This book presents the study, design, modulation, optimization and implementation of low power, passive DT-S Ms for use in audio applications. The high gain and bandwidth amplifier normally used for integration in S? modulation, is replaced by passive, switched-capacitor branches working under the Ultra Incomplete Settling (UIS) condition, leading to a reduction of the consumed power. The authors describe a design process that uses high level models and an optimization process based in genetic algorithms to achieve the desired performance.
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1.1 Motivation and Background |
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2.2 First Order Sigma-Delta Modulator |
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2.3 Second Order Sigma-Delta Modulator |
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2.4 Higher Order Sigma-Delta Modulator |
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3 Architecture and High Level Model |
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3.1.1 Ultra Incomplete Settling |
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3.1.2 Discrete Time Transfer Function of the SC Integrator |
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3.1.3 Thermal Noise Analysis |
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3.2 Modulator Block Diagram |
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3.2.1 Signal and Noise Transfer Functions |
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3.3 Proposed Architecture |
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3.6 Reducing the Size of the Capacitors |
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4 Electrical Circuits and Simulation Results |
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4.5.1 Clock Bootstrapped Switch |
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4.6 Feedback and Reference Voltages |
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4.8.1 Second Order ΣΔ Modulator |
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4.8.2 Third Order MASH ΣΔ Modulator |
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4.8.3 Third Order MASH ΣΔM with Monostable Circuit |
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David Fouto is a researcher in the Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia of the Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal. Nuno Paulino is a Professor in the Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia of the Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal.