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E-raamat: Cultural Authority of Science: Comparing across Europe, Asia, Africa and the Americas

Edited by (Institute for Human Development, India), Edited by (University of Bielefeld, Germany), Edited by (London School of Economics, UK)
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The cultural authority of science is the authority that is granted to science in any particular context. This authority is as much a matter of image and perceived legitimacy as of statutory guarantee. However, while authority can be charismatic, based on tradition or based on competence, we would assume that science aims to be an authority of competence. To what extent does science have the last word, or stand above opinion on public issues?

This Indo-European led collaboration aims to map the cultural authority of science, and to construct a system of indicators to observe this ‘science culture’ based on artefacts (science news analysis) and espoused beliefs and evaluations (public attitude data). Indeed, through a series of studies the authors examine the cultural authority of science in light of the challenges posed by European, Asian, African and American developments and debates. In particular, two main ideas are examined: the ‘Lighthouse’ model, whereby science is shining into a stormy sea of ignorance and mistrust; and the ‘Bungee Jump’ model, which demonstrates how science occasionally experiences a rough ride against a backdrop of goodwill.

Presenting expertise in discourse analysis, computer-assisted text analysis and largescale survey analysis, The Cultural Authority of Science will be of interest to a global audience concerned with the standing of science in society. In particular, it may appeal to scholars and students of fields such as sociology of science, science communication, science studies, scientometrics, innovation studies and social psychology.

Arvustused

"It is difficult to overstate the prescience of this book. In short, this is essential reading for anyone studying science communication, public perceptions of science and cultural authority more broadly. [ ...] The Cultural Authority of Science begins with a brilliant conceptual overview, well-grounded in social scientific theory spanning sociology, political science, science communications, epistemology and ethics. Here, the authors provide the connecting fabric for the set of empirical studies that follow. The empirical research making up the core of the book includes data from every corner of the globe. This contribution is considerable because there is so little research on perceptions of science outside Western Europe and the United States. [ ...] the books definition of cultural authority provides a unifying concept for future research spanning disciplinary and methodological boundaries."

Reviewed by: Gordon Gauchat (University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, USA) in Public Understanding of Science

List of figures, tables, boxes and appendices
ix
List of contributors
xvii
Preface xxi
Acknowledgements or credits list xxv
PART 1 Concepts and theory
1(56)
1 Image, perception and cultural authority of science - by way of introduction
3(19)
Martin W. Bauer
Petra Pansegrau
Rajesh Shukla
2 The authority of science revisited - mainly Anglo-European
22(10)
Peter Weingart
3 Scientific temper and cultural authority of science in India
32(12)
Gauhar Raza
4 The authority of science in Korea: a new explication and measurement
44(13)
Hak-Soo Kim
PART 2 Mediated authority -- comparing the science news flow
57(114)
5 Science and the news flow 1990--2014, in Germany, UK and India
59(27)
Bankole Falade
Martin W. Bauer
Rajesh Shukla
Petra Pansegrau
6 The intensity of media attention as an index of authority of science
86(19)
Petra Pansegrau
Martin W. Bauer
7 Framing science: discourses and representations in UK and Germany
105(17)
Petra Pansegrau
Gergana Popova
8 Bridging a gap -- mapping the science coverage of South African newspapers
122(15)
Lars Guenther
Peter Weingart
Marina Joubert
9 Science news in Turkey: data mining techniques for science culture mapping
137(18)
Ahmet Suerdem
10 The great narrative: analysing the cultural authority of science through media attention in Italy
155(16)
F. Neresini
A. Lorenzet
PART 3 Perceived authority -- cross-sectional and longitudinal
171(128)
11 The cultural distance from science and the role of science education in India: a logit model
173(17)
Amit Sharma
Rajesh Shukla
12 The science, the paranormal, cohorts and cognitive polyphasia: the authority of science in Taiwan
190(20)
Yuh-Yuh Li
Chun-Yen Tsai
13 Authors: all contributors
210(1)
14 Vaccines, Polio and Ebola: religion and traditions compete with scientific authority in West Africa
211(17)
Dankole Falade
15 Decades of change -- Brazilian perceptions of science 1987--2015
228(22)
Yurij Castelfranchi
16 Correlational stability in the US-NSF science & engineering surveys 1979--2014
250(14)
John Besley
17 Attitudes towards science in the World Values Surveys -- longitudinal evidence 1981-2014
264(14)
Fabienne Crettaz Von Roten
18 Public perception of science and technology in Argentina 2003--2015: longitudinal and structural analysis
278(21)
Carmelo Polino
Ana Munoz Van Den Eynde
PART 4 Inferred assumptions: comparing the culture as frame of reference
299(76)
19 Four cultures of science across Europe
301(18)
Martin W. Bauer
Ahmet Suerdem
20 Exploring the cultural authority of science in South Africa through public attitudes to science
319(20)
Saahier Parker
Johann Mouton
21 Comparing the Public attitude towards science across provinces in China
339(17)
Xuan Liu
Fujun Ren
Ahmet Suerdem
Xiang Li
Martin W. Bauer
22 All India attitude to science: data mining and analysis of the structure of attitudes
356(19)
Rajesh Shukla
Ahmet Suerdem
Amit Sharma
Bijay Chouhan
Pooja Sharma
PART 5 Conclusion
375(8)
23 The cultural authority of science -- summary and future research agenda
377(6)
Martin W. Bauer
Bankole A. Falade
Petra Pansegrau
Index 383
Martin W Bauer is a Professor of Social Psychology at the Department of Psychology and Behavioural Science, LSE, UK



Petra Pansegrau is a Senior Researcher at Bielefeld University, Germany



Rajesh Shukla is an applied statistician, currently heading the not-for-profit Indian think tank "People Research on Indias Consumer Economy" (PRICE)