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E-raamat: Cybersemiotics: Why Information Is Not Enough

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A growing field of inquiry, biosemiotics is a theory of cognition and communication that unites the living and the cultural world. What is missing from this theory, however, is the unification of the information and computational realms of the non-living natural and technical world. Cybersemiotics provides such a framework.

By integrating cybernetic information theory into the unique semiotic framework of C.S. Peirce, Søren Brier attempts to find a unified conceptual framework that encompasses the complex area of information, cognition, and communication science. This integration is performed through Niklas Luhmann's autopoietic systems theory of social communication. The link between cybernetics and semiotics is, further, an ethological and evolutionary theory of embodiment combined with Lakoff and Johnson's 'philosophy in the flesh.' This demands the development of a transdisciplinary philosophy of knowledge as much common sense as it is cultured in the humanities and the sciences. Such an epistemological and ontological framework is also developed in this volume.

Cybersemiotics not only builds a bridge between science and culture, it provides a framework that encompasses them both. The cybersemiotic framework offers a platform for a new level of global dialogue between knowledge systems, including a view of science that does not compete with religion but offers the possibility for mutual and fruitful exchange.
List of Figures
xiii
Foreword: From Cybernetics to Cybersemiotics xvii
Marcel Danesi
Introduction: The Quest of Cybersemiotics 3(32)
1.1 Subject Matter and Aims
3(11)
1.2 Approach to Writing and Developing the Argument
14(1)
1.3 Technical Points
15(3)
1.4 Acknowledgments
18(2)
1.5 The Book's View of the Subject Area and Cybersemiotics: A Summary
20(15)
1 The Problems of the Information-Processing Paradigm as a Candidate for a Unified Science of Information
35(68)
1.1 The Conflict between Informational and Semiotic Paradigms
35(2)
1.2 Wienerian: Pan-Information
37(4)
1.3 Peircean-Based Pan-Semiotics
41(3)
1.4 The Document-Mediating System
44(3)
1.5 The Technological Impetus for the Development of Information Science
47(4)
1.6 The Development of the Information Processing Paradigm in Cognitive Science
51(8)
1.7 Critique of the Objective Concept of Information in the Information Processing Paradigm
59(10)
1.8 The Problem of Language as the Carrier of Information in Document-Mediating Systems
69(6)
1.9 LIS: The Science of Document-Mediating Systems
75(3)
1.10 The Cognitive Perspectives Opening towards a Cybersemiotic Concept of Information in LIS
78(2)
1.11 Aspects That Must Be Further Developed in the Framework of the Cognitive Viewpoint
80(1)
1.12 Analysing the Possibility of an Information Science
81(3)
1.13 The Cybernetic Turn
84(10)
1.14 Peirce's New List of Categories as the Foundation for a Theory of Cognition and Signification
94(6)
1.15 Conclusion
100(3)
2 The Self-Organization of Knowledge: Paradigms of Knowledge and Their Role in Deciding What Counts as Legitimate Knowledge
103(44)
2.1 Introduction
103(1)
2.2 Science and the Development of World Formula Thinking
104(2)
2.3 Objectivist Metaphysics
106(10)
2.4 The Turn Away from an Externalist towards an Internalist Realism
116(3)
2.5 Developing a Framework to Understand the Relationships among the Sciences and Other Types of Knowledge
119(11)
2.6 The Role of the Biology of Embodied Knowledge
130(7)
2.7 A Suggestion for a Transdisciplinary Framework for the Conception of Knowledge
137(10)
3 An Ethological Approach to Cognition
147(27)
3.1 Overview
147(3)
3.2 The Ethological Research Program
150(3)
3.3 A Selective Historical Summary of the Ethological Science Project
153(5)
3.4 The Necessity of a Galilean Psychology
158(2)
3.5 Reventlow's Theoretical and Methodological Background
160(5)
3.6 The `Rependium': An Attempt to Construct a Fundamental Galilean Concept in Psychology
165(4)
3.7 Limitations to a Galilean Psychology
169(5)
4 Bateson's Concept of Information in Light of the Theory of Autopoiesis
174(33)
4.1 The Pattern That Connects
174(3)
4.2 Mind, Information, and Entropy
177(2)
4.3 Autopoiesis, Mind, and Information
179(2)
4.4 The Limits of `Bring-Forth-ism'
181(4)
4.5 Information and Negative Entropy
185(2)
4.6 The Problems of Order and Chance in Physics
187(7)
4.7 A Philosophical Reflection on the Concept of Reality in Second-Order Cybernetics
194(5)
4.8 On Matter and the Universe as the Ultimate Reality
199(5)
4.9 Conclusions
204(3)
5 A Cybersemiotic Re-entry Into von Foerster's Construction of Second-Order Cybernetics
207(57)
5.1 Introduction
207(1)
5.2 From First- to Second-Order Cybernetics
207(3)
5.3 The Ontology of Constructivism and Its Concept of Knowledge
210(24)
5.4 Luhmann's Theory of Socio-Communicative Systems
234(18)
5.5 Semiosis and Second-Order Cybernetics
252(9)
5.6 Cybersemiotics
261(3)
6 Foundations of Cybersemiotics
264(31)
6.1 The Complexity View
264(4)
6.2 Peirce's Philosophical Framework for Semiotics
268(3)
6.3 One, Two, Three ... Eternity
271(5)
6.4 Sign Trigonometries and Classes
276(4)
6.5 The Ten Fundamental Sign Classes
280(4)
6.6 The Usefulness of Peirce's Approach in LIS
284(7)
6.7 Indexing in Light of Semiotics
291(4)
7 Cognitive Semantics: Embodied Metaphors, Basic Level, and Motivation
295(17)
7.1 Cognitive Semantics
295(3)
7.2 Basic-Level Categorization
298(4)
7.3 Kinaesthetic Image-Schemas
302(1)
7.4 Metaphors, Metonymy, and Radial Structures
303(2)
7.5 Idealized Cognitive Models
305(2)
7.6 The Concept of Motivation in the Theory of Embodied Cognitive Semantics
307(5)
8 The Cybersemiotic Integration of Umweltlehre, Ethology, Autopoiesis Theory, Second-Order Cybernetics, and Peircean Biosemiotics
312(40)
8.1 The Mechanistic Quest for Basic Order
312(1)
8.2 The Biological-Evolutionary View of the Roots of Cognition
313(12)
8.3 The Cybernetics Theory of Information and Cognition
325(3)
8.4 Luhmann's Generalization of the Theory of Autopoiesis
328(3)
8.5 The Relevance of Peirce's Semiotics as a Framework for Biosemiotics
331(5)
8.6 Living Systems as the True Individuals of the World
336(2)
8.7 The Integration of Second-Order Cybernetics, Cognitive Biology (Autopoiesis), and Biosemiotics
338(4)
8.8 Signification Spheres as Umwelten of Anticipation
342(2)
8.9 The Ethological Model of Motivated Cognition Based on a Theory of Feeling
344(5)
8.10 The Ecosemiotics Perspective
349(3)
9 An Evolutionary View on the Threshold between Semiosis and Informational Exchange
352(40)
9.1 Introduction
352(6)
9.2 The Explanatory Quest of the Sciences since Religion Lost Power
358(8)
9.3 Critique of Current Approaches
366(5)
9.4 The Peircean Theory of Mind
371(10)
9.5 Uniting System Science and Semiotics in a Theory of Evolution and Emergence
381(11)
10 The Cybersemiotic Model of Information, Signification, Cognition, and Communication
392(23)
10.1 The Cybersemiotic View of Cognition and Communication
392(3)
10.2 Pheno-, Thought-, Endo-, and Intra-semiotics
395(4)
10.3 The Cybersemiotic Model of Biosemiotics
399(3)
10.4 Peirce and Luhmann from a Cybersemiotic Perspective
402(13)
11 LIS and Cybersemiotics
415(10)
11.1 Indexing and Idealized Cognitive Models
415(2)
11.2 The Need for an Alternative Metatheory to the Information Processing Paradigm in the LIS Context
417(3)
11.3 Indexing and Significance Effect
420(5)
12 Summing Up Cybersemiotics: The Five-Level Cybersemiotic Framework for the Foundation of Information, Cognition, and Communication
425(16)
12.1 Introduction
425(4)
12.2 The Problem of Meaning
429(4)
12.3 Mind and Reality
433(2)
12.4 The Role of Information
435(1)
12.5 Abduction as a Meaningful Rationality
436(1)
12.6 Summary
437(4)
Notes 441(12)
References 453(18)
Index 471
Søren Brier is a professor in the Department of International Culture and Communication Studies at the Centre for Language, Cognition, and Mentality, Copenhagen Business School.