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E-raamat: Devil Wins: A History of Lying from the Garden of Eden to the Enlightenment

  • Formaat: 352 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 18-Jan-2015
  • Kirjastus: Princeton University Press
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781400852079
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  • Formaat: 352 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 18-Jan-2015
  • Kirjastus: Princeton University Press
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781400852079

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Is it ever acceptable to lie? This question plays a surprisingly important role in the story of Europe's transition from medieval to modern society. According to many historians, Europe became modern when Europeans began to lie--that is, when they began to argue that it is sometimes acceptable to lie. This popular account offers a clear trajectory of historical progression from a medieval world of faith, in which every lie is sinful, to a more worldly early modern society in which lying becomes a permissible strategy for self-defense and self-advancement. Unfortunately, this story is wrong. For medieval and early modern Christians, the problem of the lie was the problem of human existence itself. To ask "Is it ever acceptable to lie?" was to ask how we, as sinners, should live in a fallen world. As it turns out, the answer to that question depended on who did the asking. The Devil Wins uncovers the complicated history of lying from the early days of the Catholic Church to the Enlightenment, revealing the diversity of attitudes about lying by considering the question from the perspectives of five representative voices--the Devil, God, theologians, courtiers, and women. Examining works by Augustine, Bonaventure, Martin Luther, Madeleine de Scudery, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and a host of others, Dallas G. Denery II shows how the lie, long thought to be the source of worldly corruption, eventually became the very basis of social cohesion and peace.

Arvustused

"[ The Devil Wins is] an informative, sophisticated, and thought-provoking account of the efforts of theologians and philosophers from the early Christian era to the Enlightenment to define lies and understand their ethical, social, and political implications."--Glenn Altschuler, Psychology Today "Denery explores analyses of an enormous variety of deceptions, and does so with an erudition that is never pedantic or monotonous. He is an entertaining writer, with a healthy skepticism about the dogmatic condemnation of lying as always, or even mostly, morally blameworthy... I think Nietzsche would have loved this book."--Clancy Martin, Chronicle of Higher Education "The Devil Wins is a learned and accessible introduction to a fascinating subject."--Biancamaria Fontana, Times Higher Education "What emerges through all five chapters is a fascinating trajectory that takes us from a time when lies were considered by some theologians to be absolutely and categorically sinful, to an age when it was widely accepted that modern society depended on them ... well researched, fluidly written, and persuasively argued."--Hans Rollman, PopMatters "The Devil Wins sets forth lucidly the arguments of texts that grapple with how human beings should live in a world full of deception... This important book's reach and ambition is amply vindicated in this conclusion in which the old alternatives--spanning Christian antiquity, the Middle Ages, the Renaissance, and the early eighteenth century--of rejecting or accepting a mendacious world yield to a third way: being true to one's sentiments, even when one lies, as a natural solution to a natural problem."--Edwin D. Craun, The Medieval Review "The Devil Wins is an enjoyable and well-written book, a serious contribution to what might constitute a history of the complicated elements of culture and society that enable people to tell lies."--Andrew Hadfield, Textual Practice "Denery ... has written an impressively clear account of a difficult group of subjects, cleaving mostly to familiar figures but taking the time to get to know them properly."--Anthony Ossa-Richardson, Intellectual History Review "Asking whether it is ever acceptable to lie, The Devil Wins offers the reader a fascinating historical account of apodictic as well as iconoclastic answers."--Lewis Fried, Key Reporter "A splendid book... The best among the many virtues of the book is its successful combination of history and philosophy."--Jeffrey Burton Russell, Catholic Historical Review "[ A] fascinating and convincing argument."--Michaela Valente, Journal of Early Modern Studies

Acknowledgments ix
Introduction: Is It Ever Acceptable to Lie? 1(20)
PART ONE Theologians Ask the Question
Chapter One The Devil
21(41)
Six Days and Two Sentences Later
21(1)
The Devil and the Lie
22(6)
Making Sense of Genesis 1, 2, and 3
28(7)
The Devil's Lie from Late Antiquity to the Middle Ages
35(12)
The Devil's Lie from the Middle Ages to the Reformation
47(5)
The Prince of This World
52(3)
From Satan's Stratagems to Human Nature
55(7)
Chapter Two God
62(43)
Can God Lie?
62(5)
On Lions, Fishhooks, and Mousetraps
67(10)
Divine Deception and the Sacrament of Truth
77(11)
Luther, Calvin, and the Hidden God
88(6)
Rene Descartes, Pierre Bayle, and the End of Divine Deception
94(11)
Chapter Three Human Beings
105(48)
Every Lie Is a Sin
105(5)
Every Sin Is a Lie
110(6)
Biblical Liars
116(3)
Augustine among the Scholastics
119(12)
Institutional Transformations
131(4)
Equivocation, Mental Reservation, and Amphibology
135(10)
From Pascal to Augustine and Beyond
145(8)
PART TWO Courtiers and Women Ask the Question
Chapter Four Courtiers
153(46)
Flatterers, Wheedlers, and Gossipmongers
153(5)
Early Modern Uncertainty and Deception
158(5)
Uncertainty and Skepticism in the Medieval Court
163(6)
Entangled in Leviathan's Loins
169(6)
Christine de Pizan and Just Hypocrisy
175(6)
From Lies to Civility
181(9)
Bernard Mandeville and the World Lies Built
190(9)
Chapter Five Women
199(48)
Lessons about Lies
199(6)
All about Eve, All about Women
205(6)
The Biology of Feminine Deceit
211(5)
Christine de Pizan, Misogyny, and Self-Knowledge
216(10)
All Men Are Liars
226(11)
Madeleine de Scudery, the Salon, and the Pleasant Lie
237(10)
Conclusion: The Lie Becomes Modern 247(10)
Notes 257(46)
Bibliography 303(24)
Index 327
Dallas G. Denery II is associate professor of history at Bowdoin College. He is the author of Seeing and Being Seen in the Later Medieval World: Optics, Theology, and Religious Life and the coeditor of Uncertain Knowledge: Scepticism, Relativism, and Doubt in the Middle Ages.