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E-raamat: English Vocabulary: The Basics

  • Formaat: 198 pages
  • Sari: The Basics
  • Ilmumisaeg: 14-Dec-2022
  • Kirjastus: Routledge
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781000787948
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  • Formaat: 198 pages
  • Sari: The Basics
  • Ilmumisaeg: 14-Dec-2022
  • Kirjastus: Routledge
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781000787948

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English Vocabulary: The Basics offers a clear, non-jargonistic introduction to English vocabulary, the way linguists classify and explain it, and the place of vocabulary in our overall picture of the language, and in society. Introducing a range of terminology for discussing vocabulary, the reader is provided with a coherent, structured description of what we know about words and their meanings.

Key features of this book include:

Analysis of historical roots of present-day words

Coverage of the differences between speech and writing and between formality and informality

Understanding of the social implications of choices that readers make to use standard or non-standard (e.g., regional/dialect) vocabulary

A focus on British English with reference to a wide range of varieties of English that include North American English, Irish English, Indian English, Malaysian English, Nigerian English and Caribbean English.

Featuring a glossary of key terms, cartoons and illustrations, further reading, reflection points, interesting "factoids" and examples from corpora from around the world, this book is an engaging and thought-provoking read for anyone with an interest in English vocabulary.

Arvustused

This is a book for all of us who wonder where words in English come from, how they relate to each other, what patterns they occur in, how we store them in our minds, and what choices we make when we use words and why. This highly readable volume draws on multiple sources including many years of Michael McCarthys excellent scholarship, corpus evidence, examples from varieties of English and a keen interest in language and language learning.

Averil Coxhead, Professor in Applied Linguistics, Victoria University of Wellington

Acknowledgements xi
Introduction to the Reader 1(1)
1 A Word or Two about Words
2(28)
What Do We Mean By `Vocabulary'?
2(1)
The `English' in English Vocabulary
3(1)
At Least We Know What Words Are ... Don't We?
4(1)
Spaced Out
4(1)
Eyes and Ears
5(1)
It Just Feels Right
5(1)
I See What You Mean
6(2)
Morphemes
6(2)
Taking Words to Pieces
8(1)
Grammar and Lexis
9(1)
Words Stick Together
10(3)
Compounds
10(3)
Multi-Word Units
13(3)
Idioms
16(1)
Collocation
17(1)
Recipes for New Words
18(1)
Words Come and Go
18(1)
No thing New Under the Sun
19(1)
Half and Half
19(1)
Keep It Short
20(1)
Lending and Borrowing
21(2)
Corpora: Letting the Data Speak
23(1)
Using a Corpus
23(1)
Corpus Example (1): Hard-Working Words
24(1)
Corpus Example (2): Speaking Versus Writing
25(3)
Summing up
28(2)
2 Where Do English Words Come From?
30(23)
The Dim and Distant Past
30(1)
The Beginning of English
31(4)
Anglo-Saxons
31(3)
Beginning to Look Familiar: Chronicles and Monsters
34(1)
More Incomers
35(3)
Vikings
35(1)
A Big Change: The Normans Arrive
36(2)
Putting It in Black and White
38(1)
Telling Tales
38(2)
Piers Plowman
40(2)
Into the Modern Era
42(5)
Language about Language
42(2)
An Expanding Vocabulary
44(1)
Circling the World
45(2)
A Settled Language
47(6)
Spelling It Out
47(1)
New Worlds, New Cultures
48(1)
New Technologies, New Englishes
49(4)
3 What Does It All Mean?
53(25)
From Form to Meaning
53(1)
Wording the World
53(3)
Making Sense of the Lexicon
56(2)
Same or Different?
58(6)
Synonymy
58(2)
Looks the Same, Sounds the Same, But ...
60(2)
Something Different
62(2)
Classifying the World
64(7)
The Upside-Down Tree
64(1)
Scientifically Speaking
65(1)
Fuzzy Borders and Stereotypes
66(2)
An Arm and a Leg: Parts and Wholes
68(1)
Making Sense in the Real World
69(2)
Taking Meaning to Pieces
71(5)
Pluses and Minuses to Everything
71(4)
Words, the Mind, and the World
75(1)
Pragmatics: What Do You Mean?
76(2)
4 Beating about the Bush: Figurative Meaning
78(28)
Just Imagine
78(1)
Atoms or Molecules?
79(2)
Bite-Sized Chunks
81(11)
Room for Manoeuvre
83(2)
As Clear as Mud: Idioms
85(1)
Do You See What I Mean?
86(2)
In a Nutshell
88(1)
Idiom-Prone
89(3)
Look at It This Way
92(3)
Metaphors
92(2)
Proverbs and Metaphors
94(1)
Tropes Galore
95(9)
Here Comes the Army: Metonymy
95(4)
No Exaggeration: Hyperbole
99(2)
A Not Uninteresting Trope: Understatement
101(2)
Euphemisms
103(1)
Summary
104(2)
5 Bear This in Mind: The Mental Lexicon
106(24)
A Remarkable Achievement
106(1)
How Did It All Get There? Acquiring Vocabulary
107(8)
Designing a Human
107(1)
One Word at a Time
108(4)
Telegrams from a Child
112(1)
More Than One Way of Saying Things
113(1)
Spell It Out
114(1)
Where Are All Those Words?
115(13)
Mind and Brain: The Mental Lexicon
115(2)
How Does It Work?
117(2)
Faster Than You Can Say Jack Robinson
119(2)
What Comes Into Your Head?
121(3)
Just a Slip of the Tongue?
124(2)
In Two Minds Again
126(2)
Conclusion
128(2)
6 Vocabulary in Action
130(31)
Words Out There
130(1)
Language Snapshots
131(2)
Hard Words
131(1)
Not in Front of the Children
132(1)
Letting the Machine Decide: Corpora
133(8)
Quizzing the Data
133(1)
Exchanging a Few Words
134(2)
Let's Not Go into Detail
136(2)
In Theory and in Practice
138(2)
Windows on Culture
140(1)
Words on the Move
141(3)
Naughty But Nice
141(1)
A Noticeable Uptick
141(2)
Showing Your Age
143(1)
Mapping English Vocabulary
144(7)
Varieties
144(3)
Different Voices: Dialects and Sociolects
147(3)
Special Vocabularies
150(1)
Words and the Imagination
151(5)
Flouting Conventions
151(1)
Old Words, New Meanings
152(1)
Food for Thought
153(2)
Having a Laugh
155(1)
Education and Learning
156(3)
Growing Up with Words
156(2)
Second-Language Vocabulary
158(1)
The End of the Beginning
159(2)
Glossary of Key Terms 161(10)
References 171(10)
Index 181
Michael McCarthy is Emeritus Professor of Applied Linguistics, University of Nottingham, and Adjunct Professor of Applied Linguistics, University of Limerick. He has (co-)authored and edited 58 books and was co-founder (with Ronald Carter) of the CANCODE spoken English corpus. He has lectured in 46 countries and has been involved in language teaching and applied linguistics for 57 years.