This volume presents the first substantial exploration of crusading and masculinity, focusing on the varied ways in which the symbiotic relationship between the two was made manifest in a range of medieval settings and sources, and to what ends. Ideas about masculinity formed an inherent part of the mindset of societies in which crusading happened, and of the conceptual framework informing both those who recorded the events and those who participated. Examination and interrogation of these ideas enables a better contextualised analysis of how those events were experienced, comprehended and portrayed. The collection is structured around five themes: sources and models; contrasting masculinities; emasculation and transgression; masculinity and religiosity and kingship and chivalry. By incorporating masculinity within their analysis of the crusades and of crusaders the contributors demonstrate how such approaches greatly enhance our understanding of crusading as an ideal, an institution and an experience. Individual essays consider western campaigns to the Middle East and Islamic responses to these, events and sources from the Iberian peninsula and Prussia are also interrogated and re-examined, thus enabling cross-cultural comparison of the meanings attached to medieval manhood. The collection also highlights the value of employing gender as a vital means of assessing relationships between different groups of men, whose values and standards of behaviour were socially and culturally constructed in distinct ways.
Arvustused
The volume is to be praised for the sheer breadth of methodological and thematic approaches: by systemically engaging with broad, complex ideas such as martyrdom, propaganda, nationhood and alterity, it effectively shows how rewarding an intersectional enquiry into crusader gender studies can be - Ceræ: An Australasian Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies, Vol. 6 (2019).
| Acknowledgements |
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viii | |
| Contributors 'biographies |
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ix | |
| Crusading and masculinities: introduction |
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1 | (18) |
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| Sources and models |
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19 | (2) |
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1 Propaganda and masculinity: gendering the crusades in thirteenth-century sermons |
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21 | (15) |
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2 The valiant man and the vilain in the tradition of the Gesta Francorum: overeating, taunts, and Bohemond's heroic status |
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36 | (17) |
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3 Al-Afdal b. Badr al-Jamali, the vizierate and the Fatimid response to the First Crusade: masculinity in historical memory |
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53 | (19) |
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4 The adolescent and the crusader: journey and rebirth on the path to manhood in the thirteenth century |
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72 | (17) |
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Contrasting masculinities |
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87 | (2) |
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5 Masculine attributes of the other: the shared knightly model |
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89 | (11) |
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6 The true gentleman? Correct behaviour towards women according to Christian and Muslim writers: from the Third Crusade to Sultan Baybars |
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100 | (13) |
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7 Contrasting masculinities in the Baltic crusades: Teutonic Knights and secular crusaders at war and peace in late Medieval Prussia |
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113 | (16) |
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8 The presentation of crusader masculinities in Old Norse sagas |
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129 | (20) |
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Emasculation and transgression |
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147 | (2) |
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9 Crusader masculinities in bodily crises: incapacity and the crusader leader, 1095--1274 |
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149 | (16) |
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10 Emasculating the enemy: Wicher the Swabian's fight with the Saracen giant |
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165 | (18) |
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11 Fighting women in the crusading period through Muslim eyes: transgressing expectations and facing realities? |
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183 | (16) |
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Masculinity and religiosity |
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197 | (2) |
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12 Leading the people "as duke, count, and father": the masculinities of Abbot Martin of Pairis in Gunther of Pairis' Hystoria Constantinopolitana |
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199 | (23) |
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13 Martyrdom as masculinity in the Itinerarium Peregrinorum et Gesta Regis Ricardi |
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222 | (15) |
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14 Mediterranean masculinities? Reflections of Muslim and Christian manliness: in medieval Iberian crusade and jihad narratives |
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237 | (19) |
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15 A Jewish solution to the problem of excessive Christian virility in the war against Spanish Islam |
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256 | (19) |
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273 | (2) |
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16 Performing Plantagenet kingship: crusading and masculinity in Matthew Paris's Chronica Majora |
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275 | (21) |
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17 Kingship on Crusade in the Chronicle and Poem of Alfonso XI of Castile |
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296 | (15) |
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18 ... Doo as this noble prynce Godeffroy of boloyne dyde: chivalry, masculinity, and crusading in late medieval England |
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311 | (18) |
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19 "Lest his men mutter against him": Chivalry and artifice in a Burgundian crusade chronicle |
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329 | (16) |
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| Afterword |
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345 | (11) |
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| Index |
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356 | |
Natasha R. Hodgson is Senior Lecturer in Medieval History and Director of the CSRC at Nottingham Trent. She wrote Women, Crusading and the Holy Land and is completing Gender and the Crusades for Palgrave Macmillan. She edits Routledge series Advances in Crusades Research and Themes in Medieval and Early Modern History and co-edits the journal, Nottingham Medieval Studies.
Katherine J. Lewis is Senior Lecturer in History at the University of Huddersfield. She researches later medieval religious and cultural history. She has published on hagiography and saints cults (especially St Katherine of Alexandria), on medieval women, and on masculinity, including Kingship and Masculinity in Late Medieval England.
Matthew M. Mesley is an Associate Lecturer at Bath Spa University and Visiting Research Fellow at the University of Huddersfield. He was formerly a SNSF postdoc at the University of Zürich. His chapter "Chivalry, Masculinity and Sexuality", is published in the forthcoming Cambridge Companion to the Literature of the Crusades.
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