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E-raamat: Evaluation of Groundwater Resources on the Coral Islands of Lakshadweep, India

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Evaluation of Groundwater Resources on the Coral Islands of Lakshadweep, IndiaSuurem pilt
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This book provides insights on and tools for the characterization of island aquifers, as illustrated by the example of the coral islands of Lakshadweep in India. After an initial overview of the different coral islands, subsequent chapters explain key geophysical, hydrogeological and hydrochemical methods for the assessment and characterization of coral island aquifers. The book"s closing chapters highlight selected case studies and describe actual implementations of the methods discussed. In addition to presenting the details of data collection on each island - a valuable resource for any future study on these islands - in graphical form, the book proposes suitable measures for ensuring the sustainability of groundwater resources on the islands. Accordingly, it offers a unique and essential source of information for all hydrogeologists whose work involves island aquifers.
1 Introduction
1(18)
1.1 Fresh Water Resources
1(1)
1.2 Water Resources in India
2(1)
1.3 Coral Islands
3(16)
1.3.1 Formation of Lakshadweep Islands
4(2)
1.3.2 Lakshadweep Islands
6(1)
1.3.3 Sand Banks
6(2)
1.3.4 Reefs
8(1)
1.3.5 Islands
8(8)
1.3.6 Population of Lakshadweep Islands
16(2)
References
18(1)
2 Groundwater as Freshwater Resource
19(6)
2.1 Introduction
19(1)
2.2 Hydrogeology of Coral Island
19(1)
2.3 Ghyben--Herzberg Relationship
20(2)
2.4 Transition Zone
22(3)
References
24(1)
3 Delineation of Fresh Groundwater Zone on Island
25(14)
3.1 Introduction
25(1)
3.2 Geophysical Methods
25(8)
3.2.1 Electrical Resistivity Method
26(6)
3.2.2 Seismic Refraction Method
32(1)
3.2.3 Electromagnetic (EM) Method
33(1)
3.3 Hydrogeological Method
33(6)
3.3.1 Ghyben--Herzberg Relation
33(1)
3.3.2 Rainfall--Width--Permeability Relationship
34(1)
3.3.3 Rainfall--Width--Lens Relationship
35(1)
3.3.4 Analytical and Numerical Method
35(1)
References
36(3)
4 Characterization of Island Aquifer
39(12)
4.1 Introduction
39(1)
4.2 Pumping Test
39(12)
4.2.1 Analytical Method
42(1)
4.2.2 Numerical Method
43(3)
4.2.3 Tidal Method
46(2)
4.2.4 Tidal Response in Aquifer
48(1)
4.2.5 Tidal Analysis
49(1)
References
50(1)
5 Chemical and Biological Characterization of Island Aquifer
51(8)
5.1 Introduction
51(1)
5.2 Interpretation of Data
52(7)
5.2.1 Piper Diagram (Trilinear Graph)
52(1)
5.2.2 Water Hazard
53(1)
5.2.3 Gibbs Diagrams
54(1)
5.2.4 Statistical Analysis
55(1)
5.2.5 Water Quality Index
56(1)
5.2.6 Anthropogenic Pollution
57(1)
References
58(1)
6 Management of Groundwater
59(10)
6.1 Introduction
59(1)
6.2 Assessment of Safe Groundwater Withdrawal
59(2)
6.3 Water Balance
61(2)
6.4 Numerical Model
63(6)
6.4.1 SUTRA Model
63(2)
6.4.2 Artificial Neural Network
65(1)
6.4.3 Application of Geographical Information System (GIS)
66(1)
References
66(3)
7 Case Studies
69(71)
7.1 Introduction
69(1)
7.2 Kavaratti Island
69(16)
7.2.1 Introduction
69(1)
7.2.2 Water Supply
70(1)
7.2.3 Hydrogeology
70(2)
7.2.4 Groundwater Regime
72(3)
7.2.5 Groundwater Quality
75(1)
7.2.6 Aquifer Characterization
76(4)
7.2.7 Groundwater Modelling
80(5)
7.2.8 Anthropogenic Pollution
85(1)
7.3 Andrott Island
85(17)
7.3.1 Introduction
85(1)
7.3.2 Water Supply
86(1)
7.3.3 Hydrogeology
86(4)
7.3.4 Geophysical Investigations
90(3)
7.3.5 Aquifer Characterization
93(2)
7.3.6 Groundwater Quality
95(6)
7.3.7 Groundwater Pollution Due to Sewage
101(1)
7.3.8 Conclusions
101(1)
7.4 Kalpeni Island
102(16)
7.4.1 Introduction
102(1)
7.4.2 Water Supply
102(1)
7.4.3 Physiography
103(1)
7.4.4 Rainfall
104(1)
7.4.5 Hydrogeology
104(6)
7.4.6 Groundwater Quality
110(6)
7.4.7 Aquifer Characterization
116(2)
7.4.8 Rainwater Harvesting
118(1)
7.4.9 Conclusions
118(1)
7.5 Minicoy Island
118(22)
7.5.1 Introduction
118(2)
7.5.2 Water Supply
120(1)
7.5.3 Physiography
120(2)
7.5.4 Rainfall
122(1)
7.5.5 Hydrogeological Regime
122(4)
7.5.6 Groundwater Quality
126(9)
7.5.7 Aquifer Characterization
135(4)
7.5.8 Awareness Program
139(1)
7.5.9 Conclusions
139(1)
References 140
Retired Chief Scientist and Ex-Emeritus Scientist from CSIR-National Geophysical Research Institute (NGRI), obtained his M.Sc. and Ph.D. in Geophysics in 1972 and 1987 respectively from Benaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India. He pursued his research in the field of Groundwater Hydrology. He continued his research in the field of groundwater hydrology at BGR/NLfB, Hannover, Germany. Further he pursued research in the field of Aquifer Parameter Estimation at University of Birmingham, U.K. He developed efficient and versatile techniques for estimation of aquifer parameters considering realistic field conditions, particularly, prevailing in Asian countries. He has published many research papers in National and International Scientific Journals and edited books. His effort has been to develop sustainable groundwater management scheme through the application of numerical models under different hydrogeological terrains. He is member of IAHS. Dr. Singh has been conferred with NATIONAL HYDROLOGY AWARD (Ministry of Water Resources, Govt. of India).
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