| Contributors |
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xxi | |
| Preface |
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xxvii | |
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Section A Setting the scene: Introductory chapters |
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1 Traumatic spinal cord injury and outcomes in low-resource settings |
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3 | (1) |
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3 | (1) |
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4 | (1) |
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4 | (2) |
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4 | (1) |
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5 | (1) |
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Violence and other causes |
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6 | (1) |
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Spinal cord level and severity |
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6 | (1) |
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6 | (2) |
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Prehospital and acute management |
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8 | (1) |
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8 | (1) |
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Post-acute medical care and rehabilitation |
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9 | (2) |
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Applications to other areas of neuroscience |
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11 | (1) |
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Key facts of global traumatic spinal cord injury epidemiology and etiology |
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11 | (1) |
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11 | (1) |
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12 | (3) |
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2 Biomechanics and patterns of spine injuries associated with spinal cord injury |
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15 | (1) |
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Pathogenesis of TSCI: The critical role of spine biomechanics |
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15 | (1) |
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Patterns of spine injuries associated with spinal cord injuries |
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16 | (6) |
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Traumatic spinal cord injury in a stable spine |
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16 | (2) |
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Traumatic spinal cord injury in an unstable spine |
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18 | (4) |
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Applications to other areas of neuroscience |
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22 | (1) |
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22 | (1) |
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23 | (1) |
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23 | (1) |
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23 | (4) |
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3 Body, action, and space representations in people affected by spinal cord injuries |
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27 | (1) |
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The neuroplasticity following SCI and the networks involved in the body, space, and action representations |
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27 | (1) |
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28 | (2) |
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The action representation |
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30 | (2) |
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32 | (1) |
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The effects of rehabilitation on the body, action, and space representations |
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32 | (2) |
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34 | (1) |
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Applications to other areas of neuroscience |
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34 | (2) |
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36 | (1) |
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Key facts of neuroplasticity following spinal cord injury |
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36 | (1) |
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36 | (1) |
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37 | (4) |
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4 Methods for treating pain and painful syndromes in spinal cord injury: Medications, therapies, interventions, and neuromodulation |
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41 | (1) |
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Application to other areas of neuroscience |
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42 | (1) |
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43 | (4) |
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Physical therapy and exercise |
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43 | (1) |
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43 | (2) |
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"Typical" nociceptive pain interventions |
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45 | (1) |
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46 | (1) |
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Spinal cord stimulation in SCI |
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47 | (1) |
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Other forms of neuromodulation |
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47 | (1) |
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47 | (1) |
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Key facts of pain after SCI |
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48 | (1) |
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48 | (1) |
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48 | (7) |
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Section B Clinical features of spinal injury |
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5 Factors contributing to pressure injuries in traumatic spinal cord injury |
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55 | (1) |
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Pathophysiology of pressure injuries |
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56 | (1) |
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56 | (1) |
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57 | (1) |
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Prevalence, impact, and cost of pressure injuries in patients with SCI |
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57 | (1) |
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Most common locations and severity |
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57 | (1) |
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57 | (1) |
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58 | (1) |
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Structural and physiological changes following SCI |
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58 | (2) |
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58 | (1) |
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59 | (1) |
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Macro- and micro-vasculature |
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59 | (1) |
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Inflammation and immune function |
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59 | (1) |
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59 | (1) |
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59 | (1) |
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60 | (1) |
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Risk factors associated with pressure injuries in patients with traumatic spinal cord injury |
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60 | (3) |
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60 | (2) |
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62 | (1) |
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63 | (1) |
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Applications to other areas of neuroscience |
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63 | (1) |
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63 | (1) |
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Key facts of pressure injuries |
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63 | (1) |
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64 | (1) |
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64 | (5) |
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6 Venous thromboembolism in spinal cord injury--Prophylaxis, diagnosis and treatment |
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69 | (1) |
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69 | (2) |
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71 | (1) |
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71 | (1) |
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71 | (1) |
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Sub-acute and chronic phase |
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71 | (1) |
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Non-pharmacological methods |
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72 | (1) |
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72 | (2) |
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72 | (1) |
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Lower limb ultrasonography |
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73 | (1) |
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73 | (1) |
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73 | (1) |
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74 | (5) |
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74 | (1) |
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Anti-coagulation after initial management |
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75 | (2) |
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77 | (1) |
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77 | (1) |
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Duration of anti-coagulation |
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77 | (2) |
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79 | (1) |
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Applications to other areas of neuroscience |
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79 | (1) |
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79 | (1) |
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Key facts of venous thromboembolism in spinal cord injury |
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79 | (1) |
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79 | (1) |
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80 | (3) |
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7 Osteoporosis-related fractures: What they are and how they occur following spinal cord injury |
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Gustavo Correa Netto de Melo |
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Gabriela Afonso Galante Maia |
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Fabiana Goncalves Oliveira |
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Antonio Lopes da Cunha Junior |
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Maria Marta Sarquis Soares |
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83 | (1) |
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84 | (1) |
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84 | (1) |
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85 | (1) |
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85 | (1) |
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85 | (1) |
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Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry |
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85 | (1) |
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Quantitative computed tomography |
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85 | (1) |
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85 | (5) |
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87 | (1) |
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Rehabilitation/non-pharmacological therapy |
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87 | (3) |
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90 | (1) |
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90 | (1) |
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Applications to other areas of neuroscience |
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91 | (1) |
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91 | (1) |
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Key facts of osteoporosis after spinal cord injury |
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91 | (1) |
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Key facts of fragility fractures after spinal cord injury |
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91 | (1) |
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Key facts of diagnosis of osteoporosis after spinal cord injury |
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91 | (1) |
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Key facts of treatment for osteoporosis-related fractures after spinal cord injury |
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92 | (1) |
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92 | (1) |
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92 | (3) |
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8 Understanding the effects of prolonged cervical spinal cord compression on the brain. Current knowledge and future challenges |
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95 | (4) |
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Cervical spine compression causes brain atrophy |
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99 | (1) |
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Cervical spine compression causes neural plasticity to preserve function |
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99 | (1) |
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Cervical spine compression changes the functional connectivity of the brain |
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100 | (1) |
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Cervical spine compression also damages the brain WM |
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101 | (1) |
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Conclusion and future perspectives |
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102 | (1) |
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Applications to other areas of neuroscience |
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102 | (1) |
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102 | (1) |
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Key facts of spinal cord compression |
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103 | (1) |
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Key facts of advanced MRI techniques |
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103 | (1) |
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Summary points of cervical spine compression |
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103 | (1) |
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104 | (3) |
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9 Spasticity in spinal cord injury |
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107 | (1) |
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Pathophysiology of spasticity |
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107 | (1) |
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Manifestations of spasticity in spinal injuries |
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108 | (1) |
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Assessment of spasticity and its consequences |
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108 | (2) |
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108 | (1) |
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Assessment of dynamic phenomena |
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108 | (1) |
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109 | (1) |
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110 | (1) |
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Other types of assessment |
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110 | (1) |
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110 | (1) |
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110 | (1) |
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Modalities of treatment in spinal injury |
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110 | (2) |
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Outcome measures after treatment |
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112 | (1) |
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Management protocol for spasticity in spinal cord injury |
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112 | (1) |
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Applications to other areas of neuroscience |
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113 | (1) |
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113 | (1) |
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Key facts of "diagnosis of spasticity in spinal cord injury" |
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113 | (1) |
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Key facts of "treatment of spasticity in spinal cord injury" |
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114 | (1) |
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114 | (1) |
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114 | (3) |
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10 Fall circumstances, consequences, assessments, and interventions to manage fall risk among individuals living with spinal cord injury |
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117 | (1) |
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117 | (2) |
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118 | (1) |
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119 | (1) |
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119 | (1) |
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119 | (1) |
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Environmental risk factors |
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120 | (1) |
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120 | (1) |
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120 | (2) |
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Physical consequences of falls |
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120 | (1) |
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Psychosocial consequences of falls |
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121 | (1) |
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Societal consequences of falls |
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122 | (1) |
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122 | (2) |
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Assessment among ambulatory people with SCI |
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122 | (1) |
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Assessment among nonambulatory people with SCI |
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123 | (1) |
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Assessing fear of falling |
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124 | (1) |
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Intervention program to manage fall risk |
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124 | (1) |
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Application to other areas of neuroscience |
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124 | (2) |
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126 | (1) |
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Key facts of fall frequency and fall circumstances |
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126 | (1) |
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Key facts of consequences of falls |
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126 | (1) |
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126 | (1) |
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127 | (4) |
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11 Infections and spinal cord injury: Covid-19 and beyond |
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Raquel Madronero-Mariscal |
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Francisco Gutierrez-Henares |
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131 | (1) |
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Immunosuppression due to spinal cord injury |
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132 | (2) |
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Pathophysiology of spinal cord injury-induced immunodepression |
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132 | (2) |
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Leading infection diseases in spinal cord-injured patients |
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134 | (6) |
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Urinary tract infections (UTI) |
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135 | (4) |
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Pulmonary infections (PI) |
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139 | (1) |
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COVID-19 disease: A new infectious normality in spinal cord-injured patients? |
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140 | (3) |
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Applications to other areas of neuroscience |
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141 | (1) |
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142 | (1) |
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Key facts of "infections and spinal cord injury: Covid-19 and beyond" |
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143 | (1) |
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Key facts of "immunosuppression due to spinal cord injury" |
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143 | (1) |
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Key facts of "Leading infection diseases in spinal cord-injured patients" |
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143 | (1) |
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Key facts of "Covid-19 disease" |
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143 | (1) |
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143 | (1) |
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144 | (3) |
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12 Sleep problems in spinal cord injury |
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147 | (1) |
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Sleep-disordered breathing |
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148 | (1) |
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Prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing after tetraplegia |
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149 | (1) |
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Sleep-disordered breathing is an acute and direct consequence of cervical SCI |
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149 | (1) |
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Sleep-disordered breathing after tetraplegia has clinically important impacts |
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149 | (2) |
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Why do people with tetraplegia have sleep-disordered breathing, predominantly obstructive sleep apnea? |
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151 | (1) |
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Clinical management of sleep-disordered breathing in people with SCI |
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152 | (1) |
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How does SCI alter the circadian rhythm? |
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153 | (1) |
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Periodic leg movements of sleep in SCI |
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154 | (1) |
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Applications to other areas of neuroscience |
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154 | (1) |
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154 | (1) |
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155 | (1) |
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155 | (1) |
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155 | (2) |
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157 | (5) |
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Section C Diagnosis and evaluation |
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13 Biomarkers in spinal cord injury: A highlight on prognostic insights |
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Leonardo Fonseca Rodrigues |
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Tania Cristina Leite de Sampaio e Spohr |
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162 | (1) |
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162 | (1) |
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163 | (2) |
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163 | (1) |
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SCI in the sub-acute stage |
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164 | (1) |
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165 | (1) |
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165 | (2) |
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167 | (1) |
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168 | (1) |
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Applications to other areas of neuroscience |
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168 | (1) |
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168 | (1) |
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Key facts of biomarkers spinal cord injury |
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169 | (1) |
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169 | (1) |
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169 | (1) |
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169 | (4) |
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14 Quality of life tools for spinal cord-injured people |
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Sebastian Salvador-De La Barrera |
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M. Elena Ferreiro-Velasco |
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173 | (1) |
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Definitions: Quality of life and health-related quality of life |
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174 | (1) |
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Implementation in the study of quality of life in people with spinal cord injury |
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175 | (7) |
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175 | (7) |
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Integrative quality of life assessment instruments |
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182 | (2) |
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Health-related quality of life assessment instruments for conditions resulting from spinal cord injury |
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184 | (1) |
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185 | (1) |
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Applications to other areas of neuroscience |
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186 | (1) |
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186 | (1) |
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Key facts of measuring quality of life in sci people |
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186 | (1) |
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187 | (1) |
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187 | (4) |
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15 S100b in spinal cord injury |
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191 | (1) |
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191 | (1) |
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192 | (1) |
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193 | (1) |
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194 | (2) |
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Limitations and perspectives |
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196 | (1) |
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Applications to other areas of neuroscience |
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196 | (1) |
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197 | (1) |
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Key facts of calcium-binding proteins |
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197 | (1) |
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197 | (1) |
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197 | (2) |
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16 Assessment of postural control after spinal cord injury or disease: A narrative review |
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199 | (1) |
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200 | (1) |
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Comprehensive assessment of postural control |
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200 | (4) |
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Current state of postural control assessment in clinical settings |
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204 | (1) |
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Instrumented assessments of postural control |
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204 | (1) |
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Individualized and comprehensive assessment of postural control after SCI/D |
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205 | (2) |
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Wheelchair users: Assessment of postural control |
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207 | (2) |
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207 | (2) |
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209 | (1) |
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209 | (1) |
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Part-time ambulators: Assessment of postural control |
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209 | (1) |
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Full-time ambulators: Assessment of postural control |
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209 | (1) |
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210 | (1) |
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Applications to other areas of neuroscience |
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210 | (1) |
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210 | (1) |
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Key facts of postural control |
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211 | (1) |
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211 | (1) |
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211 | (6) |
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Section D Treatments: Experimental and clinical |
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17 Surgical management of acute spinal cord injury in emergency setting |
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217 | (1) |
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Natural history of patients with acute cervical SCI |
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218 | (1) |
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Natural history of patients with thoracic or thoracolumbar SCI |
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218 | (1) |
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219 | (1) |
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How to define early versus late surgery post SCI? |
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220 | (1) |
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Which is the most efficacious threshold? |
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220 | (2) |
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Ultra-early threshold (8-12 h post SCI) |
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221 | (1) |
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Early threshold (24 h post SCI) |
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221 | (1) |
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Late, threshold (48-72 h post SCI) |
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222 | (1) |
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What threshold is feasible? |
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222 | (1) |
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Does ESD offers the same benefit for all acute SCI? |
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222 | (1) |
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Complete versus incomplete SCI |
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222 | (1) |
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Effects of ESD on different neurological level of injury |
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223 | (1) |
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Effect of SD in patients with cervical SCI |
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223 | (1) |
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Effect of SD in patients with thoracic and thoracolumbar SCI |
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223 | (1) |
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Effect of SD on miscellaneous SCI |
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223 | (1) |
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The special case of Central Cord Syndrome |
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224 | (1) |
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225 | (1) |
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Applications to other areas of neuroscience |
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225 | (1) |
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225 | (1) |
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Key facts of surgical treatment of spinal cord injury |
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226 | (1) |
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226 | (1) |
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226 | (3) |
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18 Spinal cord epidural stimulation for autonomic nervous system control: A focus on improving bladder, bowel, and cardiovascular function |
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229 | (9) |
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Bladder dysfunction after SCI |
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230 | (1) |
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Bowel dysfunction after SCI |
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231 | (1) |
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Cardiovascular dysfunction and interactions with other autonomic systems after SCI |
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231 | (2) |
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Introduction of spinal cord stimulation |
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233 | (1) |
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Neuromodulation to improve bladder function |
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233 | (5) |
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Neuromodulation to improve bowel function |
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238 | (1) |
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Neuromodulation to improve cardiovascular function |
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238 | (1) |
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Future directions with scES and applications to other areas of neuroscience |
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238 | (1) |
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239 | (1) |
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Key facts of autonomic dysfunction after SCI |
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239 | (1) |
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Key facts of scES after SCI |
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240 | (1) |
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240 | (1) |
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240 | (5) |
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19 Treating spinal cord injury with implanted spinal cord stimulators |
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245 | (2) |
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245 | (1) |
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246 | (1) |
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247 | (1) |
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247 | (1) |
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Functional rehabilitation with SCS |
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248 | (1) |
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248 | (5) |
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Current spinal cord stimulators |
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248 | (4) |
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Surgical implantation of neurostimulators |
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252 | (1) |
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253 | (1) |
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Current limitations of the neurostimulators |
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253 | (1) |
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Advanced neurostimulators |
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254 | (1) |
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Prospects of the stimulation for spinal cord injury rehabilitation |
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254 | (1) |
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Applications to other areas of neuroscience |
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254 | (1) |
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255 | (1) |
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Key facts of spinal cord injury |
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255 | (1) |
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255 | (1) |
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256 | (3) |
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20 Bowel dysfunction in spinal cord injury |
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Maria Elena Ferreiro-Velasco |
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Sebastian Salvador-De La Barrera |
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259 | (1) |
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Characteristics of neurogenic bowel in spinal cord injury |
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259 | (1) |
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260 | (1) |
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261 | (2) |
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261 | (2) |
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Conservative treatment of the neurogenic bowel |
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263 | (4) |
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263 | (1) |
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263 | (1) |
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263 | (1) |
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263 | (1) |
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Mechanical techniques to ease bowel movements |
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263 | (1) |
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Pharmacological treatment |
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263 | (2) |
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265 | (1) |
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266 | (1) |
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267 | (1) |
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267 | (1) |
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Surgical treatment of the neurogenic bowel |
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267 | (2) |
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267 | (1) |
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Antegrade continence enema |
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267 | (1) |
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267 | (2) |
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269 | (1) |
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Applications to other areas of neuroscience |
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269 | (1) |
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270 | (1) |
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Key facts of neurogenic bowel dysfunction |
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270 | (1) |
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270 | (1) |
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270 | (3) |
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21 Management of neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction due to spinal cord injury |
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273 | (2) |
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Physiology of storage and emptying |
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275 | (1) |
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Pathophysiology of NLUTD due to SCI |
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275 | (1) |
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Classification of NLUTD due to SCI |
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275 | (1) |
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Association between neurological level of SCI and NLUTD |
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275 | (1) |
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275 | (1) |
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Overview of management of patients with NLUTD due to SCI |
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276 | (1) |
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Clinical outcomes of management of NLUTD |
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276 | (1) |
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Pathway of NLUTD management |
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276 | (1) |
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Basic and optional assessments |
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276 | (1) |
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277 | (3) |
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Urinary management during acute phase |
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277 | (1) |
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Urinary management during chronic phase |
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278 | (2) |
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Pharmacological treatment |
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280 | (1) |
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To facilitate urine storage |
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280 | (1) |
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To facilitate bladder emptying |
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280 | (1) |
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Assessment of clinical outcomes (periodic follow-up) |
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280 | (1) |
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Proposal for follow-up protocol |
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280 | (1) |
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Proposal for repeated urodynamic study |
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281 | (1) |
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Proposal for surveillance for bladder cancer |
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281 | (1) |
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281 | (2) |
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Transurethral intra-detrusor injection of type A botulinum toxin (BoNT-A) |
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281 | (1) |
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Other surgical treatments |
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281 | (2) |
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Applications to other areas of neuroscience |
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283 | (1) |
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283 | (1) |
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Key facts of catheters for clean intermittent catheterization |
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283 | (1) |
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284 | (1) |
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285 | (2) |
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22 Bed support surfaces for preventing pressure injuries after spinal cord injury |
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287 | (1) |
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Pressure injuries (PI): Definition, epidemiology and impacts |
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287 | (1) |
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Pathogenesis of pressure injuries following spinal cord injury |
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288 | (1) |
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Support surfaces: An approach for prevention and treatment of pressure injuries |
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288 | (7) |
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Biomechanical properties of support surfaces during loading |
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288 | (2) |
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Main configurations and classification of support surfaces |
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290 | (1) |
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Reactive support surfaces |
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290 | (2) |
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292 | (1) |
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293 | (1) |
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293 | (1) |
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Positioning, surface material and bed making |
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293 | (1) |
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Global evidence on the effectiveness of support surfaces |
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294 | (1) |
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Decision-making for selecting proper support surfaces |
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294 | (1) |
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295 | (1) |
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Applications to other areas of neuroscience |
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295 | (1) |
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296 | (1) |
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Key facts of pressure injuries after spinal cord injury |
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296 | (1) |
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296 | (1) |
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296 | (3) |
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23 Nerve and tendon transfers in tetraplegia: A new narrative |
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299 | (1) |
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300 | (1) |
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301 | (3) |
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304 | (1) |
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305 | (1) |
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305 | (1) |
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306 | (1) |
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307 | (1) |
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308 | (1) |
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308 | (1) |
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308 | (1) |
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308 | (1) |
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309 | (1) |
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309 | (1) |
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Applications to other areas of neuroscience |
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309 | (1) |
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309 | (1) |
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Key facts of nerve and tendon transfers in tetraplegia: A new narrative |
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310 | (1) |
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Key facts of nerve and tendon transfer |
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310 | (1) |
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310 | (1) |
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310 | (3) |
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24 GEMINI-supported spinal cord transplantation for the treatment of chronic spinal paralysis: Overview and initial clinical translation |
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313 | (1) |
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The GEMINI spinal cord fusion protocol: Overview |
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313 | (1) |
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314 | (1) |
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GEMINI: Electrical stimulation |
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314 | (1) |
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315 | (2) |
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315 | (1) |
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Resection-apposition (Freeman-GEMINI approach) |
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316 | (1) |
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Spinal cord transplantation (Shirres-GEMINI approach) |
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316 | (1) |
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317 | (5) |
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322 | (1) |
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Applications to other areas of neuroscience |
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322 | (1) |
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322 | (1) |
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Key facts of the GEMINI spinal cord fusion protocol for spinal cord injury |
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322 | (1) |
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323 | (1) |
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323 | (2) |
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25 Chondroitinase ABC I as a novel candidate for reducing damage in spinal cord injury |
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325 | (3) |
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Glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans |
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325 | (1) |
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Distribution and functions of GAGs and proteoglycans |
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326 | (1) |
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CSPGs in the nervous system |
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327 | (1) |
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Implication of CSPGs in pathogen conditions |
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328 | (1) |
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Glycosaminoglycan degrading enzymes: A brief description |
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328 | (1) |
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Structural features of chondroitinase ABC I |
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328 | (1) |
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Chondroitinase ABC I and spinal cord injury |
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329 | (1) |
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Chondroitinase ABC I for enzyme therapy: Challenges and perspectives |
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330 | (1) |
|
Protein engineering strategies toward functional drug delivery |
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330 | (1) |
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Combinatorial therapy with chondroitinase ABC I |
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330 | (1) |
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Applications to other areas of neuroscience |
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331 | (1) |
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331 | (1) |
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Key facts of chondroitinase ABC I |
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332 | (1) |
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Key facts of the therapeutic potential of chondroitinase ABC I |
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332 | (1) |
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332 | (1) |
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332 | (5) |
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26 Phenol neurolysis for spasticity management in people with spinal cord injury |
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337 | (1) |
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Phenol or alcohol neurolysis history |
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338 | (1) |
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339 | (1) |
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Phenol neurolysis technique and dose |
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339 | (2) |
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340 | (1) |
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340 | (1) |
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341 | (1) |
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342 | (1) |
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343 | (1) |
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Applications to other areas of neuroscience |
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343 | (1) |
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343 | (1) |
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344 | (1) |
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344 | (1) |
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344 | (3) |
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27 Anti-repulsive guidance molecule: An antibody treatment in spinal cord injury |
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347 | (1) |
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348 | (2) |
|
Ligand-receptor interactions and downstream signaling of RGMa |
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348 | (2) |
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RGMa in spinal cord injury (SCI) |
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|
350 | (2) |
|
RGMa expression after SCI |
|
|
350 | (1) |
|
RGMa inhibition promotes recovery after SCI in rodents |
|
|
350 | (2) |
|
RGMa inhibition promotes recovery after SCI in primates |
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352 | (1) |
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352 | (1) |
|
RGMa in other CNS disorders |
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353 | (1) |
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354 | (1) |
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Applications to other areas of neuroscience |
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354 | (1) |
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355 | (1) |
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Key facts of axonal sprouting |
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355 | (1) |
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355 | (1) |
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355 | (5) |
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28 Mitochondrial biogenesis for the treatment of spinal cord injury |
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360 | (1) |
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Mitochondrial dysfunction |
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360 | (1) |
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361 | (1) |
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361 | (1) |
|
Cell type-specific mitochondrial dysfunction and MB |
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362 | (4) |
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362 | (1) |
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363 | (2) |
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365 | (1) |
|
Mitochondrial biogenesis mediates consequences of SCI |
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366 | (1) |
|
Mitochondrial homeostasis and functional recovery |
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366 | (1) |
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366 | (1) |
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367 | (1) |
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367 | (1) |
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367 | (2) |
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Applications to other areas of neuroscience |
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368 | (1) |
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369 | (1) |
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369 | (1) |
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369 | (1) |
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370 | (3) |
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29 Exploring the exogenous and endogenous effects of melatonin on spinal cord injury |
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373 | (1) |
|
Effects of exogenous melatonin on secondary injury after spinal cord injury |
|
|
374 | (4) |
|
Effects of exogenous melatonin on oxidative stress |
|
|
375 | (1) |
|
Effects of exogenous melatonin on inflammation |
|
|
376 | (1) |
|
Effects of exogenous melatonin on autophagy |
|
|
376 | (2) |
|
Combination treatment strategy for spinal cord injury |
|
|
378 | (1) |
|
Melatonin combined with exercise |
|
|
378 | (1) |
|
Role of endogenous melatonin in spinal cord injury |
|
|
378 | (2) |
|
Clinical application of melatonin in spinal cord injury |
|
|
380 | (1) |
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|
380 | (1) |
|
Applications to other areas of neuroscience |
|
|
381 | (1) |
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382 | (1) |
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|
382 | (1) |
|
Key facts of melatonin and exercise combination strategy for spinal cord injury |
|
|
382 | (1) |
|
Key facts of endogenous melatonin levels after spinal cord injury |
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382 | (1) |
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382 | (1) |
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382 | (3) |
|
30 High-intensity interval training in individuals with spinal cord injury |
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|
385 | (1) |
|
Section 1 Background and overview |
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|
385 | (1) |
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|
385 | (1) |
|
Healthcare and economic burden |
|
|
386 | (1) |
|
Section 2 Cardiometabolic comorbidities associated with SCI |
|
|
386 | (1) |
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|
386 | (1) |
|
Health disparities, barriers, and SCI |
|
|
387 | (1) |
|
Section 3 SCI exercise benefits, guidelines, and participation |
|
|
387 | (2) |
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|
387 | (1) |
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|
388 | (1) |
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|
389 | (1) |
|
Section 4 Health benefits of high-intensity interval training |
|
|
389 | (2) |
|
High-intensity interval training in able-bodied individuals |
|
|
389 | (1) |
|
High-intensity interval training in individuals with spinal cord injury |
|
|
390 | (1) |
|
Telehealth strategies to promote exercise adherence to high-intensity interval training |
|
|
390 | (1) |
|
Applications to other areas of neuroscience |
|
|
391 | (1) |
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391 | (1) |
|
Key facts of SCI and exercise |
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|
392 | (1) |
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392 | (1) |
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|
392 | (5) |
|
31 Stem cells and chronic spinal cord injury: Overview |
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397 | (1) |
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|
397 | (1) |
|
Stem cells: A brief overview |
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398 | (1) |
|
Embryonic stem cells--An overview of pre-clinical findings |
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398 | (2) |
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398 | (1) |
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399 | (1) |
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399 | (1) |
|
Toward autologous transplantation: Mesenchymal stem cells |
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400 | (1) |
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400 | (1) |
|
Adipose tissue-derived MSCs |
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|
400 | (1) |
|
Umbilical cord-derived MSCs |
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|
400 | (1) |
|
Cellular reprogramming: Induced pluripotent stem cells |
|
|
401 | (1) |
|
Translation to the bedside |
|
|
401 | (3) |
|
Development of a more accurate model |
|
|
401 | (1) |
|
Human studies and clinical trials |
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|
402 | (2) |
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404 | (1) |
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Applications to other areas of neuroscience |
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405 | (1) |
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406 | (1) |
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406 | (1) |
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|
406 | (1) |
|
Key facts for spinal cord injury |
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|
406 | (1) |
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|
406 | (1) |
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407 | (1) |
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407 | (1) |
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407 | (1) |
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407 | (4) |
|
32 Viral vector gene therapy approaches for regeneration and repair in spinal cord injury |
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411 | (1) |
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411 | (3) |
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413 | (1) |
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414 | (1) |
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414 | (1) |
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414 | (1) |
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414 | (1) |
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414 | (3) |
|
Intramuscular and intraneural delivery |
|
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416 | (1) |
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|
416 | (1) |
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|
416 | (1) |
|
Intraparenchymal delivery |
|
|
416 | (1) |
|
Viral vector approaches for therapeutic delivery |
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|
417 | (1) |
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|
417 | (1) |
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417 | (1) |
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418 | (1) |
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Applications to other areas of neuroscience |
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|
419 | (1) |
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419 | (1) |
|
Key facts of viral vectors and spinal cord injury |
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|
419 | (1) |
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420 | (1) |
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|
420 | (5) |
|
33 Curcumin usage for inflammation and spinal cord injury |
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|
425 | (1) |
|
Structure, pharmacology, and biological targets |
|
|
426 | (1) |
|
Anti-inflammatory effects |
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|
427 | (2) |
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|
429 | (1) |
|
Stem cell and progenitor cell proliferation |
|
|
430 | (1) |
|
Facilitation of neurologic function recovery |
|
|
430 | (1) |
|
Conclusion and future direction |
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|
430 | (2) |
|
Applications to other areas of neuroscience |
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|
432 | (1) |
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432 | (1) |
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433 | (1) |
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433 | (1) |
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433 | (5) |
|
34 Use of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate on spinal cord injury |
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|
438 | (1) |
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439 | (2) |
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441 | (1) |
|
Applications to other areas of neuroscience |
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442 | (5) |
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447 | (1) |
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447 | (1) |
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448 | (1) |
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448 | (1) |
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448 | (5) |
|
35 Vitamin D and spinal cord injury |
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|
453 | (1) |
|
Vitamin D recommendations: Intake, sources, and status |
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|
453 | (3) |
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456 | (1) |
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|
456 | (1) |
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|
457 | (1) |
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|
457 | (1) |
|
Vitamin D status of active individuals with SCI |
|
|
457 | (1) |
|
Vitamin D and athletic performance in athletes with SCI |
|
|
458 | (1) |
|
|
|
458 | (1) |
|
Application to other areas of neuroscience (200-750 words) |
|
|
458 | (1) |
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|
|
459 | (1) |
|
Key facts of vitamin D and spinal cord injury |
|
|
459 | (1) |
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|
459 | (1) |
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|
459 | (2) |
|
36 Corticospinal tract regeneration after spinal cord injury: Implications for treatment and recovery |
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|
461 | (1) |
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|
462 | (2) |
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|
462 | (1) |
|
CST location and termination pattern in spinal cord |
|
|
462 | (1) |
|
Precise control of skilled motor functions by defined CST populations |
|
|
463 | (1) |
|
Identification of cellular node for CST control of motor function in mice |
|
|
464 | (1) |
|
Spinal cord injury induced spontaneous sprouting of CST |
|
|
464 | (1) |
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|
464 | (1) |
|
Dorsal injury: Ventral CST sprouting |
|
|
464 | (1) |
|
Dorsal column injury: Dorsolateral CST spouting |
|
|
464 | (1) |
|
Unilateral hemisection: CST cross into denervated side in monkeys |
|
|
465 | (1) |
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|
465 | (1) |
|
Promotion of CST regenerative sprouting |
|
|
465 | (2) |
|
Promotion of CST regenerative sprouting by NT-3 |
|
|
465 | (1) |
|
Promotion of CST regenerative sprouting by overcome of myelin inhibitors |
|
|
466 | (1) |
|
Promotion of CST regenerative sprouting by overcome of CSPC |
|
|
466 | (1) |
|
Promotion of CST regenerative sprouting by genetic manipulation of certain genes |
|
|
467 | (1) |
|
Robust CST regeneration into caudalized NPC graft after SCI |
|
|
467 | (2) |
|
Transplantation of non-neural cells or fetal neural tissue |
|
|
467 | (1) |
|
Transplantation of caudalized neural progenitor cells |
|
|
467 | (2) |
|
Mechanisms of CST regeneration |
|
|
469 | (1) |
|
Reconnect injured spinal cord through neuronal relays |
|
|
469 | (1) |
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|
470 | (1) |
|
Applications to other areas of neuroscience |
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|
471 | (1) |
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|
471 | (1) |
|
Key facts of corticospinal tract regeneration after spinal cord injury |
|
|
471 | (1) |
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|
472 | (1) |
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|
472 | (3) |
|
37 Trophic factors in patients with spinal cord injury |
|
|
|
|
|
Maria del Carmen Diaz-Galindo |
|
|
|
|
Francisco Jaramillo-Gonzalez |
|
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|
475 | (1) |
|
Role of neurotrophic factors in human neural plasticity after SCI |
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476 | (2) |
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Nerve growth factor (NGF) |
|
|
477 | (1) |
|
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) |
|
|
477 | (1) |
|
Neurotrophin NT3 and NT4/5 |
|
|
477 | (1) |
|
Glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) |
|
|
477 | (1) |
|
Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) |
|
|
477 | (1) |
|
Different environments enhance trophic factors delivery |
|
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478 | (2) |
|
|
|
478 | (1) |
|
|
|
479 | (1) |
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|
479 | (1) |
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Therapeutic potential of trophic factors |
|
|
480 | (2) |
|
Molecules with properties of trophic factor in clinical trials |
|
|
481 | (1) |
|
Applications to other areas of neuroscience |
|
|
482 | (2) |
|
|
|
484 | (1) |
|
Key facts of spinal cord injury |
|
|
484 | (1) |
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Key facts therapeutic approaches |
|
|
484 | (1) |
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|
|
484 | (1) |
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|
|
485 | (6) |
|
Section E Rehabilitation in spinal injury |
|
|
|
38 Spinal cord injury: Multiple family group (MFG) education and support |
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|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
491 | (1) |
|
Epidemiology of spinal cord injury |
|
|
491 | (1) |
|
Life impact and medical support |
|
|
491 | (1) |
|
Spinal cord injury after-effects |
|
|
492 | (1) |
|
Impacts of SCI on family caregivers |
|
|
493 | (1) |
|
Impact of multiple family groups (MFG) on psychiatric outcomes |
|
|
493 | (1) |
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Adapting multiple family group treatment for brain and spinal cord injury |
|
|
494 | (1) |
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Comparison of MFG to educational control (EC) |
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495 | (3) |
|
Implementation and dissemination opportunities and barriers |
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|
498 | (1) |
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Application to other areas of neuroscience |
|
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498 | (1) |
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|
499 | (1) |
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|
|
499 | (1) |
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|
|
499 | (2) |
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39 Spinal cord injury rehabilitation: Linking service delivery and community integration |
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|
|
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|
|
501 | (1) |
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Prioritizing community integration |
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|
501 | (1) |
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Interplay between health condition, person factors, and environmental factors |
|
|
502 | (1) |
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Models and approaches to community integration |
|
|
502 | (2) |
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Community integration embedded within inpatient rehabilitation |
|
|
502 | (1) |
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Transitional rehabilitation program |
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|
503 | (1) |
|
Extended community integration service |
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|
504 | (1) |
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|
|
504 | (1) |
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Assistive technology, transport, housing |
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|
504 | (2) |
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|
504 | (1) |
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|
504 | (1) |
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|
505 | (1) |
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Leisure and social participation |
|
|
506 | (1) |
|
Participating in leisure assists adjustment following SCI |
|
|
506 | (1) |
|
Health benefits of physical leisure participation |
|
|
506 | (1) |
|
The role of peer mentors in community integration |
|
|
506 | (1) |
|
Peer mentors assist in transition from hospital to home |
|
|
506 | (1) |
|
|
|
506 | (1) |
|
|
|
506 | (1) |
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|
|
507 | (1) |
|
Vocational rehabilitation |
|
|
507 | (1) |
|
Self-management, education and health literacy |
|
|
507 | (1) |
|
Importance of education in maintaining physical and mental health |
|
|
507 | (1) |
|
Role of peer educators in facilitating self-management |
|
|
508 | (1) |
|
|
|
508 | (1) |
|
Applications to other areas of neuroscience |
|
|
508 | (1) |
|
|
|
508 | (1) |
|
Key facts of spinal cord injury community integration |
|
|
509 | (1) |
|
|
|
509 | (1) |
|
|
|
509 | (4) |
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40 Rehabilitation in spinal cord injury: Exercise and testing for cardiorespiratory endurance and musculoskeletal fitness |
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
513 | (1) |
|
Exercise and persons with a spinal cord injury |
|
|
513 | (2) |
|
Exercise and spinal cord injury considerations |
|
|
514 | (1) |
|
Exercise recommendations for persons with spinal cord injury |
|
|
514 | (1) |
|
|
|
514 | (1) |
|
Importance of exercise testing |
|
|
514 | (1) |
|
Exercise testing for persons with a spinal cord injury |
|
|
515 | (1) |
|
General considerations for exercise testing for people with spinal cord injury |
|
|
515 | (1) |
|
Cardiorespiratory endurance testing |
|
|
515 | (3) |
|
V02peak testing in people with spinal cord injury |
|
|
515 | (1) |
|
Equipment options for V02peak fitness testing in people with spinal cord injury |
|
|
516 | (1) |
|
|
|
517 | (1) |
|
Musculoskeletal fitness testing |
|
|
518 | (3) |
|
Considerations for strength testing in persons with spinal cord injury |
|
|
519 | (1) |
|
Strength testing equipment |
|
|
520 | (1) |
|
|
|
521 | (1) |
|
Application to other areas in neuroscience |
|
|
521 | (1) |
|
|
|
521 | (1) |
|
Key facts of rehabilitation in spinal cord injury: Exercise and testing for cardiorespiratory endurance and musculoskeletal fitness |
|
|
522 | (1) |
|
Key facts of spinal cord injury and exercise |
|
|
522 | (1) |
|
Key facts of exercise testing for persons with spinal cord injury |
|
|
522 | (1) |
|
|
|
522 | (1) |
|
|
|
522 | (3) |
|
41 Community-based activity-based therapy for spinal cord injuries rehabilitation |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
525 | (1) |
|
Recovery after spinal cord injuries |
|
|
526 | (1) |
|
Conventional rehabilitation after spinal cord injuries |
|
|
527 | (1) |
|
|
|
527 | (7) |
|
|
|
527 | (1) |
|
|
|
528 | (1) |
|
Multimodal activity-based therapy |
|
|
528 | (1) |
|
Locomotor and gait training |
|
|
529 | (1) |
|
Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) and functional electrical stimulation (FES) |
|
|
530 | (1) |
|
Developmental postures: Weight-bearing activities |
|
|
531 | (1) |
|
|
|
531 | (1) |
|
Strength and aerobic training |
|
|
531 | (1) |
|
Active and active-assisted exercises |
|
|
532 | (1) |
|
|
|
533 | (1) |
|
Assessment and outcome measures |
|
|
533 | (1) |
|
Practical aspects of ABT in the community |
|
|
534 | (1) |
|
Applications to other areas of neuroscience |
|
|
534 | (1) |
|
|
|
534 | (1) |
|
Key facts of activity-based therapy in the community |
|
|
535 | (1) |
|
|
|
535 | (1) |
|
|
|
535 | (4) |
|
42 Mobile health apps and self-management for spinal cord injury rehabilitation |
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
539 | (1) |
|
Chronic disease management |
|
|
539 | (1) |
|
Traditional SCI self-management interventions |
|
|
540 | (1) |
|
Ehealth technology and mHealth apps |
|
|
541 | (1) |
|
Mhealth app needs among individuals with SCI |
|
|
542 | (1) |
|
Development and pilot implementation of mHealth apps for SCI self-management |
|
|
542 | (2) |
|
Clinical interventions on mHealth apps for SCI self-management |
|
|
544 | (1) |
|
Applications to other areas of neuroscience |
|
|
545 | (1) |
|
|
|
545 | (1) |
|
Key facts of spinal cord injury |
|
|
546 | (1) |
|
|
|
546 | (1) |
|
|
|
546 | (1) |
|
|
|
546 | (3) |
|
43 Biomaterials, spinal cord injury, and rehabilitation: A new narrative |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
549 | (1) |
|
|
|
550 | (2) |
|
Synthetic-based hydrogels |
|
|
550 | (1) |
|
Hydrogel functionalization with cell-adhesive peptides |
|
|
551 | (1) |
|
|
|
551 | (1) |
|
|
|
551 | (1) |
|
Extracellular matrix-based hydrogels |
|
|
552 | (1) |
|
|
|
552 | (5) |
|
Nanotechnology and nanomedicine |
|
|
552 | (1) |
|
Properties of nanomaterials |
|
|
552 | (1) |
|
|
|
553 | (2) |
|
Functionalization of nanoparticles |
|
|
555 | (1) |
|
The effects of encapsulated neurotrophin |
|
|
555 | (1) |
|
|
|
555 | (1) |
|
Functionalization of nanogels |
|
|
556 | (1) |
|
Nanochannels, nanotubes, nanowires, and conduits |
|
|
557 | (1) |
|
Case study: Agarose-carbomer-based hydrogels |
|
|
557 | (1) |
|
Applications to other areas of neuroscience |
|
|
558 | (2) |
|
|
|
560 | (1) |
|
Key facts of "Biomaterials, spinal cord injury, and rehabilitation: A new narrative" |
|
|
560 | (1) |
|
|
|
560 | (1) |
|
|
|
560 | (3) |
|
44 Support in spinal cord injury: A focus on robotics |
|
|
|
|
|
Guillermo Asin-Prieto Eng |
|
|
|
|
563 | (1) |
|
|
|
564 | (2) |
|
|
|
565 | (1) |
|
|
|
565 | (1) |
|
|
|
565 | (1) |
|
|
|
566 | (1) |
|
Stationary lower limb robots |
|
|
566 | (2) |
|
|
|
567 | (1) |
|
|
|
567 | (1) |
|
|
|
568 | (2) |
|
Applications to other areas of neuroscience |
|
|
570 | (1) |
|
|
|
570 | (1) |
|
Key facts of functional recovery |
|
|
571 | (1) |
|
|
|
571 | (1) |
|
|
|
571 | (6) |
|
|
|
|
45 Recommended resources and sites for the neuroscience of spinal cord injury |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
577 | (1) |
|
|
|
578 | (2) |
|
Application to other areas of neuroscience |
|
|
580 | (5) |
|
|
|
585 | (1) |
|
Key facts of spinal cord injury |
|
|
585 | (1) |
|
|
|
586 | (1) |
|
Acknowledgements (in alphabetical order) |
|
|
586 | (1) |
|
|
|
586 | (1) |
| Index |
|
587 | |
Lisainfo e-raamatute kohta