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E-raamat: E-CARGO and Role-Based Collaboration: Modeling and Solving Problems in the Complex World

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"This book systematically describes the fundamental understanding of collaboration, collaboration systems, and complex systems and then propose solutions to the related problems with the assistance of the model and methodology. The structure follows a typical technology development document that begins with an introduction to collaboration and problem solving, then provide a thorough survey of the fundamental concept role. After that, Role-Based Collaboration (RBC) methodology, the model E-CARGO are defined and illustrated. After a thorough description of the technical specifications, the book investigates thoroughly important problems in RBC, i.e., Group Role Assignment (GRA), Extensions of GRA, Role Transfer, and highlights representative applications from different aspects of the methodology"--

A model for collaboratively solving complex problems  

E-CARGO and Role-Based Collaboration offers a unique guide that explains the nature of collaboration, explores an easy-to-follow process of collaboration, and defines a model to solve complex problems in collaboration and complex systems. Written by a noted expert on the topic, the book contains a set of concepts, models, components, and algorithms for establishing an effective collaborative system. The role-based collaboration (RBC) methodology can be applied to the analysis, design, and development of a variety of collaborative systems including societal-technical systems. The models and algorithms can also be applied across system engineering, production, and management. 

The RBC provides insights into complex systems through the use of its core model ECARGO. The E-CARGO model provides the fundamental components, principles, relationships, and structures for specifying the state, process, and evolution of complex systems. This important book:  

  • Contains a set of concepts, models, components, and algorithms for the analysis, design, implementation, and maintenance of a complex system 
  • Presents computational methods that use roles as a primary underlying mechanism to facilitate collaborative activities 
  • Explores the RBC model that concentrates on the aspects that can be handled by individual researchers or a well-formed team 
  • Offers an authoritative book written by a noted expert on the topic 

Written for researchers and practitioners dealing with complex problems in collaboration systems and technologies, E-CARGO and Role-Based Collaboration contains a model to solve real world problems with the help of computer-based systems. 

Author Biography xi
Preface xiii
A Guide to Reading This Book xvii
Acknowledgments xix
Symbols and Notations (Nomenclature) xxi
Part I Backgrounds
1(68)
1 Introduction
3(32)
1.1 Collaboration and Collaboration Systems
3(10)
1.1.1 Collaboration
4(8)
1.1.2 Collaboration Systems
12(1)
1.2 Collaboration as "Divide and Conquer"
13(3)
1.3 Key Components of Collaboration
16(2)
1.4 The Nature of Collaboration
18(2)
1.5 The Complexity of Collaboration
20(1)
1.6 Collectivism or Individualism
21(3)
1.7 Collaboration and Complex Systems
24(3)
1.7.1 What Are Complex Systems?
24(2)
1.7.2 Examples of Complex Systems
26(1)
1.8 Collaboration and Problem Solving
27(2)
1.9 Summary
29(6)
References
30(4)
Exercises
34(1)
2 Role Concepts
35(34)
2.1 Terminology
35(5)
2.2 Modeling-Roles
40(2)
2.3 Roles in Agent Systems
42(3)
2.4 Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)
45(3)
2.5 Roles in CSCW Systems
48(3)
2.6 Roles in Social Psychology and Management
51(2)
2.7 Convergence of Role Concepts
53(5)
2.8 Summary
58(11)
References
60(7)
Exercises
67(2)
Part II Methodologies and Models
69(184)
3 Role-Based Collaboration
71(32)
3.1 Requirements for Role-Based Collaboration
71(3)
3.2 Architecture of an RBC System
74(2)
3.3 The Environment Established by Role-Based Collaboration
76(3)
3.4 The Process of Role-Based Collaboration
79(4)
3.5 Fundamental Principles of RBC
83(4)
3.5.1 Object Principles
84(1)
3.5.2 Agent Principles
85(1)
3.5.3 Role Principles
85(1)
3.5.4 Group Principles
86(1)
3.6 Benefits of Role-Based Collaboration
87(6)
3.6.1 Establish Trust in Collaboration
87(1)
3.6.2 Establish Dynamics
88(2)
3.6.3 Facilitate Interaction
90(1)
3.6.4 Support Adaptation
91(1)
3.6.5 Information Sharing
92(1)
3.6.6 Other Benefits
93(1)
3.7 Summary
93(10)
References
94(7)
Exercises
101(2)
4 The E-CARGO Model
103(38)
4.1 First Class Components
103(15)
4.1.1 Objects and Classes
105(2)
4.1.2 Roles and Environments
107(6)
4.1.3 Agents and Groups
113(5)
4.2 Second Class Components
118(3)
4.2.1 Users or Human Users
118(1)
4.2.2 Message
118(2)
4.2.3 System
120(1)
4.3 Fundamental Relationships in E-CARGO
121(12)
4.3.1 The Relations Among Roles
122(7)
4.3.2 The Relations Between Roles and Agents
129(1)
4.3.3 The Relations Between Agents
130(2)
4.3.4 Properties of an RBC System
132(1)
4.4 Related Work
133(2)
4.5 Summary
135(6)
References
136(4)
Exercises
140(1)
5 Group Role Assignment (GRA)
141(32)
5.1 Role Assignment
141(1)
5.2 A Real-World Problem
142(3)
5.3 Extended Expression of the E-CARGO Model
145(1)
5.4 Group Role Assignment Problems
146(2)
5.4.1 Simple Role Assignment
146(1)
5.4.2 Rated Group Role Assignment
147(1)
5.4.3 Weighted Role Assignment
148(1)
5.5 General Assignment Problem and the K-M Algorithm
148(4)
5.6 Solutions to GRA Problems
152(7)
5.7 Implementation and Performance Analysis
159(2)
5.8 Case Study by Simulation
161(4)
5.9 Related Work
165(1)
5.10 Summary
166(7)
References
168(2)
Exercises
170(3)
6 Group Role Assignment with Constraints (GRA*)
173(40)
6.1 Group Multi-Role Assignment (GMRA)
173(8)
6.1.1 A Real-World Scenario
173(2)
6.1.2 Problem Formalization
175(1)
6.1.3 The CPLEX Solution and Its Performance Experiments
176(1)
6.1.4 Improvement of the CPLEX Solution
177(3)
6.1.5 Comparisons
180(1)
6.2 Group Role Assignment with Conflicting Agents (GRACA)
181(14)
6.2.1 A Real-World Scenario
181(2)
6.2.2 Problem Formalization
183(3)
6.2.3 The Benefits of Avoiding Conflicts
186(2)
6.2.4 GRACAR/G Problems Are Subproblems of an NP-Complete Problem
188(6)
6.2.5 Solutions with CPLEX
194(1)
6.3 Group Role Assignment with Cooperation and Conflict Factors
195(11)
6.3.1 A Real-World Scenario
195(1)
6.3.2 Problem Formalization
196(4)
6.3.3 A Practical Solution
200(2)
6.3.4 Performance Experiments
202(1)
6.3.5 The Benefits
203(1)
6.3.6 Cooperation and Conflict Factor Collection
204(2)
6.4 Related Work
206(1)
6.5 Summary
207(6)
References
208(4)
Exercises
212(1)
7 Group Role Assignment with Multiple Objectives (GRA")
213(40)
7.1 Group Role Assignment with Budget Constraints (GRABC)
213(16)
7.1.1 A Real-World Scenario
213(2)
7.1.2 Problem Formalization
215(9)
7.1.3 Solutions with an ILP Solver
224(2)
7.1.4 Simulations of GRABC-WS and GRABC-Syn
226(1)
7.1.5 Performance Experiments and Improvements
227(2)
7.1.6 Synthesis
229(1)
7.2 Good at Many Things and Expert in One (GMEO)
229(17)
7.2.1 A Real-World Scenario
231(1)
7.2.2 Problem Formalizations
232(3)
7.2.3 A Solution with CPLEX
235(2)
7.2.4 Performance Experiments and Improvements
237(3)
7.2.5 A Simple Formalization of GMEO with an Efficient Solution
240(3)
7.2.6 A More Efficient Solution for GMEO-1
243(3)
7.3 Related Work
246(2)
7.4 Summary
248(5)
References
249(2)
Exercises
251(2)
Part III Applications
253(88)
8 Solving Engineering Problems with GRA
255(34)
8.1 Group Role Assignment with Agents' Busyness Degrees
255(9)
8.1.1 A Real-World Scenario
256(1)
8.1.2 Problem Formalization
257(2)
8.1.3 Solutions
259(2)
8.1.4 Simulations and Benefits
261(3)
8.2 Group Multi-Role Assignment with Coupled Roles
264(7)
8.2.1 A Real-World Scenario
265(2)
8.2.2 The Problem Specification
267(2)
8.2.3 The Solutions with CPLEX and Initial Results
269(1)
8.2.4 Verification Experiments
270(1)
8.3 Most Economical Redundant Assignment
271(10)
8.3.1 A Real-World Scenario
272(1)
8.3.2 Problem Formalizations
273(1)
8.3.3 A Solution with CPLEX
274(3)
8.3.4 A New Form of the MERA Problem and a More Efficient Solution
277(4)
8.4 Related Work
281(2)
8.5 Summary
283(6)
References
284(3)
Exercises
287(2)
9 Role Transfer
289(34)
9.1 Role Transfer Problems
289(3)
9.2 The M-M Role Transfer Problems
292(5)
9.2.1 M-1 Problem
294(1)
9.2.2 1-M Problem
294(1)
9.2.3 M-M Problem
294(3)
9.3 From M-M RTPs to Role Assignment Problems
297(3)
9.4 Temporal M-M Role Transfer Problems
300(15)
9.4.1 Temporal Transfer with Weak Restriction
300(4)
9.4.2 Temporal Transfer with Strong Restriction
304(5)
9.4.3 A Near-Optimal Solution to SRTP with the Kuhn-Munkres Algorithm
309(5)
9.4.4 Performance Experiments
314(1)
9.5 Role Transfer Tool
315(2)
9.6 Related Work
317(1)
9.7 Summary
318(5)
References
319(3)
Exercises
322(1)
10 More to Investigate
323(18)
10.1 Role Negotiation
323(1)
10.2 Role Specification
324(1)
10.3 Agent Evaluation
324(3)
10.4 Collective Group Role Assignment
327(3)
10.4.1 One-Way Collective Role Assignment
328(1)
10.4.2 Two-Way Collective Role Assignment
329(1)
10.5 Role Engine
330(3)
10.5.1 Role Dynamics
331(1)
10.5.2 Role Interaction
332(1)
10.5.3 Role Presentation
332(1)
10.6 Social Simulation
333(2)
10.7 Adaptive Collaboration
335(1)
10.8 Other Challenges in RBC and E-CARGO
336(3)
10.8.1 Optimizations
338(1)
10.8.2 Agent-Oriented Software Engineering (AOSE)
338(1)
10.8.3 Multi-Agent Systems
339(1)
10.9 Not the End
339(2)
References 341(8)
Index 349
HAIBIN ZHU, PHD is a Full Professor and the Chair of Department of Computer Science and Mathematics, Founding Director of Collaborative Systems Laboratory, member of Arts and Science Executive Committee, Nipissing University.