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E-raamat: Engineering Acoustics: Noise and Vibration Control

(Auburn University), (University Austral, Chile)
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"A comprehensive evaluation of the basic theory for acoustics, noise and vibration control together with fundamentals of how this theoretical material can be applied to real world problems in the control of noise and vibration in aircraft, appliances, buildings, industry, and vehicles. The basic theory is presented in elementary form and only of sufficient complication necessary to solve real practical problems. Unnecessary advanced theoretical approaches are not included. In addition to the fundamental material discussed, chapters are included on human hearing and response to noise and vibration, acoustics and vibration transducers, instrumentation, noise and vibration measurements, and practical discussions concerning : community noise and vibration, interior and exterior noise of aircraft, road and rail vehicles, machinery noise and vibration sources, noise and vibration in rapid transit rail vehicles, automobiles, trucks, off road vehicles, and ships. In addition, extensive up to date useful references are included at the end of each chapter for further reading. The book concludes with a glossary on acoustics, noise and vibration"--

A comprehensive evaluation of the basic theory for acoustics, noise and vibration control together with fundamentals of how this theoretical material can be applied to real world problems in the control of noise and vibration in aircraft, appliances, buildings, industry, and vehicles. The basic theory is presented in elementary form and only of sufficient complication necessary to solve real practical problems. Unnecessary advanced theoretical approaches are not included. In addition to the fundamental material discussed, chapters are included on human hearing and response to noise and vibration, acoustics and vibration transducers, instrumentation, noise and vibration measurements, and practical discussions concerning: community noise and vibration, interior and exterior noise of aircraft, road and rail vehicles, machinery noise and vibration sources, noise and vibration in rapid transit rail vehicles, automobiles, trucks, off road vehicles, and ships. In addition, extensive up to date useful references are included at the end of each chapter for further reading. The book concludes with a glossary on acoustics, noise and vibration

Arvustused

"This book is an excellent source of information for all those who want to learn or deepen their knowledge of acoustics and vibration engineering" Michael Voerlander, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

"A much-needed textbook that is on par with the best noise control books." David Herrin, Noise Control Engr. J. 70 (6), November-December 2022

"To mention a particular highlight, Chapter 12 contains an introduction to the method of statistical energy analysis (SEA)" Jens Blauert, International Journal of Acoustics and Vibration, Vol. 26, No. 2, 2021

Series Preface xix
Preface xxi
Acknowledgements xxiii
1 Introduction
1(18)
1.1 Introduction
1(1)
1.2 Types of Noise and Vibration Signals
1(2)
1.2.1 Stationary Signals
2(1)
1.2.2 Nonstationary Signals
2(1)
1.3 Frequency Analysis
3(7)
1.3.1 Fourier Series
3(3)
1.3.2 Nonperiodic Functions and the Fourier Spectrum
6(1)
1.3.3 Random Noise
6(2)
1.3.4 Mean Square Values
8(1)
1.3.5 Energy and Power Spectral Densities
9(1)
1.4 Frequency Analysis Using Filters
10(5)
1.5 Fast Fourier Transform Analysis
15(2)
References
17(2)
2 Vibration of Simple and Continuous Systems
19(30)
2.1 Introduction
19(1)
2.2 Simple Harmonic Motion
19(4)
2.2.1 Period, Frequency, and Phase
20(1)
2.2.2 Velocity and Acceleration
21(2)
2.3 Vibrating Systems
23(7)
2.3.1 Mass-Spring System
23(7)
2.4 Multi-Degree of Freedom Systems
30(8)
2.4.1 Free Vibration - Undamped
31(3)
2.4.2 Forced Vibration - Undamped
34(2)
2.4.3 Effect of Damping
36(2)
2.5 Continuous Systems
38(8)
2.5.1 Vibration of Beams
38(3)
2.5.2 Vibration of Thin Plates
41(5)
References
46(3)
3 Sound Generation and Propagation
49(46)
3.1 Introduction
49(1)
3.2 Wave Motion
49(1)
3.3 Plane Sound Waves
50(6)
3.3.1 Sound Pressure
54(1)
3.3.2 Particle Velocity
54(1)
3.3.3 Impedance and Sound Intensity
55(1)
3.3.4 Energy Density
55(1)
3.3.5 Sound Power
56(1)
3.4 Decibels and Levels
56(4)
3.4.1 Sound Pressure Level
56(1)
3.4.2 Sound Power Level
57(1)
3.4.3 Sound Intensity Level
57(1)
3.4.4 Combination of Decibels
58(2)
3.5 Three-dimensional Wave Equation
60(1)
3.6 Sources of Sound
61(2)
3.6.1 Sound Intensity
63(1)
3.7 Sound Power of Sources
63(4)
3.7.1 Sound Power of Idealized Sound Sources
63(4)
3.8 Sound Sources Above a Rigid Hard Surface
67(1)
3.9 Directivity
68(3)
3.9.1 Directivity Factor (Q(θ, φ))
70(1)
3.9.2 Directivity Index
71(1)
3.10 Line Sources
71(1)
3.11 Reflection, Refraction, Scattering, and Diffraction
72(2)
3.12 Ray Acoustics
74(1)
3.13 Energy Acoustics
75(1)
3.14 Near Field, Far Field, Direct Field, and Reverberant Field
76(4)
3.14.1 Reverberation
76(1)
3.14.2 Sound Absorption
77(1)
3.14.3 Reverberation Time
78(2)
3.15 Room Equation
80(2)
3.15.1 Critical Distance
81(1)
3.15.2 Noise Reduction
82(1)
3.16 Sound Radiation From Idealized Structures
82(3)
3.17 Standing Waves
85(6)
3.18 Waveguides
91(1)
3.19 Other Approaches
92(1)
3.19.1 Acoustical Lumped Elements
92(1)
3.19.2 Numerical Approaches: Finite Elements and Boundary Elements
92(1)
3.19.3 Acoustic Modeling Using Equivalent Circuits
93(1)
References
93(2)
4 Human Hearing, Speech and Psychoacoustics
95(30)
4.1 Introduction
95(1)
4.2 Construction of Ear and Its Working
95(4)
4.2.1 Construction of the Ear
95(3)
4.2.2 Working of the Ear Mechanism
98(1)
4.2.3 Theories of Hearing
98(1)
4.3 Subjective Response
99(17)
4.3.1 Hearing Envelope
99(1)
4.3.2 Loudness Measurement
99(4)
4.3.3 Masking
103(4)
4.3.4 Pitch
107(1)
4.3.5 Weighted Sound Pressure Levels
108(3)
4.3.6 Critical Bands
111(1)
4.3.7 Frequency (Bark)
112(1)
4.3.8 Zwicker Loudness
113(2)
4.3.9 Loudness Adaptation IJ5
4.3.10 Empirical Loudness Meter
115(1)
4.4 Hearing Loss and Diseases (Disorders)
116(2)
4.4.1 Conduction Hearing Loss
116(1)
4.4.2 Sensory-Neural Hearing Loss
117(1)
4.4.3 Presbycusis
118(1)
4.5 Speech Production
118(4)
References
122(3)
5 Effects of Noise, Vibration, and Shock on People
125(30)
5.1 Introduction
125(1)
5.2 Sleep Disturbance
125(1)
5.3 Annoyance
126(1)
5.4 Cardiovascular Effects
127(2)
5.5 Cognitive Impairment
129(1)
5.6 Infrasound, Low-Frequency Noise, and Ultrasound
130(1)
5.7 Intense Noise and Hearing Loss
131(3)
5.7.1 Theories for Noise-Induced Hearing Loss
132(1)
5.7.2 Impulsive and Impact Noise
133(1)
5.8 Occupational Noise Regulations
134(6)
5.8.1 Daily Noise Dose and Time-Weighted Average Calculation
137(3)
5.9 Hearing Protection
140(4)
5.9.1 Hearing Protectors
140(3)
5.9.2 Hearing Conservation Programs
143(1)
5.10 Effects of Vibration on People
144(3)
5.11 Metrics to Evaluate Effects of Vibration and Shock on People
147(4)
5.11.1 Acceleration Frequency Weightings
147(1)
5.11.2 Whole-Body Vibration Dose Value
147(2)
5.11.3 Evaluation ol Hand-Transmitted Vibration
149(2)
References
151(4)
6 Description, Criteria, and Procedures Used to Determine Human Response to Noise and Vibration
155(34)
6.1 Introduction
155(1)
6.2 Loudness and Annoyance
155(1)
6.3 Loudness and Loudness Level
156(1)
6.4 Noisiness and Perceived Noise Level
157(3)
6.4.1 Noisiness
157(2)
6.4.2 Effective Perceived Noise Level
159(1)
6.5 Articulation Index and Speech Intelligibility Index
160(1)
6.6 Speech Interference Level
161(1)
6.7 Indoor Noise Criteria
162(4)
6.7.1 NC Curves
162(1)
6.7.2 NR Curves
163(1)
6.7.3 RC Curves
163(2)
6.7.4 Balanced NC Curves
165(1)
6.8 Equivalent Continuous SPL
166(1)
6.9 Sound Exposure Level
167(1)
6.10 Day-Night Equivalent SPL
168(2)
6.11 Percentile SPLs
170(1)
6.12 Evaluation of Aircraft Noise
170(2)
6.12.1 Composite Noise Rating
171(1)
6.12.2 Noise Exposure Forecast
172(1)
6.12.3 Noise and Number Index
172(1)
6.12.4 Equivalent A-Weighted SPL Leq, Day-Night Level Ldn, and Day-Evening-Night Level Lden
172(1)
6.13 Evaluation of Traffic Noise
172(2)
6.13.1 Traffic Noise Index
172(1)
6.13.2 Noise Pollution Level
173(1)
6.13.3 Equivalent SPL
173(1)
6.14 Evaluation of Community Noise
174(1)
6.15 Human Response
175(5)
6.15.1 Sleep Interference
175(1)
6.15.2 Annoyance
176(4)
6.16 Noise Criteria and Noise Regulations
180(2)
6.16.1 Noise Criteria
180(2)
6.17 Human Vibration Criteria
182(3)
6.17.1 Human Comfort in Buildings
182(2)
6.17.2 Effect of Vibration on Buildings
184(1)
References
185(4)
7 Noise and Vibration Transducers, Signal Processing, Analysis, and Measurements
189(28)
7.1 Introduction
189(1)
7.2 Typical Measurement Systems
189(1)
7.3 Transducers
190(1)
7.3.1 Transducer Characteristics
191(1)
7.3.2 Sensitivity
191(2)
7.3.3 Dynamic Range
193(2)
7.3.4 Frequency Response
195(1)
7.4 Noise Measurements
195(1)
7.4.1 Types of Microphones for Noise Measurements
196(3)
7.4.2 Directivity
199(1)
7.4.3 Transducer Calibration
199(3)
7.5 Vibration Measurements
202(9)
7.5.1 Principle of Seismic Mass Transducers
203(3)
7.5.2 Piezoelectric Accelerometers
206(2)
7.5.3 Measurement Difficulties
208(3)
7.5.4 Calibration, Metrology, and Traceability of Shock and Vibration Transducers
211(1)
7.6 Signal Analysis, Data Processing, and Specialized Noise And Vibration Measurements
211(3)
7.6.1 Signal Analysis and Data Processing
211(1)
7.6.2 Sound Level Meters (SLMs) and Dosimeters
211(1)
7.6.3 Sound Power and Sound Intensity
212(1)
7.6.4 Modal Analysis
212(1)
7.6.5 Condition Monitoring
213(1)
7.6.6 Advanced Noise and Vibration Analysis and Measurement Techniques
213(1)
References
214(3)
8 Sound Intensity, Measurements and Determination of Sound Power, Noise Source Identification, and Transmission Loss
217(70)
8.1 Introduction
217(1)
8.2 Historical Developments in the Measurement of Sound Pressure and Sound Intensity
217(4)
8.3 Theoretical Background
221(2)
8.4 Characteristics of Sound Fields
223(5)
8.4.1 Active and Reactive Intensity
223(1)
8.4.2 Plane Progressive Waves
223(2)
8.4.3 Standing Waves
225(1)
8.4.4 Vibrating Piston in a Tube
226(2)
8.5 Active and Reactive Sound Fields
228(4)
8.5.1 The Monopole Source
228(2)
8.5.2 The Dipole Source
230(1)
8.5.3 General Case
230(2)
8.6 Measurement of Sound Intensity
232(21)
8.6.1 The p-p Method
232(14)
8.6.2 The p-u Method
246(5)
8.6.3 The Surface Intensity Method
251(2)
8.7 Applications
253(22)
8.7.1 Sound Power Determination
255(4)
8.7.2 Noise Source Identification
259(1)
8.7.3 Noise Source Identification on a Diesel Engine Using Sound Intensity
259(6)
8.7.4 Measurements of the Transmission Loss of Structures Using Sound Intensity
265(10)
8.8 Comparison Between Sound Power Measurements Using Sound Intensity and Sound Pressure Methods
275(5)
8.8.1 Sound Intensity Method
277(1)
8.8.2 Sound Pressure Method
278(2)
8.9 Standards for Sound Intensity Measurements
280(2)
References
282(5)
9 Principles of Noise and Vibration Control
287(64)
9.1 Introduction
287(1)
9.2 Systematic Approach to Noise Problems
287(3)
9.2.1 Noise and Vibration Source Identification
288(2)
9.2.2 Noise Reduction Techniques
290(1)
9.3 Use of Vibration Isolators
290(6)
9.3.1 Theory of Vibration Isolation
291(3)
9.3.2 Machine Vibration
294(1)
9.3.3 Use of Inertia Blocks
295(1)
9.3.4 Other Considerations
296(1)
9.4 Use of Damping Materials
296(4)
9.4.1 Unconstrained Damping Layer
298(1)
9.4.2 Constrained Damping Layer
299(1)
9.5 Use of Sound Absorption
300(19)
9.5.1 Sound Absorption Coefficient
300(1)
9.5.2 Noise Reduction Coefficient
300(1)
9.5.3 Absorption by Porous Fibrous Materials
301(5)
9.5.4 Panel or Membrane Absorbers
306(1)
9.5.5 Helmholtz Resonator Absorbers
307(3)
9.5.6 Perforated Panel Absorbers
310(2)
9.5.7 Slit Absorbers
312(2)
9.5.8 Suspended Absorbers
314(1)
9.5.9 Acoustical Spray-on Materials
314(1)
9.5.10 Acoustical Plaster
315(1)
9.5.11 Measurement of Sound Absorption Coefficients
316(1)
9.5.12 Optimization of the Reverberation Time
316(2)
9.5.13 Reduction of the Sound Pressure Level in Reverberant Fields
318(1)
9.6 Acoustical Enclosures
319(11)
9.6.1 Reverberant Sound Field Model for Enclosures
319(1)
9.6.2 Machine Enclosure in Free Field
320(1)
9.6.3 Simple Enclosure Design Assuming Diffuse Reverberant Sound Fields
321(4)
9.6.4 Close-Fitting Enclosures
325(2)
9.6.5 Partial Enclosures
327(1)
9.6.6 Other Considerations
328(2)
9.7 Use of Barriers
330(9)
9.7.1 Transmission Loss of Barriers
334(1)
9.7.2 Use of Barriers Indoors
334(3)
9.7.3 Reflections from the Ground
337(1)
9.7.4 Use of Barriers Outdoors
338(1)
9.8 Active Noise and Vibration Control
339(5)
References
344(7)
10 Mufflers and Silencers - Absorbent and Reactive Types
351(76)
10.1 Introduction
351(1)
10.2 Muffler Classification
351(1)
10.3 Definitions of Muffler Performance
352(1)
10.4 Reactive Mufflers
352(2)
10.5 Historical Development of Reactive Muffler Theories
354(4)
10.6 Classical Reactive Muffler Theory
358(16)
10.6.1 Transmission Line Theory
358(1)
10.6.2 TL of Resonators
359(9)
10.6.3 NACA 1192 Study on Reactive Muffler TL
368(3)
10.6.4 Transfer Matrix Theory
371(3)
10.7 Exhaust System Modeling
374(3)
10.7.1 Transmission Loss
374(1)
10.7.2 Insertion Loss
375(1)
10.7.3 Sound Pressure Radiated from Tailpipe
376(1)
10.8 Tail Pipe Radiation Impedance, Source Impedance and Source Strength
377(3)
10.8.1 Tail Pipe Radiation
377(1)
10.8.2 Internal Combustion Engine Impedance and Source Strength
378(2)
10.9 Numerical Modeling of Muffler Acoustical Performance
380(23)
10.9.1 Finite Element Analysis
380(8)
10.9.2 Boundary Element Analysis
388(8)
10.9.3 TL of Concentric Tube Resonators
396(7)
10.10 Reactive Muffler IL
403(1)
10.11 Measurements of Source Impedance
403(3)
10.12 Dissipative Mufflers and Lined Ducts
406(1)
10.13 Historical Development of Dissipative Mufflers and Lined Duct Theories
406(1)
10.14 Parallel-Baffle Mufflers
407(13)
10.14.1 Embleton's Method [ 8]
408(1)
10.14.2 Ver's Method [ 11, 12, 136]
409(2)
10.14.3 Ingard's Method [ 149]
411(3)
10.14.4 Bies and Hansen Method [ 14]
414(1)
10.14.5 Mechel's Design Curves [ 152]
415(1)
10.14.6 Ramakrishnan and Watson Curves [ 151]
416(2)
10.14.7 Finite Element Approach for Attenuation of Parallel-Baffle Mufflers
418(2)
References
420(7)
11 Noise and Vibration Control of Machines
427(38)
11.1 Introduction
427(1)
11.2 Machine Element Noise and Vibration Sources and Control
427(16)
11.2.1 Gears
427(3)
11.2.2 Bearings
430(3)
11.2.3 Fans and Blowers
433(5)
11.2.4 Metal Cutting
438(1)
11.2.5 Woodworking
439(4)
11.3 Built-up Machines
443(11)
11.3.1 Internal Combustion Engines
443(1)
11.3.2 Electric Motors and Electrical Equipment
444(2)
11.3.3 Compressors
446(4)
11.3.4 Pumps
450(4)
11.4 Noise Due to Fluid Flow
454(5)
11.4.1 Valve-Induced Noise
454(2)
11.4.2 Hydraulic System Noise
456(2)
11.4.3 Furnace and Burner Noise
458(1)
11.5 Noise Control of Industrial Production Machinery
459(1)
11.5.1 Machine Tool Noise, Vibration, and Chatter
459(1)
11.5.2 Sound Power Level for Industrial Machinery
460(1)
References
460(5)
12 Noise and Vibration Control in Buildings
465(92)
12.1 Introduction
465(1)
12.2 Sound Transmission Theory for Single Panels
466(10)
12.2.1 Mass-Law Transmission Loss
466(3)
12.2.2 Random Incidence Transmission Loss
469(5)
12.2.3 The Coincidence Effect
474(2)
12.3 Sound Transmission for Double and Multiple Panels
476(8)
12.3.1 Sound Transmission Through Infinite Double Panels
476(1)
12.3.2 London's Theory
477(3)
12.3.3 Empirical Approach
480(4)
12.4 Sound and Vibration Transmission and Structural Response Using Statistical Energy Analysis (SEA)
484(24)
12.4.1 Introduction
484(1)
12.4.2 SEA Fundamentals and Assumptions
484(12)
12.4.3 Power Flow Between Coupled Systems
496(1)
12.4.4 Modal Behavior of Panel
496(1)
12.4.5 Use of SEA to Predict Sound Transmission Through Panels or Partitions
497(6)
12.4.6 Design of Enclosures Using SEA
503(3)
12.4.7 Optimization of Enclosure Attenuation
506(2)
12.4.8 SEA Computer Codes
508(1)
12.5 Transmission Through Composite Walls
508(3)
12.6 Effects of Leaks and Flanking Transmission
511(3)
12.7 Sound Transmission Measurement Techniques
514(6)
12.7.1 Laboratory Methods of Measuring Transmission Loss
514(5)
12.7.2 Measurements of Transmission Loss in the Field
519(1)
12.8 Single-Number Ratings for Partitions
520(3)
12.9 Impact Sound Transmission
523(4)
12.9.1 Laboratory and Field Measurements of Impact Transmission
524(2)
12.9.2 Rating of Impact Sound Transmission
526(1)
12.10 Measured Airborne and Impact Sound Transmission (Insulation) Data
527(7)
12.10.1 Gypsum Board Walls
528(1)
12.10.2 Masonry Walls
528(2)
12.10.3 Airborne and Impact Insulation of Floors
530(3)
12.10.4 Doors and Windows
533(1)
12.11 Sound Insulation Requirements
534(7)
12.12 Control of Vibration of Buildings Caused by Strong Wind
541(8)
12.12.1 Wind Excitation of Buildings
542(2)
12.12.2 Structural Vibration Response of Buildings and Towers
544(2)
12.12.3 Methods of Building Structure Vibration Reduction and Control
546(2)
12.12.4 Human Response to Vibration and Acceptability Criteria
548(1)
References
549(8)
13 Design of Air-conditioning Systems for Noise and Vibration Control
557(76)
13.1 Introduction
557(1)
13.2 Interior Noise Level Design Criteria
558(1)
13.3 General Features of a Ventilation System
558(7)
13.3.1 HVAC Systems in Residential Homes
559(1)
13.3.2 HVAC Systems in Large Buildings
559(3)
13.3.3 Correct and Incorrect Installation of HVAC Systems
562(2)
13.3.4 Sources of Noise and Causes of Complaints in HVAC Systems
564(1)
13.4 Fan Noise
565(16)
13.4.1 Types of Fans Used in HVAC Systems
568(1)
13.4.2 Blade passing Frequency (BPF)
569(2)
13.4.3 Fan Efficiency
571(2)
13.4.4 Sound Power and Frequency Content of Fans
573(1)
13.4.5 Sound Power Levels of Fans and Predictions
574(1)
13.4.6 Prediction of Fan Sound Power Level
575(2)
13.4.7 Importance of Proper Installation of Centrifugal Fans
577(2)
13.4.8 Terminal Units (CAV, VAV, and Fan-Powered VAV Boxes)
579(2)
13.5 Space Planning
581(2)
13.6 Mechanical Room Noise and Vibration Control
583(15)
13.6.1 Use of Floating Floors
584(4)
13.6.2 Vibration Control of Equipment
588(1)
13.6.3 Selection of Vibration Isolators
588(8)
13.6.4 Vibration Isolation of Ducts, Pipes, and Wiring
596(2)
13.7 Sound Attenuation in Ventilation Systems
598(16)
13.7.1 Use of Fiberglass in Plenum Chambers, Mufflers, and HVAC Ducts
598(1)
13.7.2 Attenuation of Plenum Chambers
598(5)
13.7.3 Duct Attenuation
603(4)
13.7.4 Sound Attenuators (Silencers)
607(2)
13.7.5 Branches and Power Splits
609(1)
13.7.6 Attenuation Due to End Reflection
610(3)
13.7.7 Attenuation by Miter Bends
613(1)
13.8 Sound Generation in Mechanical Systems
614(7)
13.8.1 Elbow Noise
614(3)
13.8.2 Take-off Noise
617(1)
13.8.3 Grille Noise
618(2)
13.8.4 Diffuser Noise
620(1)
13.8.5 Damper Noise
620(1)
13.9 Radiated Noise
621(10)
13.9.1 Duct-Radiated Noise
623(1)
13.9.2 Sound Breakout and Breakin From Ducts
624(3)
13.9.3 Mixing Box Radiated Noise
627(1)
13.9.4 Radiation From Fan Plenum Walls
628(1)
13.9.5 Overall Sound Pressure Level Prediction
628(3)
References
631(2)
14 Surface Transportation Noise and Vibration Sources and Control
633(28)
14.1 Introduction
633(1)
14.2 Automobile and Truck Noise Sources and Control
633(11)
14.2.1 Power Plant Noise and Its Control
635(4)
14.2.2 Intake and Exhaust Noise and Muffler Design
639(1)
14.2.3 Tire/Road Noise Sources and Control
640(2)
14.2.4 Aerodynamic Noise Sources on Vehicles
642(1)
14.2.5 Gearbox Noise and Vibration
643(1)
14.2.6 Brake Noise Prediction and Control
644(1)
14.3 Interior Road Vehicle Cabin Noise
644(6)
14.3.1 Automobiles and Trucks
644(5)
14.3.2 Off-Road Vehicles
649(1)
14.4 Railroad and Rapid Transit Vehicle Noise and Vibration Sources
650(4)
14.4.1 Wheel-Rail Interaction Noise
650(1)
14.4.2 Interior Rail Vehicle Cabin Noise
651(3)
14.5 Noise And Vibration Control in Ships
654(2)
References
656(5)
15 Aircraft and Airport Transportation Noise Sources and Control
661(16)
15.1 Introduction
661(1)
15.2 Jet Engine Noise Sources and Control
661(2)
15.3 Propeller and Rotor Noise Sources and Control
663(1)
15.4 Helicopter and Rotor Noise
663(3)
15.5 Aircraft Cabin Noise and Vibration and Its Control
666(3)
15.5.1 Passive Noise and Vibration Control
666(2)
15.5.2 Active Noise and Vibration Control
668(1)
15.6 Airport Noise Control
669(4)
15.6.1 Noise Control at the Source
669(1)
15.6.2 Airport-specific Noise Control Measures
670(3)
References
673(4)
16 Community Noise and Vibration Sources
677(28)
16.1 Introduction
677(1)
16.2 Assessment of Community Noise Annoyance
677(3)
16.3 Community Noise and Vibration Sources and Control
680(9)
16.3.1 Traffic Noise Sources
680(3)
16.3.2 Rail System Noise Sources
683(1)
16.3.3 Ground-Borne Vibration Transmission from Road and Rail Systems
683(1)
16.3.4 Aircraft and Airport Noise Prediction and Control
684(3)
16.3.5 Off-road Vehicle and Construction Equipment Exterior Noise Prediction and Control
687(1)
16.3.6 Industrial and Commercial Noise in the Community
688(1)
16.3.7 Construction and Building Site Noise
688(1)
16.4 Environmental Impact Assessment
689(1)
16.5 Environmental Noise and Vibration Attenuation
690(4)
16.5.1 Attenuation Provided by Barriers, Earth Berms, Buildings, and Vegetation
690(2)
16.5.2 Base Isolation of Buildings for Control of Ground-Borne Vibration
692(1)
16.5.3 Noise Control Using Porous Road Surfaces
693(1)
16.6 City Planning for Noise and Vibration Reduction and Soundscape Concepts
694(5)
16.6.1 Community Noise Ordinances
694(3)
16.6.2 Recommendations for Urban Projects
697(1)
16.6.3 Strategic Noise Maps
697(1)
16.6.4 Soundscapes
698(1)
References
699(6)
Glossary 705(32)
Index 737
Malcolm J. Crocker obtained his Bachelors degree in Aeronautical Engineering and Masters degree in Noise and Vibration Studies from Southampton University and his PhD in Acoustics from Liverpool University. He worked at Supermarine and Vickers Armstrong Aircraft, UK, and at Wyle Labs, Huntsville, USA on the Lunar Saturn V launch noise. He has held full professor positions at Purdue, Sydney, and Auburn. At Auburn he served as Mechanical Engineering Department Head and Distinguished University Professor. He has published over 300 papers in refereed journals and conference proceedings and written eight books including the award-winning Encyclopedia of Acoustics, Handbook of Acoustics, and Handbook of Noise and Vibration Control for Wiley. Crocker served as one of the four founding directors of I-INCE and one of the four founding directors of IIAV. He was general chair of INTER-NOISE 72. He served for 40 years as Editor-in-Chief of the Noise Control Engineering Journal and the International Journal of Acoustics and Vibration. He has numerous awards including three honorary doctorates in Russia and Romania and is fellow and/or distinguished fellow of ASA, IIAV and ASME. He received the 2017 ASME Per Bruel Gold Medal for contributions to noise control and acoustics.

Jorge P. Arenas, Professor and former director of the Institute of Acoustics, University Austral of Chile, and Fellow of the International Institute of Acoustics and Vibration (IIAV). He received a degree in Acoustical Engineering in 1988 and his MSc in Physics in 1996 both from Univ. Austral, Chile. In 2001, he obtained a PhD in Mechanical Engineering from Auburn University in the USA. He also gained professional experience at the Institute of Acoustics in Madrid, Spain, and at the University of Southampton in the UK. He has served as the President of the IIAV (2016-2018) and he is currently the Editor-in-Chief of the International Journal of Acoustics and Vibration and a member of the editorial board of the journals Shock and Vibration and Applied Acoustics.