Foreword |
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xv | |
Preface |
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xvii | |
Acknowledgments |
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xix | |
Contributors |
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xxiii | |
Chapter 1 Deep Space Communications: An Introduction |
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1 | (14) |
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1.1 Introduction and Overview |
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1 | (3) |
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1.2 Telecommunications Link Analysis |
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4 | (4) |
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4 | (1) |
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1.2.2 Noise Spectral Density |
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5 | (1) |
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1.2.3 Carrier Performance Margin |
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6 | (1) |
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1.2.4 Telemetry and Command Performance Margins |
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6 | (1) |
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1.2.5 Ranging Performance Margin |
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7 | (1) |
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1.3 Communications Design Control |
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8 | (4) |
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1.3.1 Design Control Tables |
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8 | (1) |
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1.3.2 Design Procedure and Performance Criterion Selection |
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9 | (3) |
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12 | (3) |
Chapter 2 The Deep Space Network: A Functional Description |
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15 | (22) |
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2.1 Uplink and Downlink Carrier Operation |
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17 | (4) |
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2.1.1 The 34-m BWG Stations |
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17 | (2) |
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2.1.2 The 70-m (DSS-14 and DSS-43) Stations |
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19 | (2) |
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2.2 Radiometric Data (Doppler and Ranging) |
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21 | (3) |
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2.3 Delta Differential One-Way Ranging |
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24 | (1) |
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2.4 Command Processing and Radiation |
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25 | (3) |
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2.5 Telemetry Demodulation and Decoding |
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28 | (3) |
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31 | (4) |
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32 | (1) |
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33 | (1) |
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2.6.3 System Noise Temperature |
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33 | (1) |
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2.6.4 Thresholds and Limits |
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33 | (2) |
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35 | (2) |
Chapter 3 Voyager Telecommunications |
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37 | (42) |
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3.1 Voyager Interstellar Mission Description |
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37 | (7) |
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3.2 Overview of Telecom Functional Capabilities |
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44 | (4) |
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46 | (1) |
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47 | (1) |
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3.3 Spacecraft Telecom System Design |
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48 | (8) |
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3.3.1 Spacecraft Telecom System Overview |
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48 | (3) |
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3.3.2 Modulation Demodulation Subsystem |
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51 | (1) |
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3.3.3 Radio Frequency Subsystem |
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52 | (2) |
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3.3.4 SIX-Band Antenna Subsystem |
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54 | (1) |
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3.3.5 Telecom System Input Power and Mass |
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55 | (1) |
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3.4 Telecom Ground System Description |
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56 | (4) |
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3.4.1 Uplink and Downlink Carrier Operation |
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57 | (2) |
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59 | (1) |
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3.4.3 Telemetry Processing |
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59 | (1) |
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3.5 Sample Telecom System Performance |
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60 | (4) |
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3.5.1 Design Control Tables |
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61 | (1) |
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3.5.2 Long-Term Planning Predicts |
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61 | (3) |
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3.6 New Spacecraft and Ground Telecom Technology |
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64 | (5) |
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3.6.1 Spacecraft and Telecom Link Design Compared with Previous Missions |
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64 | (1) |
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3.6.2 Spacecraft Improvements for Uranus and Neptune Encounters |
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64 | (1) |
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3.6.3 Ground System Performance Improvements |
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65 | (3) |
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3.6.4 Ground Display and Operability Improvements |
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68 | (1) |
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3.7 Operational Scenarios of the Voyager Interstellar Mission |
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69 | (5) |
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69 | (1) |
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70 | (2) |
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3.7.3 Spacecraft Fault Protection |
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72 | (2) |
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74 | (2) |
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76 | (3) |
Chapter 4 Galileo Telecommunications |
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79 | (56) |
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4.1 Mission and Spacecraft Description |
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79 | (7) |
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79 | (3) |
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82 | (4) |
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4.2 Galileo Spacecraft Telecommunications System |
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86 | (12) |
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4.2.1 Galileo Telecommunications Functions and Modes |
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87 | (2) |
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4.2.2 Radio Frequency Subsystem |
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89 | (1) |
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4.2.3 Modulation Demodulation Subsystem |
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90 | (2) |
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4.2.4 S-/X-Band Antenna Subsystem |
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92 | (1) |
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4.2.5 X- to S-Band Downconverter |
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93 | (1) |
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4.2.6 Telecom Hardware Performance during Flight |
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93 | (3) |
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4.2.7 Orbiter Input Power and Mass Summary |
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96 | (2) |
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4.3 Galileo S-Band Mission |
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98 | (8) |
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98 | (3) |
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4.3.2 Ground System Improvements for Galileo S-Band Mission |
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101 | (2) |
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103 | (3) |
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4.3.4 Galileo Encoding and Feedback Concatenated Decoding |
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106 | (9) |
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4.4 Telecom Link Performance |
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110 | (1) |
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4.4.1 Design Control Tables |
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111 | (1) |
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4.4.2 Long-Term Planning Predicts |
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112 | (3) |
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4.5 Telecom Operational Scenarios |
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115 | (10) |
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4.5.1 Planned and Actual DSN Coverage |
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115 | (1) |
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115 | (1) |
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116 | (2) |
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4.5.4 HGA Deployment Attempts |
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118 | (2) |
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4.5.5 Probe Separation, Jupiter Cruise, and Jupiter Orbit Insertion |
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120 | (1) |
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4.5.6 Orbital Operational Phase |
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121 | (2) |
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123 | (2) |
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4.5.8 Galileo Europa Mission and Galileo Millennium Mission |
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125 | (1) |
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4.6 Probe-to-Orbiter Relay-Link Design |
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125 | (4) |
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125 | (1) |
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4.6.2 Link Requirements and Design |
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126 | (2) |
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4.6.3 Summary of Achieved Relay-Link Performance |
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128 | (1) |
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129 | (2) |
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131 | (4) |
Chapter 5 Deep Space 1 |
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135 | (58) |
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5.1 Mission and Spacecraft Description |
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136 | (3) |
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5.1.1 Technology Validation |
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136 | (1) |
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137 | (1) |
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5.1.3 Telecom Subsystem Overview |
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138 | (1) |
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5.2 Telecom Subsystem Requirements |
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139 | (1) |
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5.3 Telecom System Description |
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140 | (4) |
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5.4 DS1 Telecom Technology |
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144 | (9) |
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5.4.1 Small Deep Space Transponder (SDST) |
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144 | (3) |
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5.4.2 Ka-Band Solid-State Power Amplifier (KaPA) |
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147 | (2) |
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5.4.3 Beacon Monitor Operations Experiment (BMOX) |
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149 | (4) |
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5.4.4 Telecom System Mass and Input Power |
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153 | (1) |
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5.5 Telecom Ground System Description |
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153 | (8) |
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5.5.1 Uplink and Downlink Carrier Operation |
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154 | (1) |
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5.5.2 Radiometric Data (Doppler and Ranging) |
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154 | (3) |
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5.5.3 Command Processing and Radiation |
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157 | (1) |
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5.5.4 Telemetry Demodulation, Decoding, Synchronization, and Display |
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158 | (3) |
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5.6 Telecom Link Performance |
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161 | (12) |
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5.7 Operational Scenarios |
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173 | (10) |
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173 | (1) |
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174 | (1) |
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5.7.3 Anchor Pass (at HGA Earth Point, High Rate) |
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174 | (1) |
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5.7.4 Midweek Pass (at Thrust Attitude for IPS Operation) |
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175 | (1) |
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5.7.5 High-Gain-Antenna Activity (January-June 2000, March 2001) |
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176 | (5) |
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181 | (2) |
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183 | (1) |
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183 | (7) |
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5.8.1 Telecom-Related Lessons Learned |
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183 | (5) |
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5.8.2 Project-Level Lessons Learned |
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188 | (2) |
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190 | (2) |
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192 | (1) |
Chapter 6 Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter |
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193 | (58) |
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193 | (1) |
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6.2 Mission Phases and Orbit Summary |
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194 | (13) |
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194 | (1) |
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195 | (1) |
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196 | (8) |
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6.2.4 The MRO Orbit and Its Relay Coverage for Surface Vehicles |
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204 | (2) |
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6.2.5 MRO Orbit Phasing to Support Landing Vehicle EDL |
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206 | (1) |
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6.3 Telecommunications Subsystem Overview |
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207 | (20) |
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6.3.1 X-Band: Cruise and Orbital Operations |
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207 | (12) |
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6.3.2 UHF: Proximity Relay Communications |
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219 | (8) |
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6.3.3 Ka-Band: Operational Demonstration |
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227 | (1) |
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227 | (4) |
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227 | (1) |
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6.4.2 Ka-Band Demonstration Requirements |
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228 | (1) |
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6.4.3 Ground Data Network Flow for Relay Data through Electra |
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229 | (2) |
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6.5 X-Band Telecom Operations |
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231 | (9) |
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6.5.1 Cruise Calibrations |
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231 | (1) |
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6.5.2 MOI Telecom Configurations |
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231 | (1) |
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6.5.3 Aerobraking Telecom Configurations |
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232 | (1) |
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6.5.4 Downlink Telemetry Modulation and Coding |
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233 | (3) |
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6.5.5 Coordinating MRO and MER X-Band Operations |
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236 | (4) |
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6.6 Ka-Band Cruise Verification |
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240 | (6) |
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6.6.1 Ka-Band Operations Overview |
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240 | (1) |
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6.6.2 Ka-Band Link Prediction and Performance during Cruise |
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240 | (2) |
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6.6.3 Ka-Band Communications Demonstration Plans |
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242 | (1) |
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6.6.4 Spacecraft X-Band and Ka-Band Constraints and Operational Factors |
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243 | (1) |
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6.6.5 Delta-DOR X-Band and Ka-Band Operations and Performance |
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244 | (1) |
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6.6.6 Planned Solar Conjunction Experiments |
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245 | (1) |
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246 | (2) |
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246 | (1) |
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247 | (1) |
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248 | (1) |
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248 | (3) |
Chapter 7 Mars Exploration Rover Telecommunications |
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251 | (108) |
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7.1 Mission and Spacecraft Summary |
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252 | (9) |
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252 | (1) |
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7.1.2 Mission Description |
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253 | (2) |
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255 | (6) |
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7.2 Telecommunications Subsystem Overview |
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261 | (6) |
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7.2.1 X-Band: Cruise, EDL, Surface |
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261 | (1) |
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262 | (1) |
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7.2.3 Direct-to-Earth Downlink Capability |
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263 | (1) |
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7.2.4 UHF Relay Capability |
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263 | (4) |
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7.3 Telecom Subsystem Hardware and Software |
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267 | (18) |
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7.3.1 X-Band Flight Subsystem Description |
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267 | (13) |
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280 | (5) |
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7.3.3 MER Telecom Hardware Mass and Power Summary |
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285 | (1) |
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285 | (14) |
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285 | (6) |
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7.4.2 Entry, Descent, and Landing Communications |
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291 | (5) |
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296 | (3) |
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7.5 Telecom Subsystem and Link Performance |
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299 | (37) |
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7.5.1 X-Band: Cruise, EDL, and Surface |
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299 | (23) |
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7.5.2 UHF: EDL and Primary Mission Surface Operations |
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322 | (14) |
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336 | (19) |
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7.6.1 What Could Serve as a Model for the Future |
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337 | (7) |
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7.6.2 What Could Be Improved |
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344 | (11) |
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7.7 Beyond the Extended Mission |
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355 | (1) |
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355 | (1) |
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356 | (1) |
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356 | (3) |
Chapter 8 Mars Science Laboratory |
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359 | (140) |
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8.1 Mars Science Laboratory Mission and Spacecraft Summary |
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359 | (48) |
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8.1.1 Mission Description |
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362 | (2) |
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8.1.2 Launch/Arrival Period Selection |
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364 | (6) |
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8.1.3 Launch Phase and Initial Acquisition |
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370 | (11) |
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381 | (3) |
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384 | (1) |
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385 | (15) |
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8.1.7 Flight System Description |
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400 | (7) |
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8.2 Telecom Subsystem Overview |
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407 | (52) |
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8.2.1 Telecom for Launch, Cruise, and into EDL |
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412 | (1) |
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413 | (2) |
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8.2.3 X-Band Flight Subsystem Description |
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415 | (26) |
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8.2.4 UHF Flight Subsystem Description |
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441 | (13) |
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8.2.5 Terminal Descent Sensor (Landing Radar) Description |
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454 | (3) |
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8.2.6 MSL Telecom Hardware Mass and Power Summary |
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457 | (2) |
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8.3 Ground Systems EDL Operations: EDL Data Analysis (EDA) |
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459 | (1) |
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8.4 Telecom Subsystem Link Performance |
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460 | (21) |
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460 | (14) |
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474 | (7) |
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8.5 Surface Operations (Plans) |
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481 | (7) |
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8.5.1 Mission Operations System Approach |
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481 | (1) |
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8.5.2 Initial Surface Ground Operations |
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482 | (2) |
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8.5.3 Tactical Operations after First 90 Sols |
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484 | (1) |
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8.5.4 UHF Telecom Constraints |
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484 | (4) |
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8.6 Surface Operations (Characterized in Flight) |
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488 | (6) |
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8.6.1 Mitigating the Effects of Electromagnetic Interference |
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489 | (1) |
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8.6.2 Data Volume Achieved with MRO and Odyssey Links |
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489 | (2) |
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491 | (3) |
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494 | (5) |
Acronyms and Abbreviations |
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499 | (24) |
About the Companion Website |
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523 | (2) |
Index |
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525 | |