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xiii | |
Biography |
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xv | |
Preface |
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xvii | |
Acknowledgment |
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xix | |
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1 Case Studies in Engineering Evidence |
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3 | (1) |
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3 | (1) |
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4 | (1) |
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4 | (1) |
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Definitions of the Terms in Evidence |
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5 | (1) |
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Qualifying an Engineering Expert |
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5 | (3) |
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8 | (1) |
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Evidence used as the Basis of Opinion by an Expert |
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9 | (1) |
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10 | (1) |
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10 | (1) |
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11 | (1) |
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Case Study: The Testimony of a Witness to a Semi/Car Accident |
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11 | (3) |
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Case Study: The ALLEGED Trip and Fall of an Elderly Person |
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14 | (1) |
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Case Study: The Electric Shock of a Workman |
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15 | (1) |
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Case Study: The Failure of a Weld in a Pressure Vessel |
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16 | (2) |
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Case Study: Surveillance Tape Evidence |
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18 | (1) |
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Case Study: A Jack Failure |
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19 | (1) |
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Case Study: An Electrical Fire |
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19 | (3) |
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Case Study: An Automotive Fire |
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22 | (1) |
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Case Study: A Natural Gas Explosion |
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22 | (2) |
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Case Study: The Fall of a Child from a Chair |
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24 | (3) |
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Case Study: A Parasailing Accident |
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27 | (2) |
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Case Study: Evidence of Bullet Hole Sequence |
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29 | (1) |
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Case Study: Injury from a Closing Elevator Door |
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29 | (1) |
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Case Study: Who Was Driving? |
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30 | (3) |
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2 Assessing Methodology of Engineering Experts Introduction |
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33 | (8) |
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Qualification of an Expert Witness |
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35 | (1) |
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Issues for Forensic Engineering Expert Testimony |
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36 | (1) |
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Falsifiability and Testability of the Underlying Theory or Technique |
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36 | (1) |
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37 | (1) |
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General Acceptance and Peer Review |
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38 | (1) |
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39 | (2) |
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3 The Breadth of Engineering Standards Introduction |
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41 | (16) |
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42 | (2) |
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General Admissibility of Standards |
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44 | (3) |
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Standards as the Basis of ah Expert's Opinion |
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47 | (2) |
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Standards as Basis for Finding No Liability |
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49 | (2) |
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Standards Used to Satisfy the Daubert Requirement of Reliability |
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51 | (2) |
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53 | (1) |
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Challenging the Sufficiency of an Standard |
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53 | (1) |
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Standards Used to Establish an Express Warranty |
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54 | (1) |
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55 | (2) |
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4 Forensic Engineering Standards Seminars and Legal Seminars Focusing on Forensic Engineering Chapter Initiatives |
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57 | (12) |
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An Introduction to Two Seminar Types |
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57 | (1) |
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An Example Using Wiitala Versus FORD |
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57 | (4) |
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Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 209 and the Two Seminar Types |
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61 | (3) |
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A Comparison of Materials for Forensic Engineering and Legal Seminars |
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64 | (2) |
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FMVSS 571.209: Possible Materials for a Litigator's Seminar |
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66 | (1) |
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Some Issues Impacting a Legal Seminar Using Wiitala |
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66 | (1) |
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A Review of Some Available Resources |
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67 | (1) |
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68 | (1) |
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5 An Environmental Engineering Case Study |
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69 | (2) |
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71 | (2) |
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The Standards-Setting Process |
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73 | (1) |
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74 | (1) |
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75 | (4) |
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6 Engineering Standards in Electric Shock |
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Anatomy of Electric Shocks: An Introduction |
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79 | (3) |
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Codes, Standards, and Generally Accepted Principles |
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82 | (1) |
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De facto Standards and Design Alternatives: Industry Awareness |
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83 | (2) |
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85 | (7) |
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92 | (2) |
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94 | (1) |
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7 Carbon Monoxide, HVAC Standards, and Building Envelope Litigation The Case |
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95 | (8) |
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95 | (1) |
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Ventilation and Filtration |
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95 | (1) |
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95 | (2) |
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97 | (2) |
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99 | (2) |
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101 | (2) |
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8 Standards in Slip, Trip, and Fall Litigation A Trip and Fall Case Study |
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103 | (22) |
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Walking Surface Slip Resistance |
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105 | (1) |
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106 | (3) |
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Visualizing Slip Resistance Using the FT Force |
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109 | (1) |
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Calculating the Microhysteretic Slip Resistance Force, FHs |
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110 | (1) |
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Slip Resistance Requirements for Pedestrian Ambulation |
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111 | (2) |
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Quantifying Slip Resistance Scientifically Using Eq. (8.3) |
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113 | (1) |
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Possible Use of the British Pendulum Device to Measure FHs |
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114 | (1) |
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A Slip and Fall Case Study |
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114 | (3) |
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117 | (1) |
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117 | (2) |
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119 | (1) |
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Forensic Analysis on the Basis of the Empirical, Coefficient of Friction Approach |
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119 | (1) |
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Accounting for Unrepresentative, Wet, Coefficient of Friction Test Results |
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120 | (1) |
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Relevance of the Sticktion Issue to the Frazza Case |
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121 | (1) |
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Nationally Recognized Standards for the Use of Mats |
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122 | (1) |
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123 | (2) |
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9 Engineering Standards in Construction Litigation Engineering Standards on the Construction Site |
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125 | (16) |
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The Project Engineer and Compliance |
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126 | (1) |
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126 | (1) |
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A Classic Example of Power Line Equipment Contact |
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126 | (1) |
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A Case Study in Construction Accident Litigation |
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127 | (1) |
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A Case Study Illustrating the Dangers of Construction Maintenance |
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128 | (1) |
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129 | (6) |
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An Engineering Evaluation of the Document |
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135 | (1) |
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Questions for Review by the US Supreme Court in Collins |
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135 | (1) |
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136 | (2) |
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138 | (1) |
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138 | (1) |
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138 | (3) |
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10 Engineering Standards in Transportation Litigation Introduction |
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141 | (14) |
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142 | (11) |
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153 | (2) |
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11 National Fire Protection Association Standards in Fire Litigation |
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155 | (1) |
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155 | (3) |
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NFPA 58 and the History of Odorization |
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158 | (1) |
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Unknown Dangers to the Consumers of Gas Products |
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158 | (1) |
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Propane: A Colorless, Odorless, and Tasteless Gas |
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159 | (1) |
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A Brief Look at the Chemistry of the Life of Mercaptan Odorants |
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159 | (1) |
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Odorant Loss From Absorption/Adsorption |
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159 | (1) |
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Combustible Gas Indicators |
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159 | (2) |
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Kirk Versus ACME Propane et al.: A Case Study of a Propane Gas Explosion |
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161 | (3) |
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164 | (1) |
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165 | (2) |
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167 | (1) |
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167 | (1) |
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167 | (1) |
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167 | (1) |
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167 | (1) |
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168 | (1) |
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168 | (1) |
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12 Engineering Standards in Electrical Fire Investigations Introduction |
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169 | (10) |
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169 | (1) |
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170 | (9) |
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13 Engineering Standards in Geotechnical Investigations Introduction |
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179 | (10) |
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179 | (4) |
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Mat Bearing Capacity and Settlement |
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183 | (1) |
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Cold Region Foundation Design and Permafrost Engineering |
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184 | (3) |
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Closing Comment on This Hypothetical Case Study |
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187 | (2) |
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14 Engineering Standards in Weld Failure |
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189 | (1) |
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Failures of Weldments in Service |
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189 | (1) |
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Standards and Industry Practices |
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190 | (1) |
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190 | (1) |
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An Initial Case Study in Welding Failure |
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190 | (1) |
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191 | (1) |
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191 | (1) |
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Engineering and the Testimony of the Experts |
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191 | (1) |
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192 | (1) |
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Opinion by Circuit Judge Moore |
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193 | (1) |
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194 | (1) |
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The Plaintiff's Case Against Kewanee |
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195 | (1) |
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Kewanee's Case Against Burnham |
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196 | (1) |
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The Law of the State of New York |
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196 | (2) |
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Applying the Law of the State of New York |
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198 | (1) |
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198 | (1) |
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15 Engineering Standards in Highway Design Litigation |
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199 | (1) |
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Questions That Can Be Asked of Anyone in the Highway Design Field |
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200 | (1) |
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State Roadway Design Manuals |
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201 | (1) |
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202 | (1) |
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Decisions Prior to the Design Process |
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203 | (1) |
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Types of Highway Design Projects |
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203 | (1) |
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203 | (1) |
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Modern Studies, Analyses for Highway Design |
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204 | (1) |
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205 | (1) |
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Highway Design Litigation |
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205 | (1) |
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AASHTO, The Green Book, ITE, and the Evolution of Highway Design |
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206 | (6) |
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Tort Law and Traffic: The Rise and Fall of Sovereign Immunity |
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212 | (1) |
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Analysis: Does Tort Law Really Mandate High-Speed Street Design? |
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213 | (1) |
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Discretionary Function Immunity |
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214 | (1) |
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The "Broad Policy Factors" Test |
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214 | (1) |
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214 | (2) |
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The Role of Institute of Transportation Engineers Guidelines |
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216 | (1) |
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Can American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials Guidelines Prevent Reliance on Discretionary Immunity? |
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216 | (2) |
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Even in the Absence of Immunity, the Green Book Allows Pro-pedestrian Design |
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218 | (1) |
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The Policy Issue: Why Bother? |
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219 | (1) |
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220 | (3) |
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Section III De Facto Engineering Standards |
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16 De Facto Engineering Standards |
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What Is a De Facto Industry Standard? |
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223 | (1) |
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Thomas Versus Hallberg Construction and Supply, Inc. and Fruehauf |
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223 | (1) |
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Plaintiff's Expert A Testimony (Truncated at Points for Clarity) |
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223 | (4) |
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227 | (2) |
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17 Industry Standards in Computing Litigation |
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229 | (1) |
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The Testimony Proving Windows Is a De Facto Industry Standard |
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229 | (1) |
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Mr. Warren-Boulton Then Gives His Arguments in the Case |
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230 | (1) |
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Another Event of Interest in Our Study of Windows |
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231 | (1) |
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A De Facto or Industry Standard in the Computing Area |
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232 | (2) |
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234 | (1) |
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18 Electric Power Industry Standards Introduction |
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235 | (12) |
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The Northeast Blackout: 2003 |
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235 | (2) |
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Litigation Following the Blackout |
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237 | (1) |
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The Analysis of Electric Power Distribution |
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238 | (3) |
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How Electric Power Standards Are Used in the Court System |
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241 | (2) |
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243 | (2) |
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245 | (2) |
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19 De Facto Standards in Tire Friction |
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247 | (1) |
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Engineering Calculation of Tire Friction |
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247 | (3) |
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Pavement Testing Using Eq. (19.3) |
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250 | (1) |
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250 | (5) |
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Misapplication of the De Facto Coefficient of Friction Standard |
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255 | (1) |
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Examination of the Martinez Accident Using Friction Forces |
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256 | (1) |
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Closure: Demonstrating an Unreasonably Dangerous Condition |
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257 | (2) |
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20 A Patent as a De Facto Standard Introduction |
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259 | (6) |
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The Technology of a Tire Bead |
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259 | (2) |
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261 | (1) |
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261 | (3) |
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264 | (1) |
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21 Forensic Economics---Always There Introduction |
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265 | (36) |
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Individual as Compared With Society Economics |
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265 | (4) |
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269 | (7) |
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276 | (4) |
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280 | (17) |
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US Army Corps of Engineers Economics Study |
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297 | (2) |
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299 | (2) |
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22 De Facto Standards in Accident Reconstruction Questionable Dynamics Models |
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301 | (29) |
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303 | (15) |
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Sample Questions for Experts |
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318 | (1) |
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319 | (1) |
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319 | (11) |
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Section IV Basic Sciences/Basic Engineering |
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23 Examples in Biomechanics |
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23.1 The Passenger's Head Impacts the Instrument Panel (An Example of Traumatic Brain Injury) |
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23.2 The Driver's Body Impacts the |
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Seat Belt and Shoulder Harness The Autopsy |
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330 | (1) |
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The NHTSA Standards on Restraint Systems |
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331 | (1) |
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Some Biomechanical Details |
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332 | (2) |
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23.3 Bloodshot Eyes in the Rollover of a Van |
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A Controversy in Reconstruction |
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334 | (1) |
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The Riddle of the Bloodshot Eyes |
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334 | (1) |
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An Effect Shown by Aircraft Outside Loop Evidence |
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335 | (1) |
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The Victim's Head Strikes the Left Rear Window---Five Others Safe |
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336 | (1) |
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Adapting the Roll Analysis of Chapter 22 to This Biomechanics Problem |
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336 | (1) |
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The Return of the Plaintiff's Attorney |
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337 | (3) |
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23.4 The Driver's Body Is Struck From Behind by the Seatback A Study in Vehicle Motion for the Pickup |
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340 | (16) |
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The Testimony of [ ], MD, Orthopedist, Redacted for Clarity |
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342 | (10) |
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352 | (3) |
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355 | (1) |
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355 | (1) |
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23.5 A Child's Injury and Death Anatomy |
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356 | (4) |
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358 | (2) |
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23.6 The Death of a Geriatric Driver The Pathology of Mrs. G's Fatal Injury |
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360 | (6) |
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Crash Injuries of the Young-Crash Injuries of the Old |
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361 | (2) |
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The Reconstruction of Mrs. G's Accident |
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363 | (1) |
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A Look at the Real Problem |
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363 | (1) |
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Potential Actions of the Accident Reconstructionist, Biomechanicist, and Attorney |
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363 | (1) |
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364 | (2) |
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23.7 A Crippling Injury With a Missing Reference Point The Reconstructive Surgery Following Charles's Left Femur Injury |
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366 | (3) |
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The Police Evidence Is Produced and Questions Begin to Be Raised |
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367 | (1) |
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Example of Results from Photogrammetry |
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368 | (1) |
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A Confrontation With the Police and the Prosecutor |
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368 | (1) |
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23.8 A Chance in a Million The Dump Truck Disappears But Not for Long |
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369 | (3) |
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A Primer on Belt Restraint Systems, Their Assets, and Their Liabilities |
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369 | (2) |
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Roger "Floats" Near the Spin Point of the Van |
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371 | (1) |
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23.9 Brain Injury Without Head Contact A Medical Mystery |
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372 | (5) |
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The Mechanics of Acceleration Injury to the Head |
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373 | (1) |
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374 | (1) |
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A Simulation of Brain Injury Without Head Contact |
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374 | (3) |
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23.10 Injury Causation as a Reconstruction Tool |
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The Plaintiff's Version of the Accident |
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377 | (2) |
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379 | (1) |
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The Literature on Impact Trauma in Bone and a Fundamental Analysis |
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380 | (1) |
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The Defendant's Version of the Accident |
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381 | (2) |
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23.11 A Question of Marijuana The Police Marijuana Expert |
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383 | (3) |
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The Deposition of Captain P |
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384 | (2) |
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23.12 A Hit and Run Systemic Response to Shock |
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386 | (5) |
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Timing: Was Sumiko Conscious of What Had Happened? |
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386 | (1) |
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Human Factors (Anthropometric) Data |
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387 | (1) |
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An Analysis of the Motion of Sumiko's Body |
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388 | (1) |
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389 | (1) |
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389 | (2) |
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23.13 Animal Testing and a Question for the Expert |
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391 | (1) |
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The Defense Investigation |
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391 | (4) |
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23.14 Transportation in an Ambulance Litigation Against the Driver of the Van (Car 2), the Ambulance Company (Car 3), and the Driver of the SUV (Car 4) |
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395 | (5) |
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Two MDs, Two Diametrically Opposing Opinions on Injury |
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395 | (1) |
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The Plaintiff and Her Biomechanicist |
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395 | (1) |
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What Fracture Toughness Looks Like From Our Experience |
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396 | (1) |
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We Examine Rhonda's Right Side Injuries Given the Insight From Fracture Mechanics |
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397 | (1) |
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The Injury From the Fall Off the Gurney |
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397 | (2) |
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Examining the Opinions by Both Medical Experts |
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399 | (1) |
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23.15 Three Young Women in a Falcon |
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Three Ladies Consider Lawsuits Against the Pickup Truck Driver |
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400 | (5) |
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23.16 A Broken Arm, a Death |
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23.17 Embezzlement, a Burned Car, and Alice Springs, Australia---A Case of Forensic Odontology Enter the Forensic Odontologist |
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405 | (6) |
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The Mystery Moves to Sydney, Australia |
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406 | (1) |
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406 | (1) |
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Ezra's Internet Provider Account Is Searched |
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407 | (1) |
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The Australian Police Put Resources in Place |
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407 | (1) |
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Key Cases in Forensic Odontology |
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408 | (1) |
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409 | (1) |
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Odontology Resources for Body Identification |
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409 | (2) |
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23.18 The Brain, an Impact, and an Investigation |
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A Neurologist Is Called In |
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411 | (1) |
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A Tutorial on Traumatic Brain Injury |
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411 | (1) |
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Insight from Basic Animal Testing |
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412 | (1) |
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The Head Is Struck From Behind by the Headrest |
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412 | (1) |
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Differential Equation for Head Impact With Head Restraint |
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413 | (1) |
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A Fluid Mechanics Analysis of the CSF and Brain Tissue |
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414 | (1) |
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A Finite Element Analysis of Impact to the Skull |
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415 | (1) |
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Resources: Head Restraints |
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416 | (1) |
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Resources: Medical Literature |
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416 | (13) |
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23.19 An Apparent Stabbing and a Murder Indictment |
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The Surgery is Successful, But |
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429 | (1) |
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Martha Is Charged With First-Degree Murder |
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429 | (1) |
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429 | (1) |
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429 | (1) |
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430 | (3) |
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24 Human Factors in Accident Analysis |
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433 | (1) |
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How Human Factors Experts Do Their Work |
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433 | (1) |
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Human Sensation, Perception, and Attention |
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434 | (1) |
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435 | (1) |
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Human Attention Allocation |
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436 | (1) |
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Sensation, Perception, and Warnings |
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436 | (1) |
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Perception/Response Time and Warnings |
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437 | (1) |
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Warnings and Other Facilitators |
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437 | (3) |
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440 | (1) |
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441 | (1) |
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441 | (1) |
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Human Physical Capabilities and Motor Control |
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442 | (1) |
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Human Factors and Training |
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443 | (1) |
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Human Factors and the Environment |
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444 | (1) |
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Human Factors in Highway Design --- Leading to an Example |
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445 | (1) |
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Carl Richard Cook Versus State of IOWA |
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445 | (4) |
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Closure: The Human Factors Testimony---Given Without an Accident Reconstruction |
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449 | (2) |
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25 Standards in Human Vibration Litigation |
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451 | (2) |
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453 | (1) |
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A Graphical Summary for Whole-Body Vibration |
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454 | (1) |
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The Whole-Body Vibration of a Vehicle Operator or a Railroad Engineer |
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454 | (1) |
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An Example of Whole-Body Vibration Litigation |
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455 | (4) |
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459 | (1) |
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460 | (5) |
|
|
465 | (2) |
|
An Example of Hand-Arm Vibration Litigation |
|
|
467 | (4) |
|
|
471 | (3) |
|
|
474 | (2) |
|
Recent Work Exposing New Methods and Medical Studies |
|
|
476 | (1) |
|
|
477 | (2) |
|
26 Products Liability Introduction |
|
|
479 | (25) |
|
Typical Restraint Hardware |
|
|
480 | (1) |
|
The Engineering of Inertial Release |
|
|
481 | (1) |
|
Investigating Wiitala Versus FORD |
|
|
482 | (5) |
|
What the Record Showed for Wiitala |
|
|
487 | (1) |
|
The Moffatt Paper---The Hidden Results |
|
|
488 | (1) |
|
The Plaintiff's Trial Strategy Used in Wiitala Versus FORD |
|
|
488 | (1) |
|
A Question of Design---The Designer Must Work With the Analyst |
|
|
489 | (1) |
|
The State of Michigan Court of Appeals |
|
|
490 | (2) |
|
The Problem of Accident Reconstruction |
|
|
492 | (1) |
|
Technical Details in an Accident Reconstruction |
|
|
493 | (1) |
|
The Racketeering Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act |
|
|
494 | (10) |
|
Section V Engineering Standards---The Forensic Future |
|
|
|
7 The Future of Forensic Methods |
|
|
|
|
|
27.2 As Brain Injury Is Admitted by the NFL, the Finding That Helmets Do Not Help Is Disturbing |
|
|
|
27.3 A National Dental X-Ray Register Some Definitions to Get Us Started |
|
|
504 | (15) |
|
|
505 | (1) |
|
The FBI's National Dental Image Repository, Reported February 15, 2006 |
|
|
506 | (1) |
|
The NamUs Databases of the US Department of Justice |
|
|
506 | (1) |
|
Addressing the Attorney Reader |
|
|
507 | (1) |
|
|
508 | (1) |
|
Digital Images and Authentication in Swinton |
|
|
509 | (2) |
|
The Swinton Analysis: Authentication of Computer-Generated Evidence |
|
|
511 | (2) |
|
Closure to the Swinton Case Image Analysis |
|
|
513 | (1) |
|
The Issues in Creating a National Dental X-Ray Register |
|
|
514 | (1) |
|
A Discussion on the Software Required |
|
|
515 | (1) |
|
Comparing Two Dental X-rays |
|
|
516 | (1) |
|
Teaching Forensic Odontology |
|
|
517 | (1) |
|
|
518 | (1) |
|
The Dental Records of the Missing |
|
|
519 | (1) |
|
27.4 The Flint, Michigan Analysis Introduction |
|
|
519 | (10) |
|
Fault Tree Analysis Sources |
|
|
520 | (2) |
|
A Sample Fault Tree Analysis |
|
|
522 | (1) |
|
Thermochemistry of the Flint, Michigan, Lead Problem |
|
|
523 | (4) |
|
Is Flint Alone in the Problem? |
|
|
|
A History Shows What Happened |
|
|
527 | (1) |
|
The Philadelphia Class-Action Lawsuit |
|
|
527 | (1) |
|
The Chicago Class-Action Lawsuit |
|
|
528 | (1) |
|
The Physiology of Lead Poisoning |
|
|
528 | (1) |
|
27.5 An Oil Pipeline/Railway Transport Reliability Study |
|
|
|
|
529 | (2) |
|
The Economics of the Problem |
|
|
531 | (1) |
|
Evidence of Pipeline Safety Versus Rail Transport Safety |
|
|
531 | (1) |
|
An Estimate for Comparison of Serious Incidents |
|
|
532 | (1) |
|
PHMSA Standards for Flammable Liquid Rail Tank Cars |
|
|
532 | (1) |
|
Summary of the Final Rule for Flammable Liquid Rail Tank Cars |
|
|
533 | (1) |
|
Insight From a Preliminary Design Analysis |
|
|
533 | (1) |
|
A Study of Selected Oil Pipeline Failures in the 21st Century |
|
|
534 | (8) |
|
The Mechanisms of Failure of Oil Pipelines From the History |
|
|
542 | (1) |
|
Moving Forward With a Proposal for Pipeline Inspection |
|
|
543 | (1) |
|
From the Viewpoint of the Law |
|
|
543 | (1) |
|
Liability in Crude Oil Train Derailments |
|
|
543 | (1) |
|
The Structure of the Crude Oil by Rail Industry |
|
|
544 | (1) |
|
Regulation of the Crude Oil by Rail Industry and Impact of Federal Preemption |
|
|
545 | (1) |
|
|
546 | (3) |
|
The High-Hazard Flammable Trains Rule and Bases for Liability |
|
|
549 | (5) |
|
The Effect of the HHFT Rule on the Distribution of Liability |
|
|
554 | (3) |
|
|
557 | (1) |
|
27.6 Dog Bites: The Causes and Litigation |
|
|
|
|
558 | (1) |
|
|
559 | (1) |
|
|
560 | (1) |
|
|
560 | (1) |
|
The Cost of Dog Bite Injuries |
|
|
561 | (1) |
|
|
562 | (1) |
|
Provoked or Not Provoked? |
|
|
563 | (1) |
|
Biting Breeds and Why Breed-Specific Legislation May Not Work |
|
|
563 | (1) |
|
Human Nature and Dog Nature |
|
|
564 | (1) |
|
Prevention of Dog Bite-Related Injuries |
|
|
564 | (1) |
|
|
564 | (1) |
|
|
564 | (1) |
|
The Fundamentals of Animal Safety Is Fun! |
|
|
565 | (1) |
|
How the Law Looks at Dog Attacks on Humans |
|
|
565 | (1) |
|
Breed-Specific Legislation |
|
|
566 | (1) |
|
|
567 | (1) |
|
Alisa Morgan v. Robert Marquis et al. |
|
|
567 | (2) |
|
Common Law Strict Liability |
|
|
569 | (1) |
|
|
569 | (1) |
|
|
570 | (1) |
|
Closure to Alisa Morgan v. Robert Marquis et al. |
|
|
571 | (1) |
|
A Possible Forensic Future Using Genetic Mapping |
|
|
572 | (1) |
|
A Link to Design Engineering Through Patents |
|
|
572 | (2) |
|
27.7 Autonomous Vehicles Introduction |
|
|
574 | (10) |
|
What Constitutes the Autonomous Vehicle? |
|
|
576 | (1) |
|
|
576 | (1) |
|
A General Approach to Optimization Using Composites |
|
|
577 | (1) |
|
Available Advanced Technology |
|
|
577 | (1) |
|
Analysis and Developmental Testing |
|
|
578 | (1) |
|
|
578 | (1) |
|
The Need for Autonomous Vehicle Standards: The Forensic Side |
|
|
579 | (1) |
|
|
579 | (3) |
|
The Tesla Automatic Emergency Braking System |
|
|
582 | (1) |
|
|
583 | (1) |
|
27.8 A Review of Vehicle Impact Analyses With a Focus on the CRASH Algorithm |
|
|
|
|
584 | (1) |
|
Campbell's Paper and the CRASH Algorithm |
|
|
584 | (1) |
|
The Daubert and Kumho Tire Decisions |
|
|
585 | (1) |
|
Collisions as Defined by the First Law of Thermodynamics |
|
|
586 | (1) |
|
The Impact of Statistical Power on the CRASH Algorithm |
|
|
586 | (2) |
|
An Analysis of Campbell's Work |
|
|
588 | (2) |
|
Some Considerations Implied by Mathematics |
|
|
590 | (1) |
|
|
591 | (2) |
|
Momentum Methods as an Alternative to Crash |
|
|
593 | (4) |
Index |
|
597 | |