Muutke küpsiste eelistusi

E-raamat: Equation of Knowledge: From Bayes' Rule to a Unified Philosophy of Science

  • Formaat: 460 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 18-Jun-2020
  • Kirjastus: Chapman & Hall/CRC
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781000063271
  • Formaat - EPUB+DRM
  • Hind: 46,79 €*
  • * hind on lõplik, st. muud allahindlused enam ei rakendu
  • Lisa ostukorvi
  • Lisa soovinimekirja
  • See e-raamat on mõeldud ainult isiklikuks kasutamiseks. E-raamatuid ei saa tagastada.
  • Formaat: 460 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 18-Jun-2020
  • Kirjastus: Chapman & Hall/CRC
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781000063271

DRM piirangud

  • Kopeerimine (copy/paste):

    ei ole lubatud

  • Printimine:

    ei ole lubatud

  • Kasutamine:

    Digitaalõiguste kaitse (DRM)
    Kirjastus on väljastanud selle e-raamatu krüpteeritud kujul, mis tähendab, et selle lugemiseks peate installeerima spetsiaalse tarkvara. Samuti peate looma endale  Adobe ID Rohkem infot siin. E-raamatut saab lugeda 1 kasutaja ning alla laadida kuni 6'de seadmesse (kõik autoriseeritud sama Adobe ID-ga).

    Vajalik tarkvara
    Mobiilsetes seadmetes (telefon või tahvelarvuti) lugemiseks peate installeerima selle tasuta rakenduse: PocketBook Reader (iOS / Android)

    PC või Mac seadmes lugemiseks peate installima Adobe Digital Editionsi (Seeon tasuta rakendus spetsiaalselt e-raamatute lugemiseks. Seda ei tohi segamini ajada Adober Reader'iga, mis tõenäoliselt on juba teie arvutisse installeeritud )

    Seda e-raamatut ei saa lugeda Amazon Kindle's. 

The Equation of Knowledge: From Bayes' Rule to a Unified Philosophy of Science introduces readers to the Bayesian approach to science: teasing out the link between probability and knowledge.

The author strives to make this book accessible to a very broad audience, suitable for professionals, students, and academics, as well as the enthusiastic amateur scientist/mathematician.

This book also shows how Bayesianism sheds new light on nearly all areas of knowledge, from philosophy to mathematics, science and engineering, but also law, politics and everyday decision-making.

Bayesian thinking is an important topic for research, which has seen dramatic progress in the recent years, and has a significant role to play in the understanding and development of AI and Machine Learning, among many other things. This book seeks to act as a tool for proselytising the benefits and limits of Bayesianism to a wider public.

Features











Presents the Bayesian approach as a unifying scientific method for a wide range of topics





Suitable for a broad audience, including professionals, students, and academics





Provides a more accessible, philosophical introduction to the subject that is offered elsewhere

Arvustused

Lê Nguyên Hoang takes us on a fascinating intellectual journey into Bayesianism, cutting across many social and natural sciences. The Equation of Knowledge: From Bayes' Rule to a Unified Philosophy of Science is a real page turner.

George Zaccour, HEC Montréal and co-author of Handbook of Dynamic Game Theory "Each chapter is opened with a fascinating epigraph quoting famous persons, and is completed by the most recent references. There are multiple illustrations, and the Bayes formulae are many times presented via various funny symbols of emoji kind. The book is addressed to a wide audience of students, professionals, and actually any reader interested to be better acquainted with modern ideas in various sciences and philosophy of science, and their Bayesian statistical description and interpretation." Stan Lipovetsky, Technometrics (Volume 63, 2021 - Issue 1)

"[ . . . ] Trained in the hard school of online videos, Le Nguyen Hoang has found a new tone to talk about science, a tone that is both rigorous and narrative, where examples illuminate the most abstract questions." From the Foreword by Gilles Dowek, Professor at École Polytechnique and researcher at the Laboratoire d'Informatique de l'École Polytechnique and the Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (INRIA).

Lê Nguyên Hoang takes us on a fascinating intellectual journey into Bayesianism, cutting across many social and natural sciences. The Equation of Knowledge: From Bayes' Rule to a Unified Philosophy of Science is a real page turner. George Zaccour, HEC Montréal and co-author of Handbook of Dynamic Game Theory

"Making math accessible to everyone, showing its connections with dozens of different domains, narrating scientific discovery as a personal human adventure, and sharing impressive enthusiasm: there is definitely something of Greg Chaitin's Meta Math! in Lê Nguyên Hoang's book!" Rémi Peyre, École des Mines de Nancy

"A remarkable piece of work, broad and insightful at the same time. This book is unique in that it gives an accessible journey from subtle probabilistic puzzles to the most advanced concepts at the heart of the machine learning revolution; with unrivalled clarity, it exposes deep ideas that have remained very confidential outside of specialized circles, and that yet are becoming fundamental in the way we understand our world." Clément Hongler, Associate Professor and Chair of Statistical Field Theory, EPFL

"As someone who practices research and publishes academic papers, it is frustrating to note how little we, scientists, are trained in epistemology. How do we know that we know? This question is often neglected or taken for granted. The recent controversies about reproducibility of scientific publishing might be one of the tips of a larger iceberg. This book will, in my opinion, be remembered as one of those that helped melt the iceberg." El Mahdi El Mhamdi, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne.

"The book has a lively writing style, rather like you are listening to an inspiring lecturer. Indeed the author has a French YouTube channel and is clearly enthusiastic about exposition. It is overtly an account of what the author personally finds interesting. [ . . .] In teaching a basic college course, focused on the mathematical setup and on the analysis of data, I often find there is one student who comes to office hours and is interested in seeing connections with broad scientific fields, or in conceptual issues of the philosophy of science. I could certainly recommend this book to such a student. Similarly, for the MAA community it could be an innovative basis for an undergraduate seminar course, in which students would choose a topic from the book and delve deeper into it." David Aldous, Mathematical Association of America

Foreword xv
Acknowledgment xvii
Preface xix
SECTION I Pure Bayesianism
Chapter 1 On A Transformative Journey
3(14)
1.1 Stumped By A Student
3(2)
1.2 My Path Towards Bayesianism
5(1)
1.3 A Unified Philosophy Of Knowledge
6(2)
1.4 An Alternative To The Scientific Method
8(3)
1.5 The Objectivity Myth
11(2)
1.6 The Goals Of The Book
13(4)
Chapter 2 Bayes' Theorem
17(16)
2.1 The Troll Student Puzzle
17(1)
2.2 The Monty Hall Problem
18(2)
2.3 The Trial Of Sally Clark
20(1)
2.4 The Legal Conviction Of Bayesianism
21(1)
2.5 Bayes' Theorem
22(2)
2.6 The Components Of Bayes' Rule
24(2)
2.7 Bayes To The Rescue Of Diagnosis
26(1)
2.8 Bayes To The Rescue Of Sally Clark
27(2)
2.9 Bayes To The Rescue Of The Troll Student Problem
29(1)
2.10 A Few Words Of Encouragement
30(3)
Chapter 3 Logically Speaking
33(16)
3.1 Two Thinking Processes
33(2)
3.2 The Rules Of Logic
35(2)
3.3 Are All Queens Blue?
37(2)
3.4 Quantifiers And Predicates
39(1)
3.5 Aristotle's Syllogism Reinterpreted
39(1)
3.6 Axiomatization
40(1)
3.7 Platonists Versus Intuitionists
41(2)
3.8 Bayesian Logic*
43(1)
3.9 Beyond True Or False
44(2)
3.10 The Cohabitation Of Incompatible Theories
46(3)
Chapter 4 Let's Generalize!
49(20)
4.1 The Scottish Black Sheep
49(1)
4.2 A Brief History Of Epistemology
50(1)
4.3 A Brief History Of Planetology
51(2)
4.4 Science Against Popper?
53(1)
4.5 Frequentism*
53(3)
4.6 Statisticians Against The P-Value
56(2)
4.7 P-Hacking
58(2)
4.8 What A Statistics Textbook Says
60(1)
4.9 The Equation Of Knowledge
61(2)
4.10 Cumulative Learning
63(1)
4.11 Back To Einstein
64(5)
Chapter 5 All Hail Prejudices
69(20)
5.1 The Linda Problem
69(1)
5.2 Prejudices To The Rescue Of Linda*
70(2)
5.3 Long Live Prejudices
72(1)
5.4 Xkcd's Sun
73(1)
5.5 Prejudices To The Rescue Of Xkcd
74(1)
5.6 Prejudices To The Rescue Of Sally Clark
75(1)
5.7 Prejudices Against Pseudo-Sciences
76(1)
5.8 Prejudices To The Rescue Of Science
77(3)
5.9 The Bayesian Has An Opinion On Everything
80(3)
5.10 Erroneous Prejudices
83(3)
5.11 Prejudices And Moral Questions
86(3)
Chapter 6 The Bayesian Prophets
89(20)
6.1 A Thrilling History
89(1)
6.2 The Origins Of Probability
90(1)
6.3 The Mysterious Thomas Bayes
91(1)
6.4 Laplace, The Father Of Bayesianism
92(2)
6.5 Laplace's Succession Rule
94(4)
6.6 The Great Bayesian Winter
98(1)
6.7 Bayes To The Rescue Of Allies
99(2)
6.8 Bayesian Islands In A Frequentist Ocean
101(2)
6.9 Bayes To The Rescue Of Practitioners
103(1)
6.10 Bayes `Triumph, At Last!'
104(1)
6.11 Bayes Is Ubiquitous
105(4)
Chapter 7 Solomonoff's Demon
109(22)
7.1 Neither Human Nor Machine
109(1)
7.2 The Theory Of Computation
110(2)
7.3 What's A Pattern?
112(1)
7.4 The Solomonoff Complexity
113(3)
7.5 The Marriage Of Algorithmic And Probabilities
116(3)
7.6 The Solomonoff Prior*
119(1)
7.7 Bayes To The Rescue Of Solomonoff's Demon*
120(2)
7.8 Solomonoff's Completeness
122(1)
7.9 Solomonoff's Incomputability
122(2)
7.10 Solomonoff's Incompleteness
124(1)
7.11 Let's Be Pragmatic
125(6)
SECTION II Applied Bayesianism
Chapter 8 Can You Keep A Secret?
131(18)
8.1 Classified
131(1)
8.2 Today's Cryptography
132(2)
8.3 Bayes Breaks Codes
134(2)
8.4 Randomized Survey
136(2)
8.5 The Privacy Of The Randomized Survey
138(1)
8.6 The Definition Of Differential Privacy*
139(1)
8.7 The Laplacian Mechanism
140(1)
8.8 Robustness To Composition
141(2)
8.9 The Addition Of Privacy Losses
143(1)
8.10 In Practice, It's Not Going Well!
144(1)
8.11 Homomorphic Encryption
145(4)
Chapter 9 Game, Set And Math
149(18)
9.1 The Magouilleuse
149(2)
9.2 Split Or Steal?
151(1)
9.3 Bayesian Persuasion
152(3)
9.4 Schelling's Points
155(1)
9.5 Mixed Equilibrium
156(2)
9.6 Bayesian Games
158(1)
9.7 Bayesian Mechanism Design*
159(2)
9.8 Myerson's Auction
161(2)
9.9 The Social Consequences Of Bayesianism
163(4)
Chapter 10 Will Darwin Select Bayes?
167(20)
10.1 The Survivor Bias
167(1)
10.2 California's Colored Lizards
168(1)
10.3 The Lotka-Volterra Dynamic*
169(2)
10.4 Genetic Algorithms
171(1)
10.5 Make Up Your Own Mind?
172(1)
10.6 Aaronson's Bayesian Debating
173(2)
10.7 Should You Trust A Scientist?
175(2)
10.8 The Argument Of Authority
177(2)
10.9 The Scientific Consensus
179(1)
10.10 Clickbait
179(2)
10.11 The Predictive Power Of Markets
181(3)
10.12 Financial Bubbles
184(3)
Chapter 11 Exponentially Counterintuitive
187(20)
11.1 Super Large Numbers
187(2)
11.2 The Glass Ceiling Of Computation
189(2)
11.3 Exponential Explosion
191(2)
11.4 The Magic Of Arabic Numerals
193(2)
11.5 Benford's law
195(1)
11.6 Logarithmic Scales
196(2)
11.7 Logarithms
198(1)
11.8 Bayes Wins A Godel Prize
199(2)
11.9 Bayes On Holiday
201(2)
11.10 The Singularity
203(4)
Chapter 12 Ockham Cuts To The Chase
207(18)
12.1 Last Thursday
207(2)
12.2 In Football, You Never Know
209(1)
12.3 The Curse Of Overfitting
210(3)
12.4 The Complex Quest Of Simplicity
213(2)
12.5 Not All Is Simple
215(1)
12.6 Cross Validation
216(2)
12.7 Tibschirani's Regularization
218(1)
12.8 Robust Optimization
219(1)
12.9 Bayes To The Rescue Of Overfitting*
220(2)
12.10 Only Bayesian Inferences Are Admissible*
222(1)
12.11 Ockham's Razor As A Bayesian Theorem!
223(2)
Chapter 13 Facts Are Misleading
225(24)
13.1 Hospital Or Clinic
225(2)
13.2 Correlation Is Not Causality
227(3)
13.3 Let's Search For Confounding Variables!
230(1)
13.4 Regression To The Mean
231(1)
13.5 Stein's Paradox
232(2)
13.6 The Failure Of Endogenous Stratification
234(2)
13.7 Randomize!
236(2)
13.8 Caveats About Randomized Controlled Trials
238(1)
13.9 The Return Of The Scottish Black Sheep
239(1)
13.10 What's A Cat?
240(3)
13.11 Poetic Naturalism
243(6)
SECTION III Pragmatic Bayesianism
Chapter 14 Quick And Not Too Dirty
249(20)
14.1 The Mystery Of Primes
249(2)
14.2 The Prime Number Theorem
251(1)
14.3 Approximating R
252(1)
14.4 Linearization
253(1)
14.5 The Constraints Of Pragmatism
254(1)
14.6 Turing's Learning Machines
255(3)
14.7 Pragmatic Bayesianism
258(1)
14.8 Sublinear Algorithms
259(3)
14.9 Different Thinking Modes
262(1)
14.10 Become Post-Rigorous!
263(1)
14.11 Bayesian Approximations
264(5)
Chapter 15 Wish Me Luck
269(22)
15.1 Fivethirtyeight And The 2016 Us Election
269(1)
15.2 Is Quantum Mechanics Probabilistic?
270(3)
15.3 Chaos Theory
273(1)
15.4 Unpredictable Deterministic Automata
274(2)
15.5 Thermodynamics
276(1)
15.6 Shannon's Entropy
277(2)
15.7 Shannon's Optimal Compression
279(1)
15.8 Shannon's Redundancy
280(1)
15.9 The Kullback-Leibler Divergence
281(1)
15.10 Proper Scoring Rules
282(2)
15.11 Wasserstein's Metric
284(1)
15.12 Generative Adversarial Networks (Gans)
285(6)
Chapter 16 Down Memory Lane
291(20)
16.1 The Value Of Data
291(1)
16.2 The Deluge Of Data
292(1)
16.3 The Toilet Problem
293(1)
16.4 Efficient Big Data Processing
294(2)
16.5 The Kalman Filter
296(2)
16.6 Our Brains Faced With Big Data
298(1)
16.7 Removing Traumatic Souvenirs
299(1)
16.8 False Memory
300(3)
16.9 Bayes To The Rescue Of Memory
303(1)
16.10 Shorter And Longer-Term Memories
304(1)
16.11 Recurrent Neural Networks
305(2)
16.12 Attention Mechanisms
307(1)
16.13 What Should Be Taught And Learned?
308(3)
Chapter 17 Let's Sleep On It
311(24)
17.1 Where Do Ideas Come From?
311(1)
17.2 Creative Art By Artificial Intelligences
312(2)
17.3 Latent Dirichlet Allocation (Lda)
314(1)
17.4 The Chinese Restaurant
315(1)
17.5 Monte Carlo Simulations
316(2)
17.6 Stochastic Gradient Descent (Sgd)
318(1)
17.7 Pseudo-Random Numbers
319(1)
17.8 Importance Sampling
320(1)
17.9 Importance Sampling For Lda
321(2)
17.10 The Ising Model*
323(1)
17.11 The Boltzmann Machine
324(2)
17.12 Mcmc And Google Pagerank
326(1)
17.13 Metropolis-Hasting Sampling
327(1)
17.14 Gibbs Sampling
328(2)
17.15 Mcmc And Cognitive Biases
330(2)
17.16 Constrastive Divergence
332(3)
Chapter 18 The Unreasonable Effectiveness Of Abstraction
335(20)
18.1 Deep Learning Works!
335(2)
18.2 Feature Learning
337(1)
18.3 Word Vector Representation
338(2)
18.4 Exponential Expressivity*
340(1)
18.5 The Emergence Of Complexity
341(2)
18.6 The Kolmogorov Sophistication*
343(1)
18.7 Sophistication Is A Solomonoff Map!*
344(2)
18.8 The Bennett Logical Depth
346(2)
18.9 The Depth Of Mathematics
348(1)
18.10 The Concision Of Mathematics
349(1)
18.11 The Modularity Of Mathematics
350(5)
Chapter 19 The Bayesian Brain
355(20)
19.1 The Brain Is Formidable
355(2)
19.2 Mountain Or Valley?
357(1)
19.3 Optical Illusions
357(2)
19.4 The Perception Of Motion
359(1)
19.5 Bayesian Sampling
360(2)
19.6 The Scandal Of Induction
362(1)
19.7 Learning To Learn
363(2)
19.8 The Blessing Of Abstraction
365(1)
19.9 The Baby Is A Genius
366(1)
19.10 Learning To Talk
367(1)
19.11 Learning To Count
368(2)
19.12 The Theory Of Mind
370(1)
19.13 Nature Versus Nurture
371(4)
SECTION IV Beyond Bayesianism
Chapter 20 It's All Fiction
375(18)
20.1 Plato's Cave
375(1)
20.2 Antirealism
376(1)
20.3 Does Life Exist?
377(1)
20.4 Does Money Exist?
378(4)
20.5 Is Teleology A Scientific Dead End?
382(3)
20.6 The Church-Turing Thesis Versus Reality
385(2)
20.7 Is (Instrumental) Antirealism Useful?
387(1)
20.8 Is There A World Outside Our Brain?
388(1)
20.9 A Cat In A Binary Code?
389(2)
20.10 Solomonoff Demon's Antirealism
391(2)
Chapter 21 Exploring The Origins Of Beliefs
393(20)
21.1 The Scandal Of Divergent Series
393(2)
21.2 But This Is False, Right?
395(1)
21.3 Cadet Officer
396(2)
21.4 My Asian Journey
398(1)
21.5 Are We All Potential Monsters?
399(2)
21.6 Stories Over Statistics
401(2)
21.7 Superstitions
403(1)
21.8 The Darwinian Evolution Of Ideologies
404(3)
21.9 Believing Superstitions Can Be Useful
407(1)
21.10 The Magic Of Youtube
408(2)
21.11 The Journey Goes On
410(3)
Chapter 22 Beyond Bayesianism
413(22)
22.1 The Bayesian Has No Moral
413(1)
22.2 The Natural Moral
414(2)
22.3 Unaware Of Our Morals
416(3)
22.4 Carrot And Stick
419(2)
22.5 The Moral Of The Majority
421(1)
22.6 Deontological Moral
422(3)
22.7 Should Knowledge Be A Goal?
425(2)
22.8 Utilitarianism
427(2)
22.9 Bayesian Consequentialism
429(3)
22.10 Last Words
432(3)
Index 435
Lê Nguyên graduated from the École Polytechnique de Montréal with a PhD in applied mathematics, before working as a post-doctoral researcher at MIT. Since 2016, he has been working as a science communicator at EPFL. He also has his own YouTube channel Science4All (in French), with over 170k subscribers.