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E-raamat: Eutrophication Processes in Coastal Systems: Origin and Succession of Plankton Blooms and Effects on Secondary Production in Gulf Coast Estuaries

(The Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA)
  • Formaat: PDF+DRM
  • Sari: CRC Marine Science
  • Ilmumisaeg: 27-Nov-2000
  • Kirjastus: CRC Press Inc
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781482275247
  • Formaat - PDF+DRM
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  • Formaat: PDF+DRM
  • Sari: CRC Marine Science
  • Ilmumisaeg: 27-Nov-2000
  • Kirjastus: CRC Press Inc
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781482275247

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Derived from an unprecedented research effort covering over 31 years in a series of studies of 7 major river-estuaries, Eutrophication Processes in Coastal Systems presents a comprehensive and current review of the nature of the eutrophication process and how short- and long-term nutrient loading affects marine systems. This unique book is the culmination of the most advanced research to date on how coastal systems work. Based on an 11 year interdisciplinary study of the Perdido Bay System, Dr. Robert J. Livingston's groundbreaking work offers evidence for significant findings such as:

Nutrient concentration gradients in fresh water as it entered the bay were stimulatory to phytoplankton blooms

Species that showed distinctive seasonal and interannual successions dominated plankton blooms

High relative dominance of bloom species was associated with significant reduction of phytoplankton species richness and diversity

The blooms were associated with major reductions of infaunal and epibenthic macroinvertibrates, forcing a serious disruption of the food webs and losses of secondary production Eutrophication Processes in Coastal Ecosystems goes beyond its innovative analyses of how estuarine and coastal systems have responded to fundamental alterations of the eutrophication process. Dr. Livingston's book presents the case that bloom impacts must be reviewed against the background conditions that include periodic changes brought on by drought and anthropogenous dredging. It points to the critical need for further study of phytoplankton communities and the connection between plankton blooms, sediment deterioration, and low secondary production.

Arvustused

"The strength of the book is in its emphasis on interdisciplinary science as an essential approach to ecosystem researchIn summary, this book is valuable reading to researchers and regulators dealing with the eutrophication issue. It provides a comprehensive assessment of ecosystem properties in one region, the northeastern Gulf of Mexico estuaries, and opens the possibility that the principles and mechanisms of eutrophication demonstrated here may be applicable to other regions. However, the book also succeeds on another level. It serves as an instructional treatise on what is required to adequately evaluate the eutrophication process." -COPEIA, February 2002

"an extremely valuable addition to the reference libraries of researchers working in northern Gulf of Mexico estuaries. This volume should also prove to be particularly useful to person involved in studies and discussions related to the effects of coastal eutrophication and the ultimate fate and results of nutrient load in our estuaries." - Ecology, 83(2), 2002

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Introduction
Eutrophication Processes
1(2)
Aspects of Excessive Nutrient Loading to Estuaries
3(1)
Plankton Response to Nutrient Loading
4(1)
Phytoplankton Blooms and the HAB Concept
5(1)
Natural History of HABs
6(1)
Phytoplankton as Indicators of Water Quality
7(2)
Food Web Response to Nutrient Loading
9(2)
Northeast Gulf of Mexico
Physiography
11(3)
Regional Geology
14(3)
Climate
17(4)
Temperature
17(1)
Precipitation
18(2)
Wind
20(1)
River Flow
21(1)
Tides
22(1)
Aquatic Habitats
22(4)
Primary Study Sites
Apalachee Bay (Econfina and Fenholloway River-Estuaries)
26(1)
Apalachicola River and Bay System
27(2)
The Choctawhatchee River and Bay System
29(2)
The Pensacola River and Bay System
31(2)
The Perdido River and Bay System
33(4)
The Perdido Bay System: Eutrophication Processes and Plankton Blooms
Introduction
37(3)
The Perdido Bay Study
38(1)
Phytoplankton Bloom Status
39(1)
River Flow Trends
40(4)
Seasonal and Interannual River Flow Patterns
41(1)
Riverine Influence on Bay Stratification and Flushing
42(2)
Nutrient Dynamics
44(12)
Nutrient Loading
44(5)
Nutrient Concentration Gradients
49(2)
Nutrient Limitation
51(5)
Sediment Quality
56(9)
Introduction
56(1)
Physical Characteristics and Liquid Mud
57(1)
Sediment Nutrients
58(5)
Stable Isotope Analyses of Carbon Cycling
63(1)
Toxic Agents
64(1)
Water Quality: Spatial/Temporal Trends
65(16)
Introduction
65(3)
Temperature and Salinity
68(1)
Color, Turbidity, and Secchi Depths
69(1)
Light Distribution and Primary Productivity
70(2)
Dissolved Oxygen, Biochemical Oxygen Demand, and pH
72(4)
Nutrients and Chlorophyll a
76(5)
Long-Term Phytoplankton Trends in Perdido Bay
81(72)
Introduction
81(4)
Chronology of Phytoplankton Trends in Perdido Bay
85(1)
1988 to 1991
85(1)
1992 to 1994
86(1)
1995 to 1997
86(1)
1998 to 1999
86(5)
Bloom Species
91(9)
Long-Term Changes at the Division/Clas Level
100(4)
Silica and Diatom Abundance
104(2)
Net Phytoplankton and Zooplankton
106(4)
Whole-Water Phytoplankton
110(1)
Long-Term Changes in Phytoplankton Distribution
110(8)
Plankton Response to Nutrient Loading
118(3)
Phytoplankton Blooms and the Benthic Microalgae
121(16)
Phytoplankton Blooms and Water Quality
137(1)
Introduction
137(1)
Long-Term Water Quality Trends
137(3)
Phytoplankton Blooms and Chlorophyll a
140(3)
Long-Term Sediment Quality Trends in Perdido Bay
143(3)
Statistical Analyses of Phytoplankton Distributions
146(1)
The 1993--1994 Bloom Period
146(2)
Comparison of Long-Term Trends
148(5)
Effects of Blooms on Secondary Production
Introduction
153(1)
Baywide Trends of Invertebrates and Fishes
154(21)
Introduction
154(1)
Community Interactions
154(8)
Trophic Organization
162(1)
Research Approach
162(4)
Long-Term Trophodynamic Trends
166(9)
Comparison of Gulf Coastal Systems
Habitat Conditions
175(1)
Salinity Stratification and Habitat Deterioration
176(6)
Stratification, Dissolved Oxygen, and Sediment Condition
176(6)
Nutrient Loading and Nutrient Concentrations
182(6)
Introduction
182(1)
Flow Rates and Nutrient Loading/Concentrations
182(6)
Water Quality
188(3)
Sediment Comparisons
191(5)
Phytoplankton Organization
196(28)
Introduction
196(1)
Phytoplankton Communities in the Study Areas
197(1)
Wolf Bay
197(6)
Escambia Bay
203(7)
Apalachee Bay
210(2)
Choctawhatchee Bay
212(5)
Perdido Bay
217(1)
Phytoplankton Indices
217(7)
Food Web Response to Plankton Organization
224(13)
Introduction
224(4)
Existing Conditions
228(1)
Food Web Comparisons
228(9)
Restoration, Research, and Regulation
Restoration of the Perdido System
237(3)
``Ecosystem'' Research
240(11)
Gulf of Mexico
241(1)
Chesapeake Bay
241(3)
Florida Bay
244(2)
Scientific Overview of the Eutrophication Question
246(5)
Information, Regulatory ``Action,'' and Political Control
251(8)
Conclusions
259(10)
Summary of Results
269(12)
References 281(20)
Appendix I 301(14)
Appendix II 315(4)
Index 319


Robert J. Livingston