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E-raamat: Creating a More Transparent Internet

Edited by (VU University Amsterdam), Edited by (VU University Amsterdam)
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"In this chapter we discuss how perspectives have been approached in social psychology, communication science, and linguistics. Let us first discuss how perspectives are defined in these fields. From a psychological point of view, a perspective can be conceptualized as the existing knowledge, personally held view, beliefs, attitudes, or opinions about a given topic or object, as residing in an individual's mind. The most straightforward type of perspectives are beliefs and attitudes. Beliefs are bits of private knowledge about entities, such as: "this guy works for Sony", or "beer mixes poorly with chocolate". Attitudes are basically affective evaluations of entities, ranging from positive to negative, such as: "I don't like this guy", or "I love beer". The object of interest can also concern a broad entity, such as a generic social category of people (e.g., Germans, scientists). In these cases the associated set of beliefs are termed stereotypes, while attitudes about social categories are termed prejudice"--

Arvustused

'Misinformation and disinformation on the web are problems we face as a society, and this book is for anyone looking for hope for the future! Well-regarded authors in various disciplines contribute enjoyable and informed chapters on theoretical accounts of perspectives and how they work, practical methods for discovering and measuring bias, and computational procedures for identifying and fixing perspectives at web scale with consistent and reliable results.' Eduard Hovy, Carnegie Mellon University

Muu info

This book investigates how science can help mitigate social media's negative effects on communication and create more transparency.
1. Introducing the Perspective Web P. Vossen and A. Fokkens; Part I. Theoretical Background:
2. Perspectives from a social psychological and communication scientific perspective C Beukeboom and I Vermeulen;
3. Computational linguistics for subjectivity P Nakov; Part II. Social Impact:
4. Perspectives in a social context: The role of communication I Vermeulen, C Beukeboom;
5. Linguistic perspective in written discourse K van Krieken and J Sanders;
6. The meso level: Perspectives in a social context R Neo;
7. The macro level: Perspectives embedded in society, culture and technology H Vu; Part III. Mediating Perspectives:
8. The mediation of online information J Noordegraaf and T Poell;
9. The source and its encoding. Reflections on metadata in digitized and born-digital media collections E Hoyt;
10. Knowledge-making on techno-commercial platforms: The example of facebook J Anderson Schwarz;
11. Content, form and reception: Perspectives from digital media data Christina Neumayer;
12. Quality and perspectives D Ceolin, J Noordegraaf and L Aroyo;
13. Mining and modelling perspectives P. Vossen and A. Fokkens;
14. Natural language processing tasks for the extraction of perspectives C van Son, R Morante and P Vossen;
15. Towards automatic discovery of diverse perspectives S. Chen, D. Khashabi and D. Roth;
16. Formal representation and extraction of perspectives A Gangemi and V Presutti;
17. The user perspective in professional information search S Verberne;
18. Harvesting perspectives in social media T Caselli and M Nissim;
19. GRaSP: A model for the perspective web P. Vossen and A. Fokkens.
Piek Vossen is Professor in Computational Linguistics at the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam. He is co-founder and president of the Global Wordnet Association and received the Dutch Spinoza-prize in 2013 for his research. He used this prize for projects on language understanding, including mining perspectives in debates like on vaccination. Antske Fokkens is Professor in Computational Linguistics at the Vrije Universiteit in Amsterdam and Associate Professor at the Applied Geometric Algorithms group at the Technical University Eindhoven. Since 2021, she has acted as University Research Chair on methodological aspects of computational linguistics, in particular when used in an interdisciplinary setting.
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