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E-raamat: Environmental Biodynamics: A New Science of How the Environment Interacts with Human Health

With , (Assistant Professor, Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medi), Foreword by , With , With , (Edith J. Baerwald Professor and Vice Chairman of the Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai)
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  • Ilmumisaeg: 16-Nov-2021
  • Kirjastus: Oxford University Press Inc
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780197582954
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  • Formaat: PDF+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 16-Nov-2021
  • Kirjastus: Oxford University Press Inc
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780197582954
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Is there a central scientific theory governing how human physiology interacts with the environment?

Our environment exerts a profound effect on our health and well-being. Yet, the rules guiding such interaction between individual human physiology and the environment remain elusive. While various disciplines have emerged studying components and base interactions of each system, no method has successfully predicted the dynamic behavior between these complex systems in real time.

Environmental Biodynamics offers a daring new inquiry into our environment and its impact on human health. Moving beyond a reductionist view of human physiology and the environment, this volume proposes a fundamental shift in environmental health science from quantifying structural relationships, such as static measures of environmental factors or momentary health indicators, to studying functional interdependencies in time. Across six chapters, the authors weave together the latest research from biology, environmental science, theoretical physics, mathematics, and philosophy to explore their Biodynamic Interface Theory, which states that complex systems connect primarily through a dynamic, operationally independent interface that regulates the bidirectional interactions between systems over time. Later chapters compare the proposed theory against current practice and provide suggestions for further methods of data collection and computational analysis. Supported by vivid full-color diagrams and a wealth of original data, Environmental Biodynamics is an accessible theoretical guide to this promising new field of environmental health

Environmental Biodynamics offers a daring new inquiry into our environment and its impact on human health by redefining how we conceptualize interactions between complex systems.

Arvustused

This good treatise calls attention to limitations of current approaches and extolls a more comprehensive approach to collecting and analyzing data. * M. Gochfeld, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, CHOICE * Drawing upon concepts from diverse fields such as physics and systems theory, Environmental Biodynamics offers an ambitious proposal to shift the paradigm of environmental health research, arguing that incorporating a biodynamic approach will allow researchers to develop better, and more useful, explanations of the complex relationships that hold between environmental chemical exposures and human health. This approach has the potential to rescue researchers from the 'ocean of correlations' that such studies usually generate and the constraints that current reductionistic methods place on scientific inference. * David Bellinger, Harvard Medical School * This is a book full of fearless ideas that hopes to bring about an advance in the way we understand our relationship with our environment and how it impacts human health. * Linda S. Birnbaum, Scientist Emeritus and Former Director, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and National Toxicology Program * Which came first: the chicken or the egg? This book finally answers that ancient paradox by sharing a better understanding of the dynamic interaction between the environment and human health. * Mona Hanna-Attisha, pediatrician and author of What the Eyes Don't See: A Story of Crisis, Resistance, and Hope in an American City *

Foreword ix
Preface xiii
1 Introduction to Environmental Biodynamics
1(21)
Introduction
1(3)
What to Expect from This Book
4(1)
Aims and Scope of Environmental Biodynamics
5(1)
Complexity and the Need for Precision Environmental Medicine
6(5)
Contrasting Environmental Biodynamics and Other - Omic Sciences
11(3)
Principles of Environmental Biodynamics
14(5)
Chapter 1 Summary
19(3)
2 The Lens of "Thingness": Structuralism, Reductionism, and Simplicity
22(27)
How Did We Arrive at the Current Worldview of Health?
22(2)
Structuralism, Reductionism, and Simplicity
24(2)
A Puzzle for You
26(5)
Environmental Biodynamics: Rethinking the Role of Time in Environmental Health Research
31(4)
Incorporating Biodynamics and the Shape of Change into Population Health
35(6)
A Hard Lesson to Learn: Repeated Structural Analyses Do Not Equal a Functional Interpretation (Case Study)
41(6)
Chapter 2 Summary
47(2)
3 The Shape of Change: Complexity, Organization, and Chaos
49(27)
Complexity and Organization
49(4)
The Essentiality of Biodynamic Interfaces
53(1)
The Organization of Interfaces: Determinism, Stochasticity, and Chaos
54(2)
Attractor Reconstruction: The Shape of Change
56(4)
Incorporating Biodynamics and the Shape of Change into Precision Medicine
60(7)
Environmental Biodynamics and Environmental Medicine (Case Studies)
67(6)
Chapter 3 Summary
73(3)
4 The Process of Interdependence: Temporal Dynamics of Biodynamic Interfaces
76(17)
Introduction
76(1)
Models of Interdependence
77(4)
Sensitive Dependence on Initial Conditions and the "n-Body Problem"
81(4)
Incorporating Dynamic Interdependence in Environmental Medicine (Case Study)
85(6)
Chapter 4 Summary
91(2)
5 The Geometry of Health: Patterns, Structures, Forms, and Constraints
93(17)
Dimensions of Health and Disease
93(1)
Patterns, Structures, Forms, and Constraints in Biological Systems
94(6)
Discrete and Integrated Assessments of Biological Dimensionality
100(5)
Leveraging Patterns, Structures, Forms, and Constraints in Health Research (Case Study)
105(1)
Chapter 5 Summary
106(4)
6 The Layers of Life: Emergent Complexity and Self-Organization
110(17)
General Systems Theory as a Unifying Framework
111(2)
Emergent Complexity and Self-Organization
113(2)
Emergence and Self-Organization in Environmental Medicine
115(2)
How Does Environmental Biodynamics Fit into Systems Theory?
117(3)
How Does This Perspective Relate to Traditional Structural Views?
120(1)
Implications of Environmental Biodynamics for Environmental Health Sciences
121(2)
Our Verse (Conclusion)
123(4)
Appendix: Operationalizing Environmental Biodynamics
127(16)
The Questions Defining an Environmental Biodynamics Approach
127(1)
Set 1 On the Organization of Systems
128(3)
Set 2 On Constraints and Interdependence
131(1)
Set 3 On Emergence and Self-Organization
132(1)
Empirical Methods to Study the Organization of Environmental Biodynamics
132(3)
Computational Methods to Study the Organization of Environmental Biodynamics
135(4)
Design and Theoretical Implications
139(4)
Index 143
Manish Arora is the Edith J Baerwald Professor and Vice Chair of Environmental Medicine and Public Health at the Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York where he directs a program at the intersection of exposure sciences, environmental epidemiology, and public health to study the environmental determinants of health and disease. Along with Drs. Alessandro Giuliani and Paul Curtin, he is credited with postulating the Biodynamic Interface Conjecture, a theoretical framework to study complex system interactions through the lens of temporal dynamics. In 2015, he was recognized with the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers by President Barack Obama, the highest award that the United States confers on early career scientists.



Paul Curtin, is Assistant Professor of Environmental Medicine and Public Health at the Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York. Dr. Curtin's work focuses on the interface of Systems Biology, Computational Neuroscience, and Exposure Biology. He is an author of several dozen papers in these and related fields, and leads nationally-funded projects focusing on the role of environmental factors in neurodevelopment. With co-authors and collaborators on Environmental Biodynamics, he has contributed to the development of the Biodynamic Interface Conjecture and related theoretical perspectives dealing with the interactions of complex systems.



Austen Curtin is a computational biologist and data scientist in the department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health at the Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York. Her work focuses on the integration of dynamical computational methods in contexts relating to exposure biology and neurodevelopment. She has contributed to many peer-reviewed papers in these fields and continues to work on methodological advances in these domains.



Christine Austin is Assistant Professor in the Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health at Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York. She received her PhD from the University of Technology, Sydney, Australia in 2011, specializing in elemental bioimaging of tissues using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. She completed postdoctoral training at the University of Sydney, Australia and the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, USA. Dr. Austin's research focus is developing novel analytical techniques to reconstruct histories of environmental exposures throughout life, including the prenatal and early childhood periods.



Alessandro Giuliani is Senior Scientist at the Istituto Superiore di Sanità (Italian NIH). He is involved mainly in the generation and testing of soft physical and statistical models for life sciences, with a special emphasis on the elucidation of mesoscopic complex systems like network approach to protein structure/function, quantitative structure/activity relations in medicinal chemistry, analysis of physiological time series, and biophysical approaches to gene expression regulation. He is the author of many publications on a wide spectrum of research fields and has a solid teaching experience in applied statistics and research methodology.



Linda S. Birnbaum is Scientist Emeritus and Former Director of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and National Toxicology Program. She is also Scholar in Residence at the Nicholas School of the Environment at Duke University.