About the Authors |
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xv | |
Preface |
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xvii | |
Acknowledgments |
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xx | |
Chapter 1 The Criminal Justice System |
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1 | (16) |
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1 | (2) |
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Components of the Criminal Justice System |
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3 | (1) |
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Corrections in the Community |
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4 | (10) |
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14 | (1) |
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15 | (1) |
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15 | (1) |
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15 | (2) |
Chapter 2 Pretrial Bond, Bail, and Diversion |
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17 | (15) |
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17 | (1) |
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The Purpose of Pretrial Services |
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18 | (1) |
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The History of Pretrial Services |
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18 | (2) |
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20 | (3) |
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23 | (2) |
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25 | (1) |
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Current State of Pretrial Services |
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26 | (3) |
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29 | (1) |
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29 | (1) |
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30 | (1) |
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30 | (2) |
Chapter 3 Sentencing and Community Corrections |
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32 | (21) |
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32 | (1) |
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Contemporary Sentencing Practices |
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32 | (2) |
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The Purpose of Criminal Sanctions |
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34 | (1) |
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35 | (1) |
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The Development of the Indeterminate Sentence |
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36 | (3) |
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Rapid Changes in Sentencing |
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39 | (1) |
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Move to a More Punitive Approach |
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40 | (1) |
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41 | (1) |
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41 | (6) |
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47 | (1) |
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48 | (1) |
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49 | (1) |
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50 | (1) |
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51 | (1) |
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51 | (2) |
Chapter 4 Probation in America |
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53 | (42) |
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53 | (3) |
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56 | (1) |
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Philosophical Bases of Probation |
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57 | (1) |
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58 | (1) |
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Development of Probation at the Federal Level |
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59 | (4) |
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63 | (1) |
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Objectives and Advantages of Probation |
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64 | (1) |
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65 | (1) |
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The Pre-Sentence Investigation Report |
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66 | (8) |
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74 | (4) |
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Alternative Probation Procedures |
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78 | (1) |
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79 | (4) |
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83 | (4) |
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87 | (2) |
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89 | (1) |
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89 | (1) |
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90 | (1) |
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91 | (4) |
Chapter 5 Parole in America |
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95 | (48) |
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95 | (1) |
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The Development of Parole |
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96 | (2) |
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The Roots of American Parole |
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98 | (1) |
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The Rise of Early Prison Reform |
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99 | (1) |
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Early Practices in Other Nations |
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100 | (2) |
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102 | (2) |
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104 | (2) |
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106 | (1) |
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Legal Challenges to Parole |
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107 | (1) |
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Administrative Challenges |
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108 | (1) |
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109 | (1) |
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Overview of the Parole Process |
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109 | (7) |
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Factors Influencing Parole Decisions |
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116 | (5) |
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Parole Board Release Decisions |
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121 | (1) |
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122 | (1) |
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122 | (2) |
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Problems with Parole Board Discretionary Power |
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124 | (1) |
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Parole Board Decision-Making Guidelines |
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125 | (1) |
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126 | (7) |
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133 | (1) |
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133 | (3) |
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136 | (1) |
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136 | (7) |
Chapter 6 Offender Assessment |
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143 | (32) |
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143 | (1) |
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Importance of Assessment and Classification |
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143 | (1) |
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Principles of Offender Classification |
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144 | (10) |
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The Evolution of Classification |
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154 | (8) |
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Juvenile Risk/Need Assessment Tools |
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162 | (1) |
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Specialized Assessment Tools |
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162 | (1) |
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Criticisms of Assessment Tools |
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163 | (1) |
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Advantages of Assessment Tools |
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164 | (4) |
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Standards of Classification |
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168 | (1) |
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Classification and Female Offenders |
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169 | (1) |
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169 | (1) |
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170 | (1) |
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170 | (1) |
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170 | (5) |
Chapter 7 Roles of Probation and Parole Officers |
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175 | (18) |
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175 | (1) |
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Probation and Parole Officers |
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175 | (1) |
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Agency Philosophy and Societal Influences |
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176 | (2) |
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178 | (4) |
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Self-Image of Probation and Parole Officers |
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182 | (2) |
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184 | (1) |
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Characteristics of Effective Probation Coaches |
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185 | (3) |
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188 | (1) |
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188 | (1) |
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189 | (1) |
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189 | (4) |
Chapter 8 Supervision Strategies and Delivering Services to Offenders |
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193 | (25) |
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193 | (1) |
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193 | (2) |
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Assigning Offenders to Officers |
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195 | (4) |
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199 | (2) |
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201 | (2) |
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203 | (3) |
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Brokerage Officers: Contracting for Services |
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206 | (1) |
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Caseworker Skills: Addressing Criminogenic Needs |
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207 | (4) |
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Improving Community Supervision |
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211 | (2) |
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213 | (1) |
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214 | (1) |
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215 | (1) |
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215 | (1) |
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216 | (2) |
Chapter 9 Graduated Responses to Behavior |
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218 | (27) |
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218 | (1) |
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When Regular Probation Is Not Enough |
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218 | (1) |
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219 | (1) |
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220 | (6) |
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Swift, Certain, and Fair Approaches |
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226 | (1) |
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227 | (4) |
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Home Confinement, Electronic Monitoring, and GPS Tracking |
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231 | (2) |
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Shock Incarceration Programs |
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233 | (1) |
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234 | (3) |
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237 | (2) |
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239 | (1) |
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239 | (1) |
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240 | (1) |
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240 | (5) |
Chapter 10 Community Residential Correctional Programs |
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245 | (27) |
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245 | (1) |
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Historical Development of the Halfway House in America |
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246 | (3) |
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249 | (2) |
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Models of Community Residential Programs |
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251 | (3) |
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254 | (1) |
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Metropolitan Residential Programs |
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255 | (6) |
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Juveniles in Residential Placement |
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261 | (1) |
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Effectiveness of Community Residential Programs |
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262 | (4) |
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The Future of Residential Community Corrections |
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266 | (1) |
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267 | (1) |
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267 | (1) |
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268 | (1) |
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269 | (3) |
Chapter 11 Special Populations in Community Corrections |
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272 | (23) |
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272 | (1) |
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272 | (6) |
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278 | (4) |
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Driving Under the Influence |
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282 | (1) |
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Domestic Violence Offenders |
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283 | (2) |
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285 | (5) |
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290 | (1) |
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290 | (1) |
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290 | (1) |
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291 | (4) |
Chapter 12 Women and Community Corrections |
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295 | (15) |
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295 | (1) |
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Female Corrections Populations |
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295 | (9) |
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304 | (3) |
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307 | (1) |
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307 | (1) |
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307 | (1) |
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307 | (3) |
Chapter 13 Problem-Solving Courts |
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310 | (25) |
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310 | (1) |
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The Development of Drug Courts |
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310 | (1) |
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The Emergence of the Drug Court |
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311 | (5) |
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316 | (10) |
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Problem-Solving Court Effectiveness |
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326 | (1) |
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Issues Facing Problem-Solving Courts |
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327 | (2) |
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329 | (1) |
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329 | (1) |
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330 | (1) |
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330 | (5) |
Chapter 14 Evaluating Community Corrections |
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335 | (24) |
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335 | (2) |
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The Importance of Evaluating Community Correctional Programs |
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337 | (1) |
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Limitations of Effectiveness Studies |
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338 | (1) |
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Correctional Effectiveness |
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339 | (10) |
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Introduction to Program Assessment |
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349 | (5) |
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354 | (1) |
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355 | (1) |
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355 | (1) |
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356 | (3) |
Chapter 15 The Future of Corrections in the Community |
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359 | (16) |
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359 | (1) |
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359 | (2) |
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361 | (3) |
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Convictions and Collateral Consequences |
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364 | (1) |
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Racial, Ethnic, and Gender Disparities |
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365 | (1) |
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Community Corrections Footprint |
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366 | (2) |
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Establishing a New Community Corrections System |
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368 | (1) |
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Designed for Behavioral Change |
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369 | (3) |
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372 | (1) |
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372 | (1) |
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373 | (1) |
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373 | (2) |
Glossary/Index |
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375 | |