Foreword |
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xix | |
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Preface |
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xxiii | |
Notes From the Author |
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xxix | |
Special Acknowledgments |
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xxxi | |
Acknowledgments |
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xxxv | |
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1 | (78) |
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Reintroduction to EMDR Therapy |
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1 | (1) |
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2 | (2) |
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2 | (1) |
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3 | (1) |
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Adaptive Information Processing---"The Past Drives the Present" |
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4 | (7) |
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Model, Methodology, and Mechanism of EMDR Therapy |
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11 | (10) |
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12 | (1) |
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13 | (5) |
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18 | (3) |
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21 | (4) |
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21 | (1) |
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Three-Pronged Targets---Experiential Contributors to Present-Day Problems |
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22 | (3) |
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The Importance of Past, Present, and Future in EMDR Therapy |
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25 | (1) |
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25 | (1) |
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Targets May Arise in Any Part of the EMDR Therapy Process |
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25 | (1) |
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26 | (7) |
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26 | (1) |
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26 | (1) |
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27 | (1) |
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27 | (1) |
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27 | (1) |
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Internal or External Triggers |
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27 | (1) |
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27 | (1) |
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27 | (1) |
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Positive Template (i.e., Imaginal Future Template Development) |
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28 | (1) |
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28 | (1) |
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28 | (1) |
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29 | (1) |
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29 | (1) |
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29 | (1) |
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30 | (1) |
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31 | (1) |
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31 | (1) |
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Wellsprings of Disturbance |
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31 | (1) |
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32 | (1) |
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32 | (1) |
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33 | (12) |
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33 | (2) |
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Preferred Means of Bilateral Stimulation |
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35 | (1) |
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Shorter or Longer? Slower or Faster? |
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35 | (6) |
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Continuous Bilateral Stimulation |
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41 | (2) |
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43 | (2) |
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Is Bilateral Stimulation EMDR Therapy? |
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45 | (1) |
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Important Concepts to Consider |
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45 | (8) |
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Memory Network Associations |
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45 | (1) |
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46 | (1) |
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EMDR Therapy Is Not Hypnosis |
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47 | (1) |
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What Once Was Adaptive Becomes Maladaptive |
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47 | (1) |
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Developing and Enhancing Adaptive Networks of Association |
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47 | (2) |
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Developing New Positive Networks |
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49 | (1) |
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Enhancing Already Existing Positive Networks |
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49 | (1) |
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State Versus Trait Change |
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49 | (1) |
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Dual Awareness---Internal/External Balance |
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50 | (1) |
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Ecological Validity (i.e., Soundness) |
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50 | (2) |
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Side Benefits of EMDR Therapy |
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52 | (1) |
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Holistic Nature of the Approach |
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52 | (1) |
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52 | (1) |
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53 | (3) |
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53 | (2) |
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55 | (1) |
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56 | (1) |
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56 | (2) |
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56 | (1) |
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57 | (1) |
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Subjective Units of Disturbance and the Emergence of Blocking Beliefs |
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57 | (1) |
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Validity of Cognition and the Emergence of Blocking Beliefs |
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57 | (1) |
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Body Scan and the Emergence of Blocking Beliefs |
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58 | (1) |
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58 | (1) |
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To Intervene or Not to Intervene |
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58 | (1) |
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Eye Movement Desensitization Versus EMDR Therapy |
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59 | (5) |
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62 | (2) |
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64 | (1) |
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Practical Tips to Remember |
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64 | (5) |
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Practice, Practice, Practice |
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64 | (1) |
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Follow the Script Verbatim |
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65 | (1) |
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66 | (1) |
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66 | (1) |
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66 | (1) |
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66 | (1) |
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67 | (1) |
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67 | (1) |
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68 | (1) |
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69 | (1) |
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69 | (10) |
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2 Eight Phases of EMDR Therapy |
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79 | (68) |
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79 | (4) |
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Phase 1 Client History and Treatment Planning |
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83 | (7) |
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Informed Consent and Suitability for Treatment |
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83 | (1) |
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Client Selection Criteria |
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84 | (1) |
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Client's Suitability and Readiness for EMDR Therapy |
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85 | (1) |
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Screening for Dissociative Disorders |
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86 | (1) |
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Client Willingness to Do EMDR Therapy |
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87 | (1) |
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87 | (1) |
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Treatment Planning in EMDR Therapy |
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88 | (1) |
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Elements Pertinent to EMDR Therapy |
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88 | (2) |
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Candidates for EMDR Therapy |
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90 | (3) |
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What Does an Adaptive Information Processing-Informed Treatment Plan Look Like? |
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93 | (1) |
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93 | (13) |
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Setting the Stage for Effective Reprocessing |
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94 | (1) |
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Maintaining a Safe Therapeutic Environment |
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95 | (1) |
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Explanation of the EMDR Process and Its Effects |
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95 | (2) |
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Safe (Calm) Place and Other Coping Strategies |
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97 | (1) |
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What Factors Indicate a Greater Need for Stabilization? |
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98 | (1) |
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Safe (Calm) Place---Stabilization and Assessment |
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99 | (3) |
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Resource Development and Installation, Dissociation, and Ego State Therapy |
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102 | (1) |
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Resource Development and Installation |
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102 | (1) |
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103 | (1) |
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103 | (1) |
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103 | (1) |
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Addressing the Client's Fears and Expectations |
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104 | (1) |
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104 | (1) |
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105 | (1) |
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Mechanics of EMDR Therapy |
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105 | (1) |
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105 | (1) |
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Range, Distance, Speed, Direction, and Number of Bilateral Stimulation Sets |
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105 | (1) |
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106 | (5) |
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Identify, Assess, and Measure |
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107 | (1) |
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107 | (1) |
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107 | (1) |
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Assessing the Negative and Positive Cognitions, Emotions, and Location of the Physical Sensations |
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108 | (1) |
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Measuring the Validity of Cognition and the Subjective Units of Disturbance |
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108 | (2) |
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Disparate Scaling Between Subjective Units of Disturbance and Validity of Cognition |
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110 | (1) |
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111 | (13) |
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111 | (1) |
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112 | (1) |
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Purpose of the Desensitization Phase |
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113 | (1) |
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114 | (1) |
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Evaluating Channels of Association |
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114 | (5) |
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119 | (2) |
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When to Return to Target? |
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121 | (1) |
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What to Do If the Subjective Units of Disturbance Become Stuck |
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122 | (1) |
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122 | (1) |
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When to Proceed to the Installation Phase? |
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123 | (1) |
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124 | (1) |
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124 | (5) |
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124 | (1) |
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Procedural Change to the Processing of the Validity of Cognition |
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125 | (2) |
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Evaluate Appropriateness of Original Cognition |
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127 | (1) |
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Validity of the Positive Cognition |
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128 | (1) |
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128 | (1) |
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When Is Installation Complete? |
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128 | (1) |
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How to Discern the Presence of a Blocking Belief |
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128 | (1) |
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129 | (2) |
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131 | (6) |
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131 | (1) |
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Strategies for Closing Sessions |
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132 | (1) |
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132 | (1) |
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132 | (1) |
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Instructions for Closing All Sessions (Complete and Incomplete) |
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133 | (3) |
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Assessment of Client's Safety |
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136 | (1) |
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What Can Happen After a Session? |
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137 | (1) |
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137 | (6) |
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What Has Changed and What Is Left to Do? |
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137 | (1) |
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Resuming Reprocessing in an Incomplete Session |
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138 | (1) |
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Reevaluation of Treatment Effects |
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138 | (2) |
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Reevaluation and Treatment Planning |
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140 | (1) |
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140 | (1) |
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141 | (1) |
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141 | (1) |
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141 | (1) |
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Pivotal Points in the Reevaluation Phase |
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141 | (2) |
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143 | (1) |
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144 | (3) |
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3 Steppingstones to Adaptive Resolution |
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147 | (52) |
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147 | (1) |
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147 | (1) |
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How Much Do You Need to Know? |
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148 | (1) |
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148 | (4) |
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Effective EMDR Therapy Equals Effective Targeting |
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148 | (1) |
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Characteristics of Effective Targets |
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149 | (1) |
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How Is the Memory Encoded? |
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149 | (2) |
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Appropriateness of the Target |
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151 | (1) |
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152 | (12) |
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Elements of Negative and Positive Cognitions |
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152 | (1) |
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153 | (1) |
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Teasing Out Negative and Positive Cognitions |
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153 | (6) |
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Informational (Clinical, Cognitive, or Emotional) Plateaus |
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159 | (5) |
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Assessment of the Validity of Cognition |
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164 | (1) |
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Validity of Cognition Scale |
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164 | (1) |
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164 | (9) |
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164 | (9) |
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Assessment of Current Level of Disturbance |
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173 | (4) |
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Subjective Units of Disturbance Scale |
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173 | (4) |
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Assessment of Physical Sensations |
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177 | (1) |
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177 | (1) |
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177 | (12) |
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Recent Traumatic Events and Single-Incident Traumas |
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189 | (8) |
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Recent Traumatic Events Protocol |
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190 | (3) |
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Caveats When Using the Recent Traumatic Events Protocol |
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193 | (1) |
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How Do You Know When Its Use Is Appropriate? |
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193 | (1) |
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194 | (1) |
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Single Traumatic Event Protocol |
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194 | (3) |
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197 | (1) |
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197 | (1) |
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198 | (1) |
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4 Building Blocks of EMDR Therapy |
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199 | (36) |
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EMDR Therapy Is a Three-Pronged Approach |
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199 | (2) |
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Building Blocks of EMDR Therapy: Past, Present, and Future |
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200 | (1) |
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Clinical Presentation Possibilities |
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201 | (7) |
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Simple-Symptom Presentations |
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203 | (1) |
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Acute Stress Response (i.e., Fight or Flight) |
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203 | (1) |
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203 | (1) |
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203 | (1) |
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Specific Presenting Problem Characterized by the Following (in a Limited Context) |
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204 | (1) |
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Any Circumscribed Problem (or Set of Experiences) Whether Acute or Longstanding and Within a Specific Context |
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204 | (1) |
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Diagnoses: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Adjustment Disorder, and Acute Stress Disorder |
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204 | (1) |
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Complex Clinical Presentations |
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205 | (1) |
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205 | (1) |
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Pervasive Experiences Regarding Severe Childhood Abuse/Neglect |
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205 | (1) |
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Adult-Onset Traumatic Experiences |
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206 | (1) |
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206 | (1) |
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Pervasive History of Early Trauma |
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206 | (1) |
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Vague or Diffuse Presentations |
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207 | (1) |
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Diagnoses: Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Addictions and Compulsive Disorders, Mood Disorders, Phobias, Dissociative Disorders, Personality Disorders |
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208 | (1) |
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First Prong: Earlier Memories/Touchstone Events |
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208 | (8) |
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208 | (1) |
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Strategies for Accessing the Touchstone Memory |
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209 | (1) |
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Direct Questioning (i.e., Go Back) |
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210 | (1) |
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Floatback Technique (i.e., Think Back) |
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210 | (1) |
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Affect Scan (i.e., Feel Back) |
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210 | (3) |
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Identifying the Touchstone Through Direct Questioning |
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213 | (1) |
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Identifying the Touchstone Event Using Floatback |
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214 | (1) |
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Identifying the Touchstone Event Using Affect Scan |
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214 | (2) |
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216 | (1) |
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Second Prong: Present Events and Triggers |
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216 | (7) |
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216 | (1) |
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How Can Triggers Remain Active After So Much Processing? |
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217 | (1) |
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218 | (1) |
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219 | (3) |
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222 | (1) |
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222 | (1) |
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222 | (1) |
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Present Triggers Subsumed by the Reprocessing of the Touchstone Event |
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223 | (1) |
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Third Prong: Future Events and Future Templates |
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223 | (11) |
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Goals of the Future Template |
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223 | (1) |
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Skills Building and Imaginal Rehearsal |
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224 | (1) |
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Steps Needed Prior to Creating a Positive Template |
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224 | (1) |
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Procedural Steps for Installing a Future Template |
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224 | (1) |
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Phase 1 Future Template---Desired Outcomes |
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225 | (1) |
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Phase 2 Future Template---Generate Challenging Situations |
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226 | (1) |
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Third Prong: Misunderstood, Disregarded, and Forgotten |
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227 | (1) |
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Future Template---Examples |
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228 | (1) |
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229 | (2) |
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Problem-Solving Situation |
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231 | (2) |
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Modifications of the Three-Pronged Approach |
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233 | (1) |
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234 | (1) |
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234 | (1) |
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5 Abreactions, Blocked Processing, and Cognitive Interweaves |
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235 | (46) |
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When the Engine Has Stalled |
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235 | (1) |
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235 | (1) |
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236 | (2) |
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236 | (1) |
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Preparing the Client for Abreactions |
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236 | (1) |
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What Happens When a Client Abreacts? |
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237 | (1) |
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238 | (1) |
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Strategies for Maintaining Processing |
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238 | (5) |
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Overresponders and Underresponders: Guidelines for Clients Who Display Too Little or Too Much Emotion |
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238 | (4) |
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242 | (1) |
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Returning to Target Too Soon? |
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242 | (1) |
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Strategies for Blocked Processing |
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243 | (3) |
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243 | (1) |
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Identifying Blocked Processing |
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243 | (2) |
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Primary Targets for Blocked Processing |
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245 | (1) |
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Ancillary Targets for Blocked Processing |
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245 | (1) |
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The Art of the Cognitive Interweave |
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246 | (19) |
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What Is a Cognitive Interweave? |
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247 | (1) |
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Using a Cognitive Interweave Effectively |
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247 | (1) |
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When To Use a Cognitive Interweave |
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248 | (1) |
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Choices of Cognitive Interweaves |
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249 | (4) |
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Comparison Between Strategies for Blocked Processing and Cognitive Interweaves |
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253 | (1) |
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Responsibility/Defectiveness, Safety/Vulnerability, and Power/Control (or Choice) |
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253 | (1) |
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Responsibility/Defectiveness and Responsibilities/Action Interweaves |
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254 | (1) |
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Safety/Vulnerability Interweaves |
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254 | (1) |
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Power/Control (or Choice) Interweaves |
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254 | (4) |
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Responsibility/Defectiveness (i.e., "I Am Something Wrong") |
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258 | (1) |
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Responsibility/Action (i.e., "I Did Something Wrong") |
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258 | (1) |
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258 | (1) |
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Power/Control (or Choice) |
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259 | (1) |
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Social Connection and Belonging Informational Plateau |
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259 | (5) |
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Use the Cognitive Interweave With Complex Trauma |
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264 | (1) |
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265 | (13) |
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278 | (3) |
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6 Past, Present, and Future |
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281 | (64) |
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EMDR Therapy Case Examples |
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281 | (1) |
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281 | (2) |
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283 | (17) |
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285 | (1) |
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286 | (5) |
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291 | (1) |
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291 | (1) |
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292 | (1) |
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293 | (1) |
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294 | (1) |
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295 | (3) |
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298 | (1) |
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298 | (1) |
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299 | (1) |
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300 | (16) |
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301 | (1) |
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301 | (5) |
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306 | (1) |
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307 | (1) |
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307 | (2) |
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309 | (1) |
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310 | (1) |
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311 | (1) |
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312 | (1) |
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312 | (3) |
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315 | (1) |
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315 | (1) |
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316 | (1) |
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316 | (28) |
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Future Template---Desired Outcome/Problem Solving |
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316 | (1) |
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Future Template---Anticipatory Anxiety |
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316 | (1) |
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317 | (1) |
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317 | (4) |
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321 | (1) |
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321 | (1) |
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322 | (1) |
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Use of the Cognitive Interweave Demonstrated |
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322 | (1) |
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323 | (1) |
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323 | (1) |
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Plateau of Responsibility/Defectiveness |
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323 | (2) |
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Plateau of Safety/Vulnerability |
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325 | (1) |
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Plateau of Power/Control (or Choice) |
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326 | (2) |
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328 | (1) |
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328 | (1) |
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329 | (1) |
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Use of Eye Movement Desensitization (EMD) |
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329 | (4) |
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333 | (11) |
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344 | (1) |
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344 | (1) |
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7 Working With Special Populations |
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345 | (26) |
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345 | (1) |
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EMDR With Military and Veteran Populations |
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345 | (8) |
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Sample Session With Veteran |
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346 | (1) |
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347 | (1) |
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347 | (1) |
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Safety/Vulnerability Plateau |
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347 | (1) |
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Responsibility/Action ("I Did Something Wrong") Plateau |
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348 | (2) |
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Control/Power/Choice Plateau |
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350 | (3) |
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353 | (9) |
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Phase 1 History-Taking and Treatment Planning |
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354 | (1) |
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354 | (1) |
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354 | (1) |
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355 | (1) |
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355 | (1) |
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355 | (1) |
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355 | (1) |
|
Subjective Units of Disturbance |
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355 | (1) |
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355 | (1) |
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355 | (1) |
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356 | (1) |
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|
356 | (1) |
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356 | (1) |
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356 | (1) |
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356 | (1) |
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Sample Session With Child |
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356 | (1) |
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|
357 | (2) |
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|
359 | (3) |
|
EMDR With Culturally Diverse Populations |
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|
362 | (5) |
|
Sample Session With a Transgender Female |
|
|
363 | (1) |
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364 | (1) |
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|
365 | (2) |
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367 | (1) |
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|
368 | (3) |
|
8 Resources, Scripts, and Exercises |
|
|
371 | (70) |
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|
371 | (8) |
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371 | (1) |
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371 | (1) |
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372 | (1) |
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373 | (1) |
|
Chin Mudra as an Alternative to Teaching Client Diaphragmatic Breathing |
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|
373 | (1) |
|
|
374 | (1) |
|
|
374 | (1) |
|
|
375 | (1) |
|
Identify the Associated Emotions and Sensations |
|
|
375 | (1) |
|
|
375 | (1) |
|
|
376 | (1) |
|
|
376 | (1) |
|
|
376 | (1) |
|
Self-Cuing With Disturbance |
|
|
377 | (1) |
|
|
377 | (1) |
|
Grounding the Client in the Moment |
|
|
377 | (1) |
|
|
378 | (1) |
|
Preparing the Sacred Space |
|
|
378 | (1) |
|
Getting Comfortable in Sacred Space |
|
|
378 | (1) |
|
Preparing the Way for Wisdom's (or Guidance's) Message |
|
|
378 | (1) |
|
Listening for Wisdom's (or Guidance's) Message |
|
|
379 | (1) |
|
|
379 | (1) |
|
|
379 | (1) |
|
|
380 | (18) |
|
Resource Development Steps---Affect Management and Behavior Change |
|
|
380 | (1) |
|
|
380 | (1) |
|
|
381 | (1) |
|
|
381 | (1) |
|
|
382 | (1) |
|
|
382 | (1) |
|
|
383 | (1) |
|
|
383 | (1) |
|
|
383 | (1) |
|
Steps for Recent Traumatic Events Protocol |
|
|
384 | (1) |
|
|
385 | (3) |
|
|
388 | (1) |
|
|
388 | (1) |
|
Treatment Planning Guide Script |
|
|
389 | (5) |
|
Phobia (and Anxiety) Protocol |
|
|
394 | (1) |
|
Steps for Processing Phobias |
|
|
394 | (4) |
|
|
398 | (1) |
|
C Informed Consent and EMDR Therapy |
|
|
399 | (1) |
|
|
400 | (1) |
|
D EMDR Therapy--Related Resources |
|
|
401 | (5) |
|
EMDR International Association, EMDR Research Foundation, Trauma Recovery/EMDR-Humanitarian Assistance Programs, and the EMDR Institute: What Are the Differences? |
|
|
401 | (1) |
|
EMDR International Association |
|
|
402 | (1) |
|
Trauma Recovery/Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing-Humanitarian Assistance Programs |
|
|
402 | (1) |
|
|
402 | (1) |
|
|
402 | (1) |
|
|
403 | (1) |
|
Resource Development and Installation |
|
|
403 | (1) |
|
|
404 | (1) |
|
Clinical Signs and Symptoms of Dissociative Disorders |
|
|
404 | (1) |
|
Dissociative Experiences Scale |
|
|
405 | (1) |
|
Dissociative Experiences Scale |
|
|
405 | (1) |
|
Dissociative Experiences Scale-II |
|
|
405 | (1) |
|
Scoring the Dissociative Experiences Scale |
|
|
406 | (1) |
|
Interpreting the Dissociative Experiences Scale |
|
|
406 | (1) |
|
|
406 | (1) |
|
|
406 | (1) |
|
|
406 | (2) |
|
E Efficacy of EMDR Therapy |
|
|
408 | (9) |
|
|
417 | (7) |
|
F History of EMDR Therapy and the EMDR Research Foundation |
|
|
424 | (13) |
|
|
437 | (4) |
Glossary |
|
441 | (4) |
Abbreviations |
|
445 | (2) |
Index |
|
447 | |