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E-raamat: Diagnostic Ultrasound: Imaging and Blood Flow Measurements, Second Edition

(University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA)
  • Formaat: 292 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 01-Apr-2015
  • Kirjastus: CRC Press Inc
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781466582651
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Diagnostic Ultrasound: Imaging and Blood Flow Measurements, Second EditionSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: 292 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 01-Apr-2015
  • Kirjastus: CRC Press Inc
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781466582651
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This is a substantial revision of a respected work that details the latest advances in ultrasound technology related to biomedical applications. This includes such topics as elastrography, portable scanners, ultrasound molecular imaging, preclinical high frequency imaging, 2D array and 4D imaging techniques. Each chapter has been considerably updated and expanded. A new chapter has been added on new developments such as elastography and minature scanners. New case studies and examples throughout the book are also included in this new edition--Provided by publisher. Offers an Extensive Discussion on High Frequency UltrasoundBased on a course taught and developed by a foremost expert in diagnostic ultrasound technology, Diagnostic Ultrasound: Imaging and Blood Flow Measurements, Second Editioncovers cutting-edge developments, along with the fundamental physics, instrumentation, system architecture, clinical applications, and biological effects of ultrasound. This text addresses the technical side of diagnostic ultrasound and begins with an overview of the field of ultrasonic imaging and its role in diagnostic medicine relative to other imaging modalities. The author describes the fundamental physics involved in ultrasonic transducers, as well as in conventional imaging approaches and Doppler measurements, including contrast imaging and 4D imaging. He reviews the current status and standards on ultrasound bioeffect and discusses methods that have been used to measure ultrasonic properties of tissues. He also provides a list of relevant references and further reading materials at the end of each chapter.New in the Second Edition:Details the latest advances in ultrasound technology related to biomedical applications, including elastrography, portable scanners, ultrasound molecular imaging, preclinical high frequency imaging, 2D array, and 4D imaging techniquesUpdates and expands each chapterAdds a new chapter on new developments such as elastography and miniature scannersIncludes new case studies and examples throughout the bookDiagnostic Ultrasound: Imaging and Blood Flow Measurements, Second Edition covers recent advances in ultrasound technology related to biomedical applications. Intended for senior- to graduate-level coursework in ultrasonic imaging, this text also serves practicing physicists, engineers, clinicians, and sonographers.

Arvustused

"... provides excellent coverage in many areas of the physics and engineering of diagnostic ultrasound imaging, but also misses some key concepts that would be useful to new ultrasound physicists and engineers. Although designed as a biomedical engineering textbook on ultrasound imaging, it is useful as a handbook for quick reference to many basic concepts, bioeffects and acoustic measurement techniques for diagnostic ultrasound imaging and applications." Jeremy J. Dahl, Stanford, California, USA, from Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, Volume 41, Number 12, 2015

Preface xiii
Acknowledgments xv
Author/Editor xvii
Chapter 1 Introduction 1(4)
1.1 History
1(1)
1.2 Role of ultrasound in medical imaging
2(1)
1.3 Purpose of the book
3(1)
References and Further Reading Materials
3(2)
Chapter 2 Fundamentals of acoustic propagation 5(34)
2.1 Stress and strain relationship
8(3)
2.2 Acoustic wave equation
11(2)
2.2.1 Compressional wave
11(1)
2.2.2 Shear wave
12(1)
2.3 Characteristic impedance
13(2)
2.4 Intensity
15(2)
2.5 Acoustic radiation force
17(1)
2.6 Reflection and refraction
18(3)
2.7 Attenuation, absorption, and scattering
21(12)
2.7.1 Attenuation
22(1)
2.7.2 Absorption
22(4)
2.7.3 Scattering
26(7)
2.8 Nonlinearity parameter B/A
33(3)
2.9 Doppler effect
36(1)
References and Further Reading Materials
37(2)
Chapter 3 Ultrasonic transducers and arrays 39(66)
3.1 Piezoelectric effect
39(5)
3.2 Piezoelectric constitutive equation
44(6)
3.3 Ultrasonic transducers
50(9)
3.3.1 Mechanical matching
57(2)
3.3.2 Electrical matching
59(1)
3.4 Characterization of piezoelectric materials
59(4)
3.4.1 Dielectric constant
59(2)
3.4.2 Dielectric loss tangent
61(1)
3.4.3 Electromechanical coupling coefficient
61(1)
3.4.4 Mechanical quality factor Qm
62(1)
3.4.5 Piezoelectric strain or transmission constant d33
63(1)
3.5 Transducer beam characteristics
63(21)
3.5.1 Lateral beam profiles
67(6)
3.5.2 Pulsed ultrasonic field
73(1)
3.5.3 Visualization and mapping of the ultrasonic field
73(3)
3.5.4 Axial and lateral resolutions
76(3)
3.5.5 Focusing
79(2)
3.5.6 Protection circuits for transducers
81(3)
3.6 Arrays
84(15)
3.6 Characterization of transducer/array performance
99(2)
3.6.1 Insertion loss
99(1)
3.6.2 Cross talk
100(1)
References and Further Reading Materials
101(4)
Chapter 4 Gray-scale ultrasonic imaging 105(38)
4.1 A- (amplitude) mode and B- (brightness) mode imaging
105(22)
4.1.1 Resolution of B-mode ultrasonic imaging systems
116(1)
4.1.2 Beamforming
117(1)
4.1.3 Speckle
118(4)
4.1.4 Image quality
122(3)
4.1.4.1 Point spread function
122(1)
4.1.4.2 Contrast
123(2)
4.1.4.3 Noises
125(1)
4.1.5 Phase aberration compensation
125(2)
4.1.6 Clinical applications
127(1)
4.2 M-mode and C-mode
127(3)
4.3 Ultrasound computed tomography (CT)
130(2)
4.4 Coded excitation imaging
132(4)
4.5 Compound imaging
136(1)
4.6 Synthetic aperture imaging
136(1)
4.7 New developments
137(4)
References and Further Reading Materials
141(2)
Chapter 5 Doppler flow measurements 143(16)
5.1 Nondirectional CW flowmeters
143(6)
5.2 Directional Doppler flowmeters
149(4)
5.2.1 Single-sideband filtering
149(1)
5.2.2 Heterodyne demodulation
150(1)
5.2.3 Quadrature phase demodulation
151(2)
5.3 Pulsed Doppler flowmeters
153(3)
5.4 Clinical applications and Doppler indices
156(1)
5.5 Potential problems in Doppler measurements
157(1)
5.6 Tissue Doppler and multigate Doppler
157(1)
References and Further Reading Materials
158(1)
Chapter 6 Flow and displacement imaging 159(22)
6.1 Color Doppler flow imaging
159(9)
6.2 Color Doppler power imaging
168(1)
6.3 Time domain flow estimation
168(3)
6.4 Elasticity imaging
171(3)
6.4.1 Elastography
172(1)
6.4.2 Sonoelasticity imaging
173(1)
6.5 Acoustic radiation force imaging (ARFI)
174(1)
6.6 Vibro-acoustography
175(1)
6.7 Supersonic shear wave imaging (SSWI)
176(2)
6.8 B-Flow imaging
178(1)
References and Further Reading Materials
179(2)
Chapter 7 Contrast media and harmonic imaging 181(20)
7.1 Contrast agents
181(7)
7.1.1 Gaseous agents
182(4)
7.1.2 Encapsulated gaseous agents
186(1)
7.1.3 Dilute distribution of bubbles of varying size
187(1)
7.2 Nonlinear interactions between ultrasound and bubbles
188(1)
7.3 Modified Rayleigh-Plesset equation for encapsulated gas bubbles
189(1)
7.4 Solutions to Rayleigh-Plesset equation
189(3)
7.5 Harmonic imaging
192(3)
7.6 Native tissue harmonic imaging
195(2)
7.7 Subharmonic imaging
197(1)
7.8 Clinical applications of contrast agents and harmonic imaging
197(3)
References and Further Reading Materials
200(1)
Chapter 8 Intracavity and high-frequency (HF) imaging 201(14)
8.1 Intracavity imaging
201(4)
8.1.1 Transesophageal cardiac imaging
201(2)
8.1.2 Transrectal and transvaginal imaging
203(1)
8.1.3 Endoluminal imaging
204(1)
8.2 Intravascular imaging
205(2)
8.3 High-frequency imaging
207(5)
8.4 Acoustic microscopes
212(1)
References and Further Reading Materials
213(2)
Chapter 9 Multidimensional imaging and recent developments 215(22)
9.1 Parallel processing
215(2)
9.2 Multidimensional arrays
217(12)
9.2.1 2D arrays
218(9)
9.2.2 Sparse arrays
227(2)
9.3 3D imaging
229(2)
9.4 Recent developments
231(3)
9.4.1 Photoacoustic imaging
231(1)
9.4.2 Multimodality imaging
232(1)
9.4.3 Portable scanners
233(1)
References and Further Reading Materials
234(3)
Chapter 10 Biological effects of ultrasound 237(8)
10.1 Acoustic phenomena at high-intensity levels
237(2)
10.1.1 Wave distortion
237(1)
10.1.2 Heating
237(1)
10.1.3 Cavitation
238(1)
10.1.4 Radiation force and streaming
238(1)
10.2 Ultrasound bioeffects
239(4)
10.2.1 Thermal effects
239(1)
10.2.2 Thermal index
239(1)
10.2.3 Mechanical effects and mechanical index
240(3)
10.2.4 Bioeffects associated with gaseous contrast agents
243(1)
References and Further Reading Materials
243(2)
Chapter 11 Methods for measuring speed, attenuation, absorption, and scattering 245(18)
11.1 Velocity
245(5)
11.1.1 In vitro methods
245(3)
11.1.1.1 Interferometric method
245(1)
11.1.1.2 Pulse-echo method
245(3)
11.1.1.3 Velocity difference method
248(1)
11.1.2 In vivo methods
248(2)
11.2 Attenuation
250(7)
11.2.1 In vitro methods
250(4)
11.2.1.1 Transmission methods
250(2)
11.2.1.2 Transient thermoelectric method
252(2)
11.2.2 In vivo methods
254(3)
11.2.2.1 Loss of amplitude method
255(1)
11.2.2.2 Frequency shift method
255(2)
11.3 Scattering
257(5)
11.3.1 In vitro methods
257(4)
11.3.2 In vivo methods
261(1)
References and Further Reading Materials
262(1)
Index 263
K. Kirk Shung obtained a B.S. in electrical engineering from Cheng-Kung University in Taiwan in 1968; a M.S. in electrical engineering from University of Missouri, Columbia, in 1970; and a Ph.D. in electrical engineering from University of Washington, Seattle, in 1975. In 2002 he joined the Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles as a professor and became a deans professor in 2013. He has published over 500 papers and book chapters, is the author of Diagnostic Ultrasound: Imaging and Blood Flow Measurements published by CRC press in 2005, and co-editor of Ultrasonic Scattering by Biological Tissues published by CRC Press in 1993.
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