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E-raamat: Crime Scene Management: Scene Specific Methods

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Edited by (West Midlands Police (Retired)), Edited by , Edited by (University of Wolverhampton)
  • Formaat: EPUB+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 23-Sep-2016
  • Kirjastus: John Wiley & Sons Inc
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781119180920
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Crime Scene Management: Scene Specific MethodsSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: EPUB+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 23-Sep-2016
  • Kirjastus: John Wiley & Sons Inc
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781119180920
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Second edition of an established text on common procedures for the identification and processing of evidence at scenes of crime

 

  • Includes chapters on quality assurance and credibility of practices and processes
  • issues surrounding major and complex crime 
  • Forensic handling of mass fatalities
  • Crime scene reconstruction and impact on evidence recovery processes
Introduction and Use of this Text xi
List of Contributors xiv
About the Companion Website xv
Part I Crime Scene Principles 1(70)
1 The Crime Scene Context
3(19)
Raul Sutton
1.1 Introduction
3(1)
1.2 What is a crime?
4(2)
1.3 The nature of the UK legal system
6(1)
1.4 The legal system in England and Wales
7(2)
1.5 Other courts
9(1)
1.6 The judicial system in Northern Ireland
9(2)
1.7 The Scottish legal system
11(1)
1.8 Judicial processes that deal with causes of death
12(2)
1.9 What constitutes evidence?
14(1)
1.10 The chain of events in evidence gathering
15(4)
1.11 The relationship between evidence gatherers and analysts
19(1)
1.12 Health and safety considerations
20(1)
Suggested further reading
21(1)
2 First Officer Attending
22(16)
Keith Trueman
Christopher Moran
2.1 Introduction
22(1)
2.2 Response to incident report
23(1)
2.3 Personnel involved in the investigative process
24(1)
2.4 Recording and recovery of scientific evidence
25(1)
2.5 Initial considerations of the First Officer Attending (FOA)
25(2)
2.6 Dealing with the victim
27(1)
2.7 Dealing with witnesses
28(1)
2.8 Dealing with suspects
29(1)
2.9 Dealing with the crime scene(s)
29(6)
2.10 Documentation
35(1)
2.11 Dealing with violent crime
35(1)
2.12 Summary and conclusion
36(2)
3 The Role of the Crime Scene Investigator
38(33)
Keith Trueman
Christopher Moran
3.1 Introduction
38(1)
3.2 Training the CSI
39(1)
3.3 The responsibilities of a CSI
40(2)
3.4 Forensic evidence
42(4)
3.5 Request for CSI attendance at crime scenes
46(1)
3.6 Actions when attending the crime scene
47(1)
3.7 Initial scene assessment (including health and safety considerations)
48(3)
3.8 Planning evidence recovery
51(1)
3.9 Recording the evidence
52(6)
3.10 The elimination process
58(1)
3.11 Details of evidence recovered
58(1)
3.12 Integrity, continuity and contamination
59(5)
3.13 Packaging materials
64(4)
3.14 Conclusion
68(3)
Part II Evidence-gathering Techniques 71(138)
4 Police Photography, Video Recording,3D Laser Scanning
73(24)
Chris Crowe
Christopher Moran
4.1 Introduction
73(1)
4.2 General guidelines
74(1)
4.3 Equipment
75(1)
4.4 Exposure
76(4)
4.5 Image quality/size
80(1)
4.6 Depth of field
81(2)
4.7 White balance
83(1)
4.8 Image data
83(1)
4.9 Flash photography
84(1)
4.10 Room interiors
85(1)
4.11 Vehicles
85(1)
4.12 Evidential items
85(1)
4.13 Recording injuries to the person
86(2)
4.14 Night photography
88(1)
4.15 Footwear impressions
89(1)
4.16 Fingerprints
90(2)
4.17 Recording video evidence at crime scenes
92(2)
4.18 The use of digital images in court
94(1)
4.19 3D laser scanning of scenes
95(1)
Suggested further reading
96(1)
5 Fingerprints
97(31)
David Charlton
5.1 Introduction
97(2)
5.2 The nature of friction ridge skin
99(1)
5.3 The structure of friction ridge skin
100(1)
5.4 Friction ridge growth
100(2)
5.5 Principles of friction ridge identification
102(1)
5.6 Comparison methodology
103(2)
5.7 Chemical composition of latent prints
105(2)
5.8 Identification of common locations for prints
107(2)
5.9 The use of powdering techniques to enhance latent finger marks
109(3)
5.10 Chemical development techniques
112(1)
5.11 Laboratory and scene applications
113(2)
5.12 Fingerprints in bodily fluids
115(3)
5.13 Scenes of fire
118(1)
5.14 Optical methods to reveal fingerprints (laser and other light sources)
119(3)
5.15 New and emerging techniques
122(1)
5.16 Remote transmission
122(1)
5.17
Chapter summary
123(2)
Acknowledgements
125(1)
Selected further reading
126(2)
6 DNA-rich Evidence
128(23)
Terry Bartlett
Sara Short
6.1 Introduction and historical background
128(1)
6.2 The structure and properties of DNA
129(1)
6.3 DNA analysis
130(1)
6.4 Types of DNA testing
130(4)
6.5 Biological evidence
134(2)
6.6 Procedures for collection of biological evidence: general considerations
136(11)
6.7 Limitations of DNA evidence
147(1)
6.8 Elimination and reference samples
148(1)
6.9 Summary
148(1)
References
149(2)
7 Blood Pattern Analysis
151(29)
Raul Sutton
Terry Bartlett
7.1 Introduction
151(1)
7.2 History of the development of blood spatter as a scientific discipline
152(1)
7.3 Composition of blood
153(1)
7.4 Physical properties of blood
154(2)
7.5 Causes of bleeding
156(1)
7.6 Blood dynamics
157(1)
7.7 Drop-surface impact and droplet pattern
157(4)
7.8 Determination of area of origin of spatter
161(1)
7.9 Cast-off patterns
162(1)
7.10 Arterial damage patterns
163(3)
7.11 Non-spatter patterns
166(3)
7.12 Physiologically altered bloodstains
169(4)
7.13 Volume bloodstains
173(2)
7.14 Composite patterns
175(1)
7.15 Investigative transfer and contamination issues
176(1)
7.16 Recording traces
176(2)
7.17 Summary
178(1)
Suggested further reading
178(2)
8 Physical Evidence
180(29)
Craig Williams
8.1 Introduction
180(1)
8.2 Tool marks
180(2)
8.3 Clothing
182(1)
8.4 Fibres
183(3)
8.5 Footwear impressions
186(2)
8.6 Glass fragments
188(2)
8.7 Glass fragmentation
190(2)
8.8 Soils
192(1)
8.9 Firearms
193(4)
8.10 Scene recovery of firearms
197(2)
8.11 Gunshot residues (GSR)
199(1)
8.12 Drugs of abuse (DOA)
200(2)
8.13 The crime scene characteristics of various DOA
202(1)
8.14 Presumptive tests for drugs
203(3)
8.15 Amateur explosives
206(1)
8.16 Summary
206(1)
Suggested further reading
207(2)
Part III Specialised Scenes and Report Writing 209(84)
9 Fire Scene Examination
211(20)
Chris Perry
Mark McCabe
9.1 Introduction
211(1)
9.2 The nature of fire
212(2)
9.3 The oxygen demand of fuels
214(3)
9.4 Flame and fire classifications; fire development
217(2)
9.5 Types of evidence specific to fire scenes
219(1)
9.6 Locating the origin of the fire
220(3)
9.7 Fire cause determination and evidence-gathering methods
223(3)
9.8 Methods for ascertaining whether a crime has been committed
226(2)
9.9 Health and safety considerations
228(1)
9.10 Summary
229(1)
Suggested further reading
230(1)
10 Examination of Recovered Stolen Motor Vehicles
231(21)
Keith Trueman
10.1 Introduction
231(2)
10.2 What is a motor vehicle?
233(1)
10.3 The definition of an auto crime
233(4)
10.4 Auto crime scene examinations
237(1)
10.5 Requests to attend an auto crime scene
238(3)
10.6 The examination process
241(10)
10.7 Conclusion
251(1)
11 Managing Complex Scenes and Multiple or Mass Fatality Scenes
252(15)
Christopher Moran
Derek Forest
11.1 Introduction
252(2)
11.2 Self-briefing
254(1)
11.3 Communication
255(1)
11.4 Establishing priorities
255(1)
11.5 Avoidance of contamination
256(1)
11.6 The forensic strategy
257(2)
11.7 'Defence' case review meeting
259(1)
11.8 Incident debrief
259(1)
11.9 Introduction to mass fatality incidents
260(1)
11.10 The range and nature of mass fatality incidents
261(1)
11.11 The type of investigation conducted
261(1)
11.12 Sequence of events in managing disaster victim identification scenes
262(2)
11.13 Recovery of mortal remains
264(2)
Suggested further reading
266(1)
12 Preparing Reports and Statements
267(16)
Keith Trueman
12.1 Introduction
267(1)
12.2 Documentation at the crime scene
268(1)
12.3 Photography
269(1)
12.4 Plans, sketches and diagrams
269(2)
12.5 The exhibit label
271(4)
12.6 Handling the evidence
275(3)
12.7 Statements of evidence
278(1)
12.8 Criminal Justice Act 1967, section 9
278(1)
12.9 Crime scene examination statements
279(2)
12.10 Conclusion
281(2)
13 Quality Assurance in Crime Scene Investigation
283(10)
Christopher Moran
13.1 Introduction
283(1)
13.2 Informal aspects of quality assurance
284(1)
13.3 The development of formal quality assurance
284(1)
13.4 The role of the Forensic Science Regulator
285(1)
13.5 Responsibility for measuring quality assurance
286(1)
13.6 The accreditation process
287(1)
13.7 Organisational requirements for accreditation
288(1)
13.8 Personnel requirements for accreditation
288(1)
13.9 Resource requirements for accreditation
289(1)
13.10 Process requirements for accreditation
289(1)
13.11 Management requirements for accreditation
290(1)
13.12 Maintaining accreditation
290(2)
Suggested further reading
292(1)
Appendices 293(10)
Index 303
Raul Sutton, Head of School, Biology, Chemistry and Forensic Science, School of Applied Science, University of Wolverhampton, UK. Raul's research includes the way that we identify people from finger marks and palm marks left at scenes of crime, and also methods to improve the accuracy of post mortem interval determination using cartilage as a marker tissue.

Keith Trueman is a retired West Midlands Police officer

Christopher Moran, University of Wolverhampton, UK Chris has extensive practical experience in the management of forensic investigations into serious and complex crime. He was a Forensic Scene Manager with West Midlands Police, has been responsible for  the training and mentoring of newly appointed forensic investigators and the provision of training to police investigative officers from trainee detectives to SIOs.
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