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E-raamat: Enabling a Simulation Capability in the Organisation

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  • Formaat: PDF+DRM
  • Sari: Decision Engineering
  • Ilmumisaeg: 07-May-2008
  • Kirjastus: Springer London Ltd
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781848001695
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Enabling a Simulation Capability in the OrganisationSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: PDF+DRM
  • Sari: Decision Engineering
  • Ilmumisaeg: 07-May-2008
  • Kirjastus: Springer London Ltd
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781848001695
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The aim of this book is to help enable the use of the technique of simulation modelling in the organisation. There is an emphasis in the book on the implementation of the technique in organisations, rather than a detailed treatment of the mechanics of simulation software execution or the statistical analysis undertaken during a study. The focus in this text is on recent changes in the way simulation is used which have led to its wider use and provide the potential for a continued growth in use. Chapter 1 provides an overview of the technique and gives details of where the technique can be applied in the organisation. Chapter 2 provides evidence of previous and current survey research showing the use of simulation and the challenges ahead if usage is to be increased. A particular area of growth in the use of simulation is in service applications. This has led to an interest in the modelling of human behaviour in addition to the traditional simulation of material and information processes. A framework is presented indicating approaches to the challenge of modelling people in organisations to provide guidance for simulation practitioners. Chapter 3 examines the physical and human resources that are necessary to enable a simulation capability within the organisation.
1 Introduction to Simulation 1
Introduction
1
What is Simulation Modelling?
1
Simulation and Variability
2
Variability
2
Interdependence
3
Why Use Simulation?
4
Disadvantages of the Simulation Method
5
Summary
6
References
6
2 The Usage of Simulation 7
Introduction
7
Published Surveys of the Use of Simulation
7
A Survey of Simulation Use in the UK
9
Where in the Organisation is Simulation Used?
12
Manufacturing Applications
12
Service Applications
13
Modelling Human Behaviour with Simulation
13
Methods of Modelling Human Behaviour
14
Choosing a Method to Model Human Behaviour
17
Summary
17
References
18
3 Acquiring the Resources for Simulation 21
Introduction
21
Steps in Introducing Simulation
21
1. Select Simulation Sponsor
21
2. Evaluate Potential Benefits of Simulation
22
3. Estimate Resource Requirements
22
4. Selecting the Simulation Software Type
23
5. Selecting the Simulation Software Package
26
6. Computer Hardware Requirements
27
7. Training
27
Summary
29
References
29
4 Steps in Building a Simulation Model 31
Introduction
31
1. Formulate the Simulation Project Proposal
31
Determining the Level of Usage of the Simulation Model
31
Managing the Simulation Project
33
The Simulation Project Proposal
36
2. Data Collection
39
Logic Data Required for the Process Map
39
Additional Data Required for the Simulation Model
39
3. Process Mapping
41
Activity Cycle Diagrams
42
Process Maps
42
4. Modelling Input Data
42
Less than 20 Data Points: Estimation
43
20+ Data Points: Deriving a Theoretical Distribution
43
200+ Data Points: Constructing an Empirical Distribution
44
Historical Data Points
44
5. Building the Model
44
6. Validation and Verification
44
Verification
45
Validation
46
7. Experimentation and Analysis
48
Statistical Analysis for Terminating Systems
49
Statistical Analysis for Non-terminating Systems
52
8. Presentation of Results
54
9. Implementation
55
Organisational Context of Implementation
55
Summary
57
References
57
5 Enabling Simulation – Simulation and Process Improvement Methodology 59
Introduction
59
Case Study 1: A Redesign of a Road Traffic Accident Reporting System Using Business Process Simulation
61
Introduction
61
The Road Traffic Accident Case Study
61
The Road Traffic Accident Business Process Simulation
63
Discussion
66
Case Study 2: Using Business Process Simulation Within a Business Process Reengineering Approach
67
Introduction
67
The Custody of Prisoner Process Case Study
67
Discussion
72
Case Study 3: Process Improvement Within a HR Division at a UK Police Force
75
Introduction
75
The HR Division Case Study
75
Discussion
81
Summary
83
References
85
6 Enabling Simulation — Qualitative Simulation 89
Introduction
89
Case Study 4: Using Simulation Modelling to Assess Service Reliability
89
Introduction
89
Case Study
90
The Simulation Study
91
Discussion
97
Case Study 5: The Case for the Organisational Use of Simulation
97
Introduction
97
Case Study
98
The Simulation Study
99
Simulation Model Analysis
100
Simulation Study Results
103
Discussion
103
Case Study 6: Using Simulation for Facility Design
106
Introduction
106
The Case Study
106
The Simulation Study
110
Discussion
114
Summary
115
References
116
7 Enabling Simulation — Simulation and OR Techniques 119
Introduction
119
Case Study 7: A Simulation Analysis of Arrest Costs
121
Introduction
121
Activity Based Costing — Committed and Flexible Resource
122
The Simulation Study
123
Discussion
129
Case Study 8: Using System Dynamics in a Discrete-event Simulation Study
130
Introduction
130
The Manufacturing Process
131
The Discrete-event Simulation Study
133
The System Dynamics Study
136
Discussion
140
Case Study 9: The Use of Data Envelopment Analysis in a Discrete-event Simulation Study
141
Introduction
141
Preliminary Data Analysis
141
The Initial DEA Assessment
142
Further Investigations
142
Simulation Case Study: The Redesign of the Crime Arrest Process at a UK Police Force
143
Discussion
144
Summary
145
References
146
Index 151
Andrew Greasley is a lecturer in Information Systems, Operational Research and Statistics in the Operations and Information Management Group at Aston Business School, UK.
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