP Flowmeters
57(1)
Factors Limiting the Growth of the Primary Elements Market
58(1)
Other Flow Technologies Are Replacing DP Transmitters
58(1)
In Many Cases, Primary Elements Are Commodity Items
58(1)
Applications
59(1)
Steam
59(1)
Measurement and Monitoring of Flare and Stack Gas Flow
60(1)
Frontiers of Research
60(3)
Technology Improvements in Primary Elements
60(1)
Developing More Types of Orifice Plates
61(1)
Combining Different Types of Primary Elements into One
61(2)
Chapter 6 Positive Displacement Flowmeters
63(24)
Overview
63(1)
PD Flowmeters Are One of the Earliest Technology Types
63(1)
Utility Applications
64(1)
PD Flowmeters Will Be Around for Many Years to Come
64(1)
PD Flowmeter Companies
65(4)
Dresser Utility Solutions
65(1)
History and Organization
66(1)
PD Flowmeter Products
67(1)
TechnipFMC
67(1)
History and Organization
67(2)
PD Flowmeter Products
69(1)
How They Work
69(9)
Oval Gear
70(1)
Rotary
70(1)
Gear
71(1)
Helical
72(1)
Nutating Disc
72(1)
Piston
73(1)
Oscillating Piston
74(2)
Diaphragm
76(1)
Spur Gear
77(1)
Other Types and Variations
77(1)
Growth Factors for the PD Flowmeter Market
78(4)
There Are Many PD Flowmeter Suppliers
78(2)
Large Installed Base
80(1)
New Products, Applications, and Capabilities
80(1)
High Accuracy: A Major Factor
80(1)
Good for Measuring Low Flowrates
81(1)
Excel with High Viscosity Liquids
82(1)
Factors Limiting the Growth of PD Flowmeters
82(2)
Competition from New-Technology Flowmeters
82(1)
Competition from Conventional Meters
83(1)
Frontiers of Research
84(3)
From "The Meter with a Face" to Electronic Registers
84(1)
Improved Manufacturing Methods Increase Precision
85(1)
Capitalize on Downstream Refined Fuel Distribution with Integrated Solutions
85(1)
Explore New PD Flowmeter Designs
85(2)
Chapter 7 Turbine Flowmeters
87(18)
Overview
87(1)
History of Turbine Flowmeters
87(1)
Turbine Flowmeter Companies
88(3)
Honeywell Elster
88(1)
History and Organization
89(1)
Honeywell Elster Group GmbH
89(1)
Turbine Flowmeter Products
90(1)
Faure Herman
90(1)
History and Organization
90(1)
Turbine Flowmeter Products
91(1)
How They Work
91(1)
Types of Turbine Meters
92(1)
Growth Factors for the Turbine Flowmeter Market
93(3)
Installed Base of Turbine Flowmeters
94(1)
Turbine Flowmeters Are Used for Both Liquid and Gas Measurement
94(1)
Approval Organizations Specify Turbine Meters
95(1)
Turbine Flowmeters Are a Good Choice for Steady, Medium- to High-Speed Flows
95(1)
Turbine Suppliers Continue to Make Technology Improvements
96(1)
Factors Limiting the Growth of Turbine Flowmeters
96(4)
Maintenance and Repair
97(1)
Competition from New-Technology Flowmeters
98(1)
Competition from Conventional Meters
98(1)
A Perceived Lack of Investment in Enhanced Turbine Flowmeter Designs
99(1)
Turbine Flowmeter Market Not Keeping Pace with Other Flowmeter Types
99(1)
Applications for Turbine Meters
100(5)
Frontiers of Research
101(1)
Improved Construction Materials for Bearings
101(1)
Dual Rotor Designs Enhance Performance
102(1)
Dual Tube Design
102(1)
Other Improvements
103(2)
Chapter 8 Open Channel Flowmeters
105(16)
Overview
105(1)
An Ocean of Water
106(1)
Water and Air Currents
106(2)
Open Channel Flow vs. Closed Pipe Flow
108(1)
Open Channel Flowmeter Companies
109(1)
Hach
109(1)
History and Organization
109(1)
Open Channel Flowmeter Products
109(1)
Siemens
110(1)
History and Organization
110(1)
Open Channel Flowmeter Products
110(1)
How They Work
110(3)
Growth Factors for Open Channel Flowmeters
113(3)
An Increasing Need to Measure Water Flow
114(1)
Conventional Meters Are Being Replaced by New-Technology Flowmeters
114(1)
Flowmeters Are Used at Multiple Places in an Irrigation System
114(1)
Increased Regulations and Cost Drive Flowmeter Usage
115(1)
Desalination Plant Construction Is a Boon to Instrumentation Suppliers
115(1)
Continuing Development of Technologies
116(1)
Factors Limiting the Growth of the Open Channel Flowmeter Market
116(1)
Delays in Funding, Planning, and Deployment
116(1)
Lack of Investment in Open Channel Flowmeters
117(1)
Frontiers of Research
117(4)
Measuring the Size of the Channel
118(1)
Integrating Different Technologies
118(1)
Integrating Flowmeters with Control Valves
119(2)
Chapter 9 Variable Area Flowmeters
121(12)
Overview
121(1)
History
121(1)
VA Flowmeter Companies
122(3)
ABB
122(1)
History and Organization
123(1)
VA Flowmeter Products
123(1)
Brooks Instrument
123(1)
History and Organization
124(1)
VA Flowmeter Products
124(1)
How They Work
125(1)
Growth Factors for the VA Flowmeter Market
126(3)
Users Have a Need for the Measurements Done Well by VA Flowmeters
126(1)
The Drive to Enhance Efficiency by Measuring Everything
126(1)
Networking Through Communication Interfaces
127(1)
VA Flowmeters Are Chosen by Laboratory, Research, and OEM Users
127(1)
VA Flowmeters Are a Low-Cost Solution
127(1)
Fast, Regional Delivery
128(1)
Factors Limiting the Growth of the VA Flowmeter Market
129(1)
Mounting Configuration
129(1)
Measuring Tube Material Choices
129(1)
Fluid Pressure
129(1)
Fluid Viscosity Changes
129(1)
Line Size
130(1)
Measurement Accuracy
130(1)
Applications
130(1)
Frontiers of Research
130(3)
Addition of Transmitters and Communication Protocols
130(1)
Putting the Right Scale on a VA Meter
131(1)
Dealing with Calibration Issues for VA Flowmeters
131(2)
Chapter 10 Flowmeters and the Oil and Gas Industry
133(20)
Overview
133(1)
Types of Gas and Other Fluids
133(3)
Petroleum Liquids
133(1)
Non-petroleum Liquids
134(1)
Gases
135(1)
Industrial Gases
135(1)
Natural Gas
135(1)
The Three Main Segments of the Oil and Gas Industry
136(3)
Upstream
136(1)
Midstream
137(1)
Downstream
138(1)
The Oil and Gas Industry and the Price of Oil
139(1)
The Underlying Dynamics of the Oil Market
139(8)
The Role of Fracking
140(1)
Types of Oil and the Formation of OPEC
141(1)
How Oil Is Measured
141(1)
Factors that Influence Oil Prices
142(1)
Four Benchmark Oils: WTI, Brent, Dubai/Oman, and the OPEC Reference Basket
142(1)
What is OPEC?
143(2)
Why Was OPEC Formed?
145(1)
OPEC and "The Seven Sisters"
145(1)
OPEC Since 1970
146(1)
How Supply and Demand Impact Oil Prices
147(1)
The Flowmeter Market in 2020
147(1)
Flow Measurement and Oil Prices
148(1)
Oil Prices in 2019 and 2020
148(2)
Pandemic
149(1)
Another Extraordinary Meeting
149(1)
The Sudden Dip
149(1)
Signs of Recovery
150(1)
Oil Prices in 2022
150(1)
Effect on the Flowmeter Markets
150(1)
The Oil and Gas Industry and the Other Process Industries
150(3)
Chapter 11 Four Paradoxes of Continuity
153(6)
Overview
153(1)
The Rope Experiment
153(1)
A Flaw in Calculus
154(5)
Chapter 12 Sensing and Measuring
159(12)
Theory of Sensing
159(3)
Sensing and Measuring
160(1)
What is a Sensor?
160(1)
The Amplifier or Transducer
161(1)
Sensor and Transmitter
161(1)
What is Measurement, and How Does it Differ from Sensing?
162(3)
Mechanical, Electronic, and Biological Sensors
163(1)
Electronic Sensors
163(1)
Biological Sensors
164(1)
Frontiers of Research
165(6)
The Measurement of Time
165(1)
Do Clocks Sense Time?
165(1)
Decimal Time
166(1)
Advantages of Decimal Time
166(1)
Flowtime
166(2)
Why Change to Flowtime?
168(3)
Index 171
Dr. Jesse Yoder, President of Flow Research, has 36 years of experience writing about and analyzing process control and instrumentation markets, beginning as president and founder of Idea Network. He received a B.A. degree in philosophy at the University of Maryland in 1973. He received a PhD in philosophy from the University of Massachusetts in 1984, writing in philosophy of mind. Dr. Yoder was an adjunct philosophy professor at the University of Massachusetts Lowell and Lafayette College for 10 years. He founded Flow Research, Inc. in 1998, where he still serves as President.

Dr. Yoder has received two patents for new dual-sensor flowmeter designs. Several prototypes of these designs have been built and tested at CEESI. He has written over 280 market studies, has published over 300 articles on flow and instrumentation in industry journals, and has written several books.